{"id":15178,"date":"2023-11-07T13:01:33","date_gmt":"2023-11-07T13:01:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=15178"},"modified":"2024-02-03T11:49:33","modified_gmt":"2024-02-03T11:49:33","slug":"to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks\/","title":{"rendered":"To what extent, in your opinion, has the decentralization of power in India changed the governance landscape at the grassroots? (150 Words 10 Marks)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-gs-advance-and-mentorship-program-ampcsat?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Link&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Advanced\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43397\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>The decentralization of power in India has significantly transformed the governance landscape at the grassroots, fostering participatory democracy and empowering local communities. Through initiatives like the Panchayati Raj system, decision-making authority has shifted closer to the people, promoting better accountability, efficient resource allocation, and tailored development solutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 2 Mains 2022<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2022\/\">UPSC Mains Civil Services IAS Exam Question Paper \u2013 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a7dfededf62a\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a7dfededf62a\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks\/#Approach\" >Approach&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks\/#Answer\" >Answer&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks\/#Introduction\" >Introduction&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks\/#Body\" >Body&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks\/#Achievement_of_Decentralization_of_Power\" >Achievement of Decentralization of Power&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks\/#Key_issues\" >Key issues&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks\/#Corruption_at_Lower_Levels_of_Hierarchy\" >Corruption at Lower Levels of Hierarchy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks\/#State_governments_are_in_Postponement_of_Local_Body_Elections\" >State governments are in Postponement of Local Body Elections&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/to-what-extent-in-your-opinion-as-the-decentralization-of-power-in-india-changed-the-governance-landscape-at-the-grassroots-150-words-10-marks\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_8792740517\" >In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 8792740517.&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Approach\"><\/span>Approach&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Introduce the key words<strong> decentralization of power in India <\/strong>with constitutional references.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Describing the aspects,<strong> the governance reaching at grassroots level <\/strong>by establishing <strong>\u201cPanchayat and Municipalities<\/strong>\u201d&nbsp;<\/li><li>Briefly giving<strong> the function of panchayat samiti <\/strong>with under given subjects mention some examples with the constraints for slow progress.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Accordingly conclude it.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Answer\"><\/span>Answer&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Democratic decentralization<\/strong> is barely alive in India. Over 25 years after the 73rd and 74th constitutional amendments (establishment of panchayats and municipalities as elected local governments) devolved a range of powers and responsibilities and made them accountable to the people for their implementation, very little and actual progress has been made in this direction.\u00a0<\/li><li>Under Article 40 of the Indian Constitution, the States shall take steps to organise Village Panchayats and endow their powers and authority to function as unit of self-government.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-cse-gs-integrated-course?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Integrated\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42401 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Body\"><\/span>Body&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A study for the<strong> Fourteenth Finance Commission by the Centre for Policy Research<\/strong>, shows that all States have formally devolved powers with respect to five core functions:&nbsp; <strong>water supply, sanitation, roads and communication, streetlight <\/strong>provision and the management of community assets to the<strong> gram panchayats<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Achievement_of_Decentralization_of_Power\"><\/span>Achievement of Decentralization of Power&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Decision-making<\/strong>: The local people can participate in decision-making at local-level issues.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Women representation<\/strong>: 33% reservation for women has helped to increase women\u2019s voice and representation in our democracy.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Swachh Bharat Abhiyan:<\/strong> In 2019, India became open-defecation free because of ground level work by local bodies.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Literacy campaign<\/strong>: Arati Devi, sarpanch in a village in Ganjam district in Odisha is credited with starting a literacy campaign for women and reviving traditional folk art in Ganjam.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Self-help Groups:<\/strong> Meena Behen, sarpanch from a village in Gujarat, has worked for inculcating leadership skills to the self-help group (SHG).&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_issues\"><\/span>Key issues&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The constraint lies in the design of funding streams that<strong> transfer money to local governments.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li><li>First, the volume of money set apart for them is<strong> inadequate to meet <\/strong>their basic requirements.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Second, much of the <strong>money given is inflexible<\/strong>; even in the case of untied grants mandated by the Union and State Finance Commissions, their use is constrained through the imposition of several conditions.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Third, there is<strong> little investment in enabling and strengthening local governments<\/strong> to raise their own taxes and user charges.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The last nail in the devolution coffin is that local governments <strong>do not have the staff to perform even basic tasks.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Furthermore, as most staff are hired by higher level departments and placed with local governments on deputation, they do not feel responsible to the latter; they function as part of a vertically integrated departmental system.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Corruption_at_Lower_Levels_of_Hierarchy\"><\/span>Corruption at Lower Levels of Hierarchy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Decentralised corruption tends to get exposed faster than national or State-level corruption.&nbsp;<\/li><li>People erroneously perceive higher corruption at the local level, simply because it is more visible.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"State_governments_are_in_Postponement_of_Local_Body_Elections\"><\/span>State governments are in Postponement of Local Body Elections&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to above structural problems were not bad enough, in violation of the constitutional mandate of five yearly elections to local governments, States have often postponed them.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>In 2005, when the Gujarat government postponed the Ahmedabad corporation elections, a Supreme Court constitutional bench held that under no circumstances can such postponements be allowed.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li><li>Subsequently, the Supreme Court rejected other alibis for election postponement, such as delays in determining the seat reservation matrix, or fresh delimitation of local government boundaries.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Yet, in Tamil Nadu, panchayat elections have not been held for over two years now, resulting in the State losing finance commission grants from the Union government.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>India\u2019s efforts in Decentralization represent one of the largest experiments in deepening democracy. Decentralization is always a messy form of democracy, but it is far better than the operation of criminal politicians at the higher level who appropriate huge sums of tax-payer money, without any of us having a clue.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42412 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Link&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\">UPSC Essay Course<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-a91d712c-3b2a-42fd-8911-23224b6cf0a1\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_8792740517\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 8792740517.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-19f5af5e-0a55-42a5-a63c-70f159b2e72f\">For UPSC Prelims Resources, <a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-ce5c9408-fc97-47c8-9a76-5075352140eb\">For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-d2d5bc7b-e0d0-4df9-9a06-972d23418ef1\">Join our Telegram Channel &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-fdd07932-9751-4e30-81f5-e9ee07f86680\"><li>1. 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