{"id":16589,"date":"2023-11-19T06:50:45","date_gmt":"2023-11-19T06:50:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=16589"},"modified":"2023-11-19T06:50:55","modified_gmt":"2023-11-19T06:50:55","slug":"upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Daily Current Affairs &#8211; 21st July 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/current-affairs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/MicrosoftTeams-image-40-1.png\" alt=\"UPSC Current Affairs Daily Quiz - Edukemy\" class=\"wp-image-14085\" width=\"780\" height=\"182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/MicrosoftTeams-image-40-1.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/MicrosoftTeams-image-40-1-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/MicrosoftTeams-image-40-1-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants, we explore the latest developments that hold relevance for the upcoming civil services examination. Our focus today includes a critical analysis of recent policy changes, international affairs, and national developments, all of which play a pivotal role in shaping the socio-political and economic landscape of India. Stay informed and stay ahead in your UPSC preparations with our daily current affairs updates, as we provide you with concise, well-researched insights to help you connect the dots between contemporary events and the broader canvas of the civil services syllabus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d5c5504e25d\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d5c5504e25d\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Reforms_in_India_Railway\" title=\"Reforms in India Railway&nbsp;\">Reforms in India Railway&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#In_News\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#About\" title=\"About&nbsp;\">About&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#The_development_of_railways_in_India_is_hindered_by_several_challenges\" title=\"The development of railways in India is hindered by several challenges:&nbsp;\">The development of railways in India is hindered by several challenges:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Measures_Taken_by_Indian_Railway\" title=\"Measures Taken by Indian Railway&nbsp;\">Measures Taken by Indian Railway&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#National_Multidimensional_Poverty_Index\" title=\"National Multidimensional Poverty Index&nbsp;\">National Multidimensional Poverty Index&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Why_in_News\" title=\"Why in News:\">Why in News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#National_Multidimensional_Poverty_Index_MPI\" title=\"National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI):&nbsp;\">National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI):&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Key_Highlights_of_MPI_2023\" title=\"Key Highlights of MPI 2023:&nbsp;\">Key Highlights of MPI 2023:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Reasons_for_Multidimensional_Poverty\" title=\"Reasons for Multidimensional Poverty:&nbsp;\">Reasons for Multidimensional Poverty:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Governments_Initiatives\" title=\"Government\u2019s Initiatives:&nbsp;\">Government\u2019s Initiatives:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Tax_Challenges_arising_from_the_digitisation_of_the_Economy\" title=\"Tax Challenges arising from the digitisation of the Economy&nbsp;\">Tax Challenges arising from the digitisation of the Economy&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Why_in_News-2\" title=\"Why in News:\">Why in News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Organisation_for_Economic_Cooperation_and_Development_OECD\" title=\"Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD):&nbsp;\">Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD):&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Base_Erosion_and_Profit_Shifting_BEPS\" title=\"Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS):&nbsp;\">Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS):&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Two_Pillar_Solution_or_Global_Anti-Base_Erosion_GloBE_Rules\" title=\"Two Pillar Solution or Global Anti-Base Erosion (GloBE) Rules:&nbsp;\">Two Pillar Solution or Global Anti-Base Erosion (GloBE) Rules:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Significance_of_the_solution\" title=\"Significance of the solution:&nbsp;\">Significance of the solution:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Impact_on_India\" title=\"Impact on India:&nbsp;\">Impact on India:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Industrial_Concentration_in_India\" title=\"Industrial Concentration in India&nbsp;\">Industrial Concentration in India&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#In_News-2\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#About_concentration_of_wealth\" title=\"About concentration of wealth:&nbsp;\">About concentration of wealth:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Concerns_due_to_rapid_rise_in_industrial_concentration\" title=\"Concerns due to rapid rise in industrial concentration:\u00a0\u00a0\">Concerns due to rapid rise in industrial concentration:\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Trends_that_signal_narrowing_of_political_distance_between_state_and_big_business\" title=\"Trends that signal narrowing of political distance between state and big business:&nbsp;\">Trends that signal narrowing of political distance between state and big business:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Small_Modular_Reactors\" title=\"Small Modular Reactors&nbsp;\">Small Modular Reactors&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#In_News-3\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#About_Indias_Nuclear_Energy_mix\" title=\"About India\u2019s Nuclear Energy mix:&nbsp;\">About India\u2019s Nuclear Energy mix:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#What_are_Small_Modular_Reactors\" title=\"What are Small Modular Reactors?&nbsp;\">What are Small Modular Reactors?&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Indias_strategy_for_nuclear_energy_transition\" title=\"India\u2019s strategy for nuclear energy transition&nbsp;\">India\u2019s strategy for nuclear energy transition&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Major_suggestions_given_by_NITI_Aayog_for_SMR\" title=\"Major suggestions given by NITI Aayog for SMR:&nbsp;\">Major suggestions given by NITI Aayog for SMR:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Fusion_of_rock_art_at_Rudragiri_Hillock\" title=\"Fusion of rock art at Rudragiri Hillock&nbsp;\">Fusion of rock art at Rudragiri Hillock&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#In_News-4\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#About_Fusion_of_rock_art_at_Rudragiri_Hillock\" title=\"About Fusion of rock art at Rudragiri Hillock:&nbsp;\">About Fusion of rock art at Rudragiri Hillock:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Rudragiri_hillock\" title=\"Rudragiri hillock&nbsp;\">Rudragiri hillock&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Digital_time_voucher_system_for_political_parties\" title=\"Digital time voucher system for political parties&nbsp;\">Digital time voucher system for political parties&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#In_News-5\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#About_Digital_Time_Voucher_System_for_Political_Parties\" title=\"About Digital Time Voucher System for Political Parties:&nbsp;\">About Digital Time Voucher System for Political Parties:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Nawab_Wajid_Ali_Shah_1822_%E2%80%931887\" title=\"Nawab Wajid Ali Shah (1822 \u20131887)&nbsp;\">Nawab Wajid Ali Shah (1822 \u20131887)&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Why_in_news\" title=\"Why in news?