{"id":16957,"date":"2023-11-22T07:15:57","date_gmt":"2023-11-22T07:15:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=16957"},"modified":"2024-02-05T11:51:49","modified_gmt":"2024-02-05T11:51:49","slug":"what-is-the-basic-principle-behind-vaccine-development-how-do-vaccines-work-what-approaches-were-adopted-by-the-indian-vaccine-manufacturers-to-produce-covid-19-vaccines-250-words-15-marks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-is-the-basic-principle-behind-vaccine-development-how-do-vaccines-work-what-approaches-were-adopted-by-the-indian-vaccine-manufacturers-to-produce-covid-19-vaccines-250-words-15-marks\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the basic principle behind Vaccine development? How do vaccines work? What approaches were adopted by the Indian vaccine manufacturers to produce COVID-19 vaccines ? (250 Words 15 Marks)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-gs-advance-and-mentorship-program-ampcsat?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Link&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Advanced\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43397\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Vaccine development stimulates the immune system to recognize and combat pathogens. Vaccines work by introducing harmless components of the pathogen, triggering an immune response that provides future protection. Indian COVID-19 vaccines, like Covaxin and Covishield, employ traditional inactivated virus and viral vector technologies, ensuring robust immune defense.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 3 Mains 2022<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2022\/\">UPSC Mains Civil Services IAS Exam Question Paper \u2013 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a14bc94b1f76\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a14bc94b1f76\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-is-the-basic-principle-behind-vaccine-development-how-do-vaccines-work-what-approaches-were-adopted-by-the-indian-vaccine-manufacturers-to-produce-covid-19-vaccines-250-words-15-marks\/#Approach\" title=\"Approach&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Approach&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-is-the-basic-principle-behind-vaccine-development-how-do-vaccines-work-what-approaches-were-adopted-by-the-indian-vaccine-manufacturers-to-produce-covid-19-vaccines-250-words-15-marks\/#Introduction\" title=\"Introduction&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Introduction&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-is-the-basic-principle-behind-vaccine-development-how-do-vaccines-work-what-approaches-were-adopted-by-the-indian-vaccine-manufacturers-to-produce-covid-19-vaccines-250-words-15-marks\/#Body\" title=\"Body&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Body&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-is-the-basic-principle-behind-vaccine-development-how-do-vaccines-work-what-approaches-were-adopted-by-the-indian-vaccine-manufacturers-to-produce-covid-19-vaccines-250-words-15-marks\/#Working_of_vaccine\" title=\"Working of vaccine&nbsp;\">Working of vaccine&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-is-the-basic-principle-behind-vaccine-development-how-do-vaccines-work-what-approaches-were-adopted-by-the-indian-vaccine-manufacturers-to-produce-covid-19-vaccines-250-words-15-marks\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion&nbsp;\">Conclusion&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-is-the-basic-principle-behind-vaccine-development-how-do-vaccines-work-what-approaches-were-adopted-by-the-indian-vaccine-manufacturers-to-produce-covid-19-vaccines-250-words-15-marks\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_8792740517\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 8792740517.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 8792740517.&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Approach\"><\/span>Approach&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Indroduce with emphasising the keyword Vaccine development priciple and process .&nbsp;<\/li><li>Describe the making methodology of laboratory with the scientific approach ,relevant with COVID -19 vaccines .&nbsp;<\/li><li>Briefly detail the manufacturing&nbsp; process of Indian manufactures are followed&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Accordingly conclude it.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The basic principle behind vaccine development is <strong>to expose the body to a weakened or inactivated form of a pathogen, such as a virus or bacteria, in order to stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against it<\/strong>. When the body is exposed to the actual pathogen at a later time, the immune system is already prepared to fight it and can provide protection from illness.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Body\"><\/span>Body&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The principle of vaccination is to <strong>induce protection against a pathogen by mimicking its natural interaction with the human immune system.<\/strong> To achieve this, the vaccine must contain antigens that are either derived from the pathogen or produced synthetically to represent components of the pathogen. Vaccines can be said to use \u2018memory\u2019 of the immune system.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/refer-and-earn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46428 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/refer-and-earn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Refer &amp; Earn NOW<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Working_of_vaccine\"><\/span>Working of vaccine&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Recognition:<\/strong> Vaccination works by recognising new antigens.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Producing antibodies<\/strong>:&nbsp; B-cells act as antigen producing factories.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Builds adaptive immune system<\/strong>: Once the vaccinated body is left with a supply of T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes that will remember how to fight that disease.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Memory creation<\/strong>: After the threat has passed, many of the antibodies will break down, but immune cells called memory cells remain in the body.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Approaches adopted by the Indian vaccine manufacturers to produce COVID-19 vaccines&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the initial phase of COVID-19, <strong>The Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) has granted the emergency-use approval for two indigenous vaccines: COVISHIELD by Serum Institute of India and COVAXIN by Bharat Biotech.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Covaxin is an inactivated vaccine whereas Covishield is a live vaccine. Live Vaccines use a weakened (or attenuated) form of the germ that causes a disease. Inactivated vaccines use active pathogens, killed either by a chemical or heat. Although the pathogen is killed, or made to lose its reproduction capacity, various parts of the pathogen are intact.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Corbevax <\/strong>\u2013 is a protein subunit vaccine, using a harmless Spike (S) protein.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Covavax <\/strong>\u2013 Recombinant Nanoparticle Vaccine&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"602\" height=\"350\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-326.png\" alt=\"Vaccine development \" class=\"wp-image-16958 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-326.png 602w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-326-585x340.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 602px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 602\/350;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;There are&nbsp; several approaches were taken by Indian vaccine manufacturers. The vaccines developed by<strong> Bharat Biotech u<\/strong>se an inactivated form of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the virus that causes