\">Why in news?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#About-2\" title=\"About:\u00a0\">About:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Major_Contributions\" title=\"Major Contributions:&nbsp;\">Major Contributions:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#RBIs_SOPs_to_Banks_for_Rupee_Trade\" title=\"RBI\u2019s SOPs to Banks for Rupee Trade\u00a0\">RBI\u2019s SOPs to Banks for Rupee Trade\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Why_in_news-2\" title=\"Why in news?\">Why in news?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#About-3\" title=\"About:&nbsp;\">About:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Electronic_Bank_Realization_Certificatee-BRC\" title=\"Electronic Bank Realization Certificate(e-BRC):&nbsp;\">Electronic Bank Realization Certificate(e-BRC):&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Steel_Slag_Road\" title=\"Steel Slag Road&nbsp;\">Steel Slag Road&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Why_in_news-3\" title=\"Why in news?\">Why in news?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#About-4\" title=\"About:&nbsp;\">About:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#DPT3_vaccine_diphtheria_pertussis_and_tetanus_Vaccine_Immunisation_coverage\" title=\"DPT3 vaccine (diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus) Vaccine Immunisation coverage&nbsp;\">DPT3 vaccine (diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus) Vaccine Immunisation coverage&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Why_in_news-4\" title=\"Why in news?\">Why in news?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#About-5\" title=\"About:\u00a0\">About:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Key_Findings\" title=\"Key Findings:&nbsp;\">Key Findings:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Cicada_species\" title=\"Cicada species&nbsp;\">Cicada species&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Why_in_news-5\" title=\"Why in news?\">Why in news?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#About-6\" title=\"About:\u00a0\u00a0\">About:\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Cicadas\" title=\"Cicadas:&nbsp;\">Cicadas:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Gambusia\" title=\"Gambusia&nbsp;\">Gambusia&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Why_in_news-6\" title=\"Why in news?\">Why in news?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#About-7\" title=\"About:\u00a0\">About:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are daily current affairs?\">Q: What are daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?\">Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\" title=\"Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?\">Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\" title=\"Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?\">Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?\">Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-21st-july-2023\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reforms_in_India_Railway\"><\/span><strong>Reforms in India Railway<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Economy, Infrastructure Development\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News\"><\/span><strong>In News: <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently, introduction of Vande Bharat trains has garnered significant attention, there remains a need for comprehensive enhancements in railway services.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About\"><\/span><strong>About<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The history of Indian Railways dates back to the <strong>British colonial<\/strong> era when the first passenger train journey took place in <strong>1853 between Mumbai and Thane<\/strong>. Over the years, the railways have played a crucial role in shaping India&#8217;s socio-economic fabric and have witnessed significant milestones in its journey.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indian Railways boasts an extensive network <strong>that spans over 68,000 kilometers (track length of 99,235 kms)<\/strong>, covering almost every corner of the country. From bustling metropolises to remote villages, the railway lines traverse through diverse landscapes, providing essential connectivity to even the most remote regions.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_development_of_railways_in_India_is_hindered_by_several_challenges\"><\/span><strong>The development of railways in India is hindered by several challenges:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Congested networks:<\/strong> The infrastructure is overstretched, with over 60% of routes being more than 100% utilized, causing a decline in the average speed of trains for passengers and freight.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Inefficiency:<\/strong> The railways face low efficiency in terms of human resources and capacity, impacting their overall performance.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Decline in revenue generation:<\/strong> There has been a slowdown in internal revenue generation, leading the railways to heavily rely on budgetary support and borrowings from the central government.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Centralized decision-making:<\/strong> Decision-making in the railways is centralized, with the Railway Board holding powers of policy-making, operations, and regulation. This limits the autonomy of railway zones in raising their own revenue and contributing effectively to improving overall revenue.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Safety and service quality issues:<\/strong> The railways have faced accidents and safety concerns, impacting public trust. Additionally, poor cleanliness, delays in bookings and arrivals, and ticketing issues have affected service quality.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Competition from aviation industry:<\/strong> Increasing personal disposable income and lifestyle changes have led to stiff competition from airlines, as people opt for air travel over railways.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Vicious cycle of poor finances:<\/strong> Insufficient finances result in low investment in infrastructure, leading to compromised services, reduced speed, delays, and safety concerns. As a consequence, the railways lose remunerative business, further deteriorating their financial situation.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Measures_Taken_by_Indian_Railway\"><\/span><strong>Measures Taken by Indian Railway<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The <strong>Special Freight Train Operations Scheme<\/strong> enables private enterprises to operate freight trains from their own terminals, leading to more efficient transportation of cargo.\u00a0<\/li><li>With the <strong>Amrit Bharat Station Scheme<\/strong>, stations will be equipped with facilities inspired by major station upgrades like New Delhi and Ahmedabad, but at a reduced cost.\u00a0<\/li><li>The Indian <strong>Railway Management Service (IRMS)<\/strong> represents a significant shift in the management of Indian Railways, aiming to streamline the top-heavy bureaucracy.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Mission Raftaar&#8217;s objective<\/strong> is to increase the average speed of freight trains twofold and raise the average speed of Superfast\/Mail\/Express trains by 25 kmph.\u00a0<\/li><li>The <strong>Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)<\/strong> is a domestically developed system that aims to minimize accidents caused by human error.\u00a0<\/li><li>To expedite project commissioning, measures include securing <strong>finances through extra-budgetary resources for throughput enhancement<\/strong> works, emphasizing proper project preparation, advanced land acquisition, utilizing EPC contracts, mechanization in construction, and intensive project monitoring.\u00a0<\/li><li>The introduction of New Trains like <strong>Vande Bharat promotes<\/strong> local manufacturing and enhances the overall travel experience for passengers.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Vistadome Trains,<\/strong> operating on the most scenic routes, boost tourism and offer travelers an improved sightseeing experience.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"602\" height=\"600\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-254.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16593 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-254.png 602w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-254-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-254-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-254-585x583.png 585w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-254-120x120.png 120w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 602px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 602\/600;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.business-standard.com\/opinion\/editorial\/speed-and-strategy-123071600605_1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Business Standard\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"National_Multidimensional_Poverty_Index\"><\/span><strong>National Multidimensional Poverty Index<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags:<\/strong> GS \u2013 2: Social Justice (Issues related to poverty and hunger), GS \u2013 3: Indian Economy (Growth and development)\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_News\"><\/span><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently, NITI Aayog has released the \u2018National Multidimensional Poverty Index: A Progress Review 2023\u2019.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"National_Multidimensional_Poverty_Index_MPI\"><\/span><strong>National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI):<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>MPI <strong>measures Poverty across its multiple dimensions<\/strong> and in effect complements existing poverty statistics based on per capita consumption expenditure.\u00a0<\/li><li>It considers <strong>three equally weighted dimensions<\/strong> \u2013 Health, Education, and Standard of living.\u00a0<\/li><li>These three dimensions are measured by <strong>12 indicators<\/strong> such as nutrition, child and adolescent mortality, maternal health, years of schooling, school attendance, cooking fuel, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, housing, assets, and bank accounts.\u00a0<\/li><li>The <strong>first edition of MPI was released in 2021<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Highlights_of_MPI_2023\"><\/span><strong>Key Highlights of MPI 2023:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It is <strong>the 2<\/strong><strong><sup>nd<\/sup><\/strong><strong> edition<\/strong> of the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) and has been prepared based on the latest <strong>National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-21)<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li><li>India&#8217;s population living in <strong>multidimensional poverty decreased from 24.85% in 2015-16 to 14.96% in 2019-21<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The <strong>rural areas of India registered the fastest decline in poverty<\/strong>, with the poverty rate dropping from 32.59% to 19.28%.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Uttar Pradesh registered the largest decline<\/strong> in the number of poor individuals, with 3.43 crore (34.3 million) people escaping multidimensional poverty.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Bihar saw the fastest reduction in MPI value<\/strong> in absolute terms with the proportion of multidimensional poor reducing from 51.89% to 33.76% followed by Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Except for Bihar, no other state in India has more than one-third of its population living in multidimensional poverty.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Number of states with less than 10% of people living in multidimensional poverty has doubled between 2016 and 2021 from 7 (Mizoram, HP, Punjab, Sikkim, TN, Goa, and Kerala) to 14 (Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Manipur, and Uttarakhand).&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reasons_for_Multidimensional_Poverty\"><\/span><strong>Reasons for Multidimensional Poverty:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Within Health Category, <strong>Lack of proper nutrition<\/strong> contributed almost 30% in the overall calculation of MPI of India.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Within Education category, <strong>lack of years of schooling<\/strong>, inadequate access to maternal health services and less-than-desired school attendance did not show much decline.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Within the Standard of Living Category, <strong>~44% of India\u2019s population is still deprived of access to cooking fuel<\/strong>, 30% of the population deprived of sanitation services.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Governments_Initiatives\"><\/span><strong>Government\u2019s Initiatives:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Health and Nutrition:<\/strong> Poshan Abhiyan and Anaemia Mukt Bharat\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Sanitation:<\/strong> Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) and Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM)\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Cooking fuel:<\/strong> PM Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY)\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Other initiatives:<\/strong> Saubhagya (electricity), PM Awas Yojana (housing), PM Jan Dhan Yojana (banking), and Samagra Shiksha (education).\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-economics\/multidimensional-poverty-india-niti-aayog-8845935\/#:~:text=Even%20as%20there%20has%20been,standard%20of%20living%2C%20health%2C%20and\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Indian Express<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tax_Challenges_arising_from_the_digitisation_of_the_Economy\"><\/span><strong>Tax Challenges arising from the digitisation of the Economy<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags:<\/strong> GS \u2013 3: Economy (Taxation)\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_News-2\"><\/span><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>138 members of OECD-G20 Inclusive Framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) have joined a new two-pillar plan to reform international taxation rules.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Organisation_for_Economic_Cooperation_and_Development_OECD\"><\/span><strong>Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD):<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It is an <strong>intergovernmental economic organisation, founded to stimulate economic progress and world trade<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Most OECD members are high-income economies and are regarded as developed countries. <strong>Members and key partners represent 80% of the World Trade<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Base_Erosion_and_Profit_Shifting_BEPS\"><\/span><strong>Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS):<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It refers to <strong>corporate tax planning strategies used by multinationals to shift profits from higher-tax jurisdictions to lower or no-tax jurisdictions<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It is <strong>done to minimize the corporation tax<\/strong> that is payable overall.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The OECD defines BEPS strategies as exploiting gaps and mismatches in tax rules.&nbsp;<\/li><li>As developing countries have a higher reliance on corporate income tax, they suffer from BEPS disproportionately.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Two_Pillar_Solution_or_Global_Anti-Base_Erosion_GloBE_Rules\"><\/span><strong>Two Pillar Solution or Global Anti-Base Erosion (GloBE) Rules:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"602\" height=\"339\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-255.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16599 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-255.png 602w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-255-585x329.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 602px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 602\/339;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Significance_of_the_solution\"><\/span><strong>Significance of the solution:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It will <strong>define the multinational enterprises (MNEs)<\/strong> within the scope of the minimum tax and will set out a mechanism for calculating an MNE\u2019s effective tax rate on a jurisdictional basis.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It will <strong>provide much-needed support to governments needing to raise necessary revenues<\/strong> to repair their budgets and their balance sheets while investing in essential public services.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It will <strong>provide stability for the international tax system<\/strong>, making it fairer and work better in an increasingly digitalised and globalised world economy.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Impact_on_India\"><\/span><strong>Impact on India:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India will <strong>have to roll back the equalisation levy<\/strong> that it imposes on companies such as Google, Amazon and Facebook when the global tax regime is implemented.\u00a0<\/li><li>India is in <strong>favour of a consensus solution<\/strong> which is simple to implement and simple to comply with.\u00a0<\/li><li>The Two Pillar Plan <strong>justifies India\u2019s stand for a greater share of profits<\/strong> for the markets and consideration of demand side factors in profit allocation.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/tax\/beps\/outcome-statement-on-the-two-pillar-solution-to-address-the-tax-challenges-arising-from-the-digitalisation-of-the-economy-july-2023.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">OECD <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Industrial_Concentration_in_India\"><\/span><strong>Industrial Concentration in India<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: GS-3<\/strong> Effects of Liberalisation on the Economy, Changes in Industrial Policy\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-2\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the report of a former RBI deputy governor\u2019s report the <strong>assets of the Big 5 business groups in non-financial sectors have almost doubled whereas the share of the next five has halved<\/strong>, since liberalisation..\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_concentration_of_wealth\"><\/span><strong>About concentration of wealth:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The <strong>advance and growth of few large companies<\/strong> such as Adani, Reliance, Tatas, Birlas etc. have been spectacular and even negative reports such as Hindenburg Research, have not halted their progress.&nbsp;<\/li><li>However small and medium scale firms along with a large<strong> mass of informal enterprises have not been able to do well<\/strong> and are yet to recover their COVID-19-inflicted losses.&nbsp;<\/li><li>This reflects that the business environment overall has not been supportive for all segments and unhindered growth of large corporations have <strong>inherent advantages of differential power among economic agents<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Concerns_due_to_rapid_rise_in_industrial_concentration\"><\/span><strong>Concerns due to rapid rise in industrial concentration:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Industrial concentration feeds on itself by using market power to <strong>stifle competition<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><li>It results <strong>in profit inflation or profiteerin<\/strong>g, through the manipulation of costs and prices\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Industrial concentration leads to <strong>extreme asset and income inequality<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><li>Large corporations with huge assets <strong>influence institutions of democracy<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><li>They can capture media and <strong>dilute the role of civil society<\/strong> as a countervailing power.\u00a0<\/li><li>It can also result in <strong>lobbying by influence over political processes<\/strong> and the formulation of policy.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trends_that_signal_narrowing_of_political_distance_between_state_and_big_business\"><\/span><strong>Trends that signal narrowing of political distance between state and big business:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Embrace the idea of Neoliberalism<\/strong>: Neoliberalists, both inside and outside the government view the role of state not as a regulator of private capital but a facilitator of growth for all round economic progress.\u00a0<\/li><li>However the argument that competition fostered by liberalisation would prevent concentration has proved otherwise, as seen in the telecommunication and aviation sector.\u00a0<\/li><li>Propagation of the view that <strong>states must assist in strengthening domestic big business to not just compete against giant global competitors, but to step beyond Indian shores<\/strong>. Thus state policy and public resources were used to strengthen large corporations.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Increased influence of money in politics<\/strong> as policies have been changed to <strong>legitimise corporate donations to political parties<\/strong>, including through the infamous <strong>electoral bonds scheme<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/lead\/indias-conglomerates-are-getting-too-big-for-comfort\/article67087609.ece#:~:text=A%20former%20Reserve%20Bank%20of,%25%20to%20less%20than%209%25.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Small_Modular_Reactors\"><\/span><strong>Small Modular Reactors<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: GS-3<\/strong> Indigenization of Technology &amp; Developing New Technology\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-3\"><\/span><strong>In News<\/strong>: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>India\u2019s shift towards smaller nuclear plants such as <strong>Small Modular Reactors(SMR)<\/strong> to harness nuclear energy, is being seen as a strategic move towards energy security.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_Indias_Nuclear_Energy_mix\"><\/span><strong>About India\u2019s Nuclear Energy mix:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Nuclear power represents <strong>1.7% of India\u2019s total installed power capacity<\/strong> as of March 2022. But by 2032, nuclear power is predicted to constitute 2.2% of capacity and 4.4% of gross generation.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/ea0bad97-15b6-4944-a8b4-8556ebd9651c\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India aims to <strong>raise nuclear power to 10% of its energy mix by 2035<\/strong>, requiring a significant increase in nuclear capacity.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_Small_Modular_Reactors\"><\/span><strong>What are Small Modular Reactors?<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Small modular reactors (SMRs) are advanced nuclear reactors that <strong>have a power capacity of up to 300 MW(e) per unit, which is about one-third of the generating capacity of traditional nuclear power reactor<\/strong>s. SMRs, which can produce a large amount of low-carbon electricity, are:\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Benefits of SMR<\/strong>:\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>Cogeneration SMR systems have potential to complement variable renewables <strong>through flexible operations<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><li>SMRs can also be <strong>installed in remote off-grid locations<\/strong> and help in achieving energy transition goals.\u00a0<\/li><li>SMR can be <strong>manufactured in a controlled factory environment and then transported to project site<\/strong>, thus optimising time &amp; cost of project.\u00a0<\/li><li>Deployment advantages like r<strong>educed size of Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) and passive safety system<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Indias_strategy_for_nuclear_energy_transition\"><\/span><strong>India\u2019s strategy for nuclear energy transition<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Switching to small reactors which are simpler, safer, and more cost-effective<\/strong>, since hydropower projects and thermal projects are not environmentally sustainable and have lower efficiency.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Private sector involvement<\/strong> in this initiative is crucial as they bring capital and technology in the power sector.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Future targets of raising nuclear<\/strong> power to 10% of India\u2019s energy mix by 2035 would require increasing nuclear capacity to approximately 90 GW. This target may be achieved through the development of SMRs.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Major_suggestions_given_by_NITI_Aayog_for_SMR\"><\/span><strong>Major suggestions given by NITI Aayog for SMR:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Encouraging private sector participation<\/strong> through public-private partnerships (PPPs), which would offer shared responsibilities and benefits.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Regulatory changes creating a comprehensive regulatory regime<\/strong> with stringent safety standards and regular monitoring to ensure the safe operation of SMRs.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Modifying foreign investment policies<\/strong> to enable both domestic and foreign private companies to participate in the country\u2019s SMR development.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.business-standard.com\/amp\/opinion\/columns\/moving-ahead-with-small-modular-reactors-123071701043_1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Business Standard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fusion_of_rock_art_at_Rudragiri_Hillock\"><\/span><strong>Fusion of rock art at Rudragiri Hillock<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: GS-I: Art and Culture<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-4\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Archaeologists deliberates on fascinating fusion of Rock Art at Rudragiri Hillock\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_Fusion_of_rock_art_at_Rudragiri_Hillock\"><\/span><strong>About Fusion of rock art at Rudragiri Hillock<\/strong>:&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Rudragiri boasts <strong>five naturally formed rock shelters<\/strong> at its foothills, facing westward, which served as <strong>living quarters <\/strong>during the Mesolithic age around <strong>5000 B.C.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>These rock shelters bear <strong>luminous rock paintings<\/strong> from the <strong>prehistoric era<\/strong>, offering valuable insights into ancient artistic expressions.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Two natural caves<\/strong> at the southern end of the hillock <strong>showcase exceptional murals from the Kakatiya<\/strong> kingdom, dating back to the <strong>13th century A.D.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>These paintings depict <strong>captivating scenes from the epic Ramayana<\/strong> and utilize <strong>colors derived from white kaolin<\/strong> and<strong> various pigments.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>The <strong>First Cave<\/strong> presents a narrative mural illustrating the intense battle between the Vanara brothers, Vali and Sugriva, from the Ramayana.\u00a0<\/li><li>The <strong>Middle Cave<\/strong> features a grand sketch of <strong>Hanuman carrying the Sanjivani hill<\/strong> in his right hand, symbolizing his mission to save Lakshmana&#8217;s life.\u00a0<\/li><li>It has sacred symbols of the <strong>conch (Sankha) <\/strong>and the<strong> fire altar (Yagna Vedi) <\/strong>accompany Hanuman&#8217;s depiction.\u00a0<\/li><li>The <strong>Third Cave<\/strong> houses the prehistoric rock paintings from the Mesolithic era, coexisting harmoniously with the Kakatiya-era murals.\u00a0<\/li><li>It showcases superimposed figure of Hanuman in a unique <strong>&#8216;Anjali&#8217; posture<\/strong>, folding his hands in a divine offering.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rudragiri_hillock\"><\/span><strong>Rudragiri hillock<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Rudragiri hillock is located in the village of <strong>Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh<\/strong> which holds a rich historical and artistic legacy.\u00a0<\/li><li>It features a unique combination of <strong>prehistoric rock paintings<\/strong> from the <strong>Mesolithic period <\/strong>and exquisite <strong>artwork from the Kakatiya dynasty.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>Its rock shelter frescoes suggests that the <strong>Ramayana scenes depicted at Rudragiri<\/strong> might have drawn inspiration from the artworks at Muppavaram.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Ganapati Deva Maharaja<\/strong> (1199-1262 AD), the <strong>founder of Muppavaram temple <\/strong>and a prominent figure of the <strong>Kakatiya dynasty, <\/strong>likely patronized the mural heritage found at Rudragiri.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/andhra-pradesh\/a-fascinating-fusion-of-rock-art-at-rudragiri-hillock\/article67092853.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Digital_time_voucher_system_for_political_parties\"><\/span><strong>Digital time voucher system for political parties<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: GS-II: ECI<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-5\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Election Commission introduces Digital Time Vouchers for political parties&#8217; campaigning on Doordarshan &amp; All India Radio\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_Digital_Time_Voucher_System_for_Political_Parties\"><\/span><strong>About Digital Time Voucher System for Political Parties<\/strong>:&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The <strong>Election Commission of India <\/strong>(ECI) has introduced a digital time voucher system for political parties during elections.\u00a0<\/li><li>The system aims to <strong>leverage technology to replace the traditional physical collection of time vouchers<\/strong> from ECI\/CEO Offices.\u00a0<\/li><li>The scheme was <strong>initially notified in 1998<\/strong> under Section <strong>39A of the Representation of Peoples Act, 1951.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Important features<\/strong>:\u00a0<ul><li>It provides <strong>equitable access to government-owned electronic media<\/strong> for campaigning to recognized National and State Parties during elections.\u00a0<\/li><li>Each party <strong>receives a base time on Doordarshan (DD) and All India Radio (AIR),<\/strong> with additional time based on past <strong>poll performance.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>It will operate <strong>through an Information Technology (IT) platform<\/strong> where political parties will be issued digital time vouchers through the online system.\u00a0<\/li><li>The new <strong>system eliminates the need for physical visits<\/strong> to ECI\/CEO Offices for voucher collection streamlining the process of allotting time vouchers to parties.\u00a0<\/li><li>Political parties can <strong>access the vouchers online from anywhere<\/strong> which will <strong>reduce <\/strong>the administrative burden for both parties and election officials.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Overall, digital time voucher system is a <strong>progressive step by the ECI<\/strong> towards leveraging technology for the betterment of the electoral process.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source:<a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1940589#:~:text=The%20Election%20Commission%20of%20India,Information%20Technology%20(IT)%20platform.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> PIB Gov.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nawab_Wajid_Ali_Shah_1822_%E2%80%931887\"><\/span><strong>Nawab Wajid Ali Shah (1822 \u20131887)<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: <\/strong>General Studies \u20131 Art &amp; Culture\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_news\"><\/span><strong>Why in news? <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>An exhibition, heritage walk, and talk will be held in Kolkata to commemorate the bicentenary year of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah, the last king of Awadh.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/9a1b9d37-4e41-4459-8d77-bd563f611e4a\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About-2\"><\/span><strong>About:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Mirza Wajid Ali Shah was the <strong>eleventh and final King of Awadh<\/strong>, reigning from 13 February 1847 to 11 February 1856.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The British East India Company <strong>annexed Awadh on 11 February 1856, just two days before the ninth anniversary of Wajid Ali Shah\u2019s coronation<\/strong>. He was subsequently exiled to Garden Reach in Metiabruz, near Kolkata, living on a pension.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Major_Contributions\"><\/span><strong>Major Contributions:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>He is <strong>remembered as a poet, playwright, dancer, and patron of the arts<\/strong> who made significant contributions during his rule.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Dance<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>A classical Indian dance form, <strong>Kathak, was introduced by him as a court dance<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><li>His Kathak teacher was Thakur Prasad ji.\u00a0<\/li><li>He provided artistic guidance, financial assistance to make this dance form achieve greater heights and a definite form.\u00a0<\/li><li>He is also <strong>believed to start two distinct forms of dance called Rahas and Raas.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Music<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>He patronized a <strong>light classical form of thumri music<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><li>Most famous is bhairavi thumri \u201cBabul Mora Naihar Chhooto Jaay\u201d\u00a0<\/li><li>He also supported and encourages ragas like Tilak, pilu, sendura, khammach, bhairvi and jhanjhauti.\u00a0<\/li><li>As a gifted musician he composed various musical compositions such as poems, prose and thumris, under a pseudonym Akhtarpiya.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Gazhals: <\/strong>Diwan-i-Akhtar and Husn-i-Akhtar\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Ragas: <\/strong>Jogi, Juhi, Shah-Pasand\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Hindustani theatre<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Establishment of Parikhaana \u2013 a place to teach music and dance to beautiful and talented girls by expert trainers.\u00a0<\/li><li>By staging Rasleela he promoted this theatre art form.\u00a0<\/li><li>Some historians and experts believe his to be the first playwright of the Hindustani theatre.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Playwright<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Radha Kanhaiyya Ka Qissa;\u00a0<\/li><li>Darya-i-Tashsq;\u00a0<\/li><li>Bhahar-i-Ulfat etc.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Poetry<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>He was known to use a poetic takhallus, a pen name used by poets, Qaisar.\u00a0<\/li><li>Works in poetry\u00a0<\/li><li>Sawat-ul-Qalub;\u00a0<\/li><li>Huzn-i-Akhtar\u00a0<\/li><li>He also patronized the famous poet Mirza Ghalib.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/cities\/kolkata\/remembering-a-long-forgotten-hero\/article67079887.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PIB Gov.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RBIs_SOPs_to_Banks_for_Rupee_Trade\"><\/span><strong>RBI\u2019s SOPs to Banks for Rupee Trade<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: <\/strong>General Studies \u20133 Economy\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_news-2\"><\/span><strong>Why in news? <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently,<strong> <\/strong>The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is set to issue a standard operating procedure (SOP) to banks in order to expedite the issuance of proofs of inward remittances for exporters.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About-3\"><\/span><strong>About:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>FIRC (Foreign Inward Remittance Certificate) is a document <strong>that acts as a<\/strong> <strong>testimonial for all the inward remittances entering India<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Most of the <strong>statutory authorities accept this document as proof that an individual or a business<\/strong>, such as a limited company, partnership firm, sole proprietorship firm and others, <strong>has received a payment in foreign currency from outside the country.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>Issues with FIRC\u00a0<ul><li>The issue with Foreign Inward Remittance Certificates (FIRC) arises when the certificate from one bank is not being sent to another, which hampers the generation of electronic bank realisation certificates (e-BRCs).\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This creates a problem for exporters as e-BRCs serve as proof of payment for their exports and make them eligible for benefits under the Foreign Trade Policy.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electronic_Bank_Realization_Certificatee-BRC\"><\/span>Electronic Bank Realization Certificate(e-BRC):&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>An Electronic Bank Realization Certificate(e-BRC) is a vital digital certificate for export businesses.\u202f\u00a0<\/li><li>A bank issues the e-BRC to\u202f<strong>confirm that the buyer made payment to the exporter against the export of services or goods.\u202f<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>The BRC is the proof of realization of payment against exports.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/business\/rbi-to-issue-sop-for-banks-to-expedite-rupee-trade\/article67090992.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Steel_Slag_Road\"><\/span><strong>Steel Slag Road<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: <\/strong>General Studies \u20132 Government Policies &amp; Intervention\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_news-3\"><\/span><strong>Why in news? <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently,<strong> <\/strong>India has developed the world\u2019s latest Steel Road technology by using steel slag.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About-4\"><\/span><strong>About:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Steel slag is a <strong>byproduct of steelmaking and is produced during the separation of molten steel from impurities in steel-making furnaces.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>Steel slag roads are roads constructed using steel slag. <strong>Instead of discarding this waste material, it is processed and used as an aggregate in road construction<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><li>The steel slag is mixed with other materials and technologies to create a durable and sustainable road surface.\u00a0<\/li><li>The technology, <strong>pioneered by CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), allows for the large-scale utilization of waste steel slag from steel plants in road construction.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>It is <strong>part of the \u201cWaste to Wealth\u201d initiative<\/strong> and addresses environmental degradation caused by waste steel slag.\u00a0<\/li><li>Steel slag roads are <strong>well-suited to India\u2019s terrain, offering cost savings of 30% and three times the lifespan of traditional roads.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>It is resistant to weather conditions.\u00a0<\/li><li>The success of steel slag roads has been demonstrated in various projects, <strong>including in Surat, Arunachal Pradesh, and on National Highway NH-66.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1940253#:~:text=Dr%20Jitendra%20Singh%2C%20who%20visited,and%20resistant%20to%20weather%20vagaries.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PIB Gov.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DPT3_vaccine_diphtheria_pertussis_and_tetanus_Vaccine_Immunisation_coverage\"><\/span><strong>DPT3 vaccine (diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus) Vaccine Immunisation coverage<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: <\/strong>General Studies \u20133 Health\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_news-4\"><\/span><strong>Why in news? <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently,<strong> <\/strong>according to the WHO and UNICEF estimates for national immunization coverage for 2022, the coverage rate for DPT3, the third dose of diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus vaccines, in India rose to an all-time of 93% in 2022.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/131f7722-026e-4c62-a2c9-3eb2da0eda67\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About-5\"><\/span><strong>About:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The DPT vaccine is a <strong>class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>Diphtheria\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>It is an infectious disease <strong>caused by Corynebacterium diphtheria<\/strong>, a bacterium.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>It can lead to <strong>difficulty breathing, heart failure, paralysis, or death<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Tetanus\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>It is an <strong>infection caused by bacteria called Clostridium tetani<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>It causes painful stiffening of the muscles.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Tetanus can lead to serious health problems, including being unable to open the mouth, having trouble swallowing and breathing, or death.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Pertussis\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>It is also <strong>known as whooping cough<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>It is a <strong>very contagious respiratory illness caused by a type of bacteria called Bordetella pertussis.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>It can cause uncontrollable, violent coughing that makes it hard to breathe, eat, or drink.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Pertussis can be extremely serious especially in babies and young children, causing pneumonia, convulsions, brain damage, or death.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>In teens and adults, it can cause weight loss, loss of bladder control, passing out, and rib fractures from severe coughing.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Findings\"><\/span><strong>Key Findings:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The coverage rate for <strong>DPT3 vaccines (diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus) in India reached an all-time high of 93% in 2022, surpassing the pre-pandemic record of 91% in 2019.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>This significant increase from the 85% coverage in 2021 was reported by the World Health Organization (WHO).\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The region <strong>also witnessed improvements in the coverage of the measles vaccine, which rose to 92% in 2022 from 86% in 2021.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>The number of zero-dose children (those who haven\u2019t received any dose of the DPT vaccine) halved to 2.3 million in 2022 from 4.6 million in 2021, while the number of partially vaccinated children decreased to 650,000 in 2022 from 1.3 million in 2021.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>India and Indonesia were credited for the region\u2019s strong immunization recoveries<\/strong>, as they made significant efforts to improve vaccination rates.\u00a0<\/li><li>The report highlighted the <strong>importance of closing gaps in immunization coverage at the subnational level to prevent outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: T<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/india-recorded-all-time-high-of-93-dpt3-immunisation-coverage-in-2022-who\/article67094235.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">he Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cicada_species\"><\/span><strong>Cicada species<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: <\/strong>General Studies \u2013 3 Conservation, Environmental Pollution &amp; Degradation\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_news-5\"><\/span><strong>Why in news? <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently,<strong> <\/strong>a cicada species commonly found in several parts of South India has been identified as a new species and named Purana cheeveeda (after its Malayalam name Cheeveedu).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About-6\"><\/span><strong>About:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/da96d93b-4aa7-41f1-ba03-7583bbe58aca\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Previously, it was mistaken for Purana tigrina, a species described in Malaysia in 1850.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The Association for Advancement in Entomology has corrected this long-standing error in taxonomic identification, distinguishing Purana cheeveeda from the Malaysian species.\u00a0<\/li><li>The team noticed differences in the structure of the male genitalia and operculum, leading to the reclassification.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cicadas\"><\/span>Cicadas:&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Cicadas are <strong>insects that belong to the order Hemiptera and the superfamily Cicadoidea.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Hemipteran insects, also called true bugs<\/strong>, have mouthparts used for piercing and sucking and have two pairs of wings.\u00a0<\/li><li>They <strong>have large eyes, transparent wings and loud calls<\/strong> that are produced by special organs called tymbals.\u00a0<\/li><li>Cicadas are <strong>mostly herbivorous and feed on plant sap<\/strong> using their piercing and sucking mouthparts.\u00a0<\/li><li>Habitat:\u00a0<ul><li>Most cicadas are canopy dwellers and are <strong>found in natural forests with large trees; found in every continent except Antarctica.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>The generic diversity of cicadas in India and Bangladesh ranks the highest in the world, followed by China.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Significance:\u00a0<ul><li>Cicadas are important for biodiversity because they provide food for many predators, pollinate flowers, aerate the soil, recycle nutrients and indicate environmental health.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_bangalore\/issues\/43880\/OPS\/GLDBG9JUF.1+G11BG9MHT.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gambusia\"><\/span><strong>Gambusia<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: <\/strong>General Studies \u20131 Environment, Conservation\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_news-6\"><\/span><strong>Why in news? <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently,<strong> <\/strong>The Andhra Pradesh government has released approximately 10 million Gambusia fish into the state\u2019s water bodies to combat mosquito-borne diseases like malaria and dengue.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About-7\"><\/span><strong>About:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/8d21a9c6-0e23-423f-ba7d-65f7caeff31b\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Gambusia Fish <strong>is also known as mosquito fish<\/strong>, is widely <strong>used as a biological agent for controlling mosquito larvae.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>Gambusia fish are <strong>known for their high breeding capacity and adaptability, allowing them to survive in diverse environments.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>It is <strong>native to the waters of the south-eastern United States<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><li>It has been a part of mosquito-control strategies for over a century in various parts of the world, including India.\u00a0<\/li><li>The fish is used as a <strong>biological agent to control mosquito larvae and has been part of mosquito-control strategies in India since 1928.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li><li>A <strong>single full-grown fish eats about 100 to 300 mosquito larvae per day<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><li>The International Union for Conservation of Nature declare Gambusia one of the 100 worst invasive alien species in the world.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/news\/wildlife-and-biodiversity\/gambusia-this-solution-could-actually-be-an-invasive-problem-90665\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Down to Earth<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Daily current affairs refer to the most recent and relevant events, developments, and news stories that are happening around the world on a day-to-day basis. These can encompass a wide range of topics, including politics, economics, science, technology, sports, and more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Staying updated with daily current affairs is crucial because it helps individuals make informed decisions in their personal and professional lives. It enables people to understand the world around them, stay aware of significant events, and engage in informed discussions about important issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\"><\/span>Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: There are various sources for daily current affairs, including newspapers, news websites, television news broadcasts, radio programs, and dedicated apps or newsletters. Social media platforms are also widely used to share and access current affairs information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\"><\/span>Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: To incorporate daily current affairs into your routine, consider setting aside specific times each day to read or watch news updates. You can also subscribe to newsletters or follow news apps to receive curated content. Engaging in discussions with peers or participating in online forums can further enhance your understanding of current events.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: When analyzing daily current affairs, it&#8217;s essential to cross-reference information from multiple sources to ensure accuracy. Additionally, consider the source&#8217;s credibility and bias, if any. Develop the ability to identify the main points and implications of news stories, and critically evaluate the significance and impact of the events reported.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants, we explore the latest developments that hold relevance for the upcoming civil services examination.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":16597,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[265],"tags":[160,161,232,140],"class_list":["post-16589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs-upsc","tag-upsc","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16589","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16589"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16589\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16600,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16589\/revisions\/16600"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16597"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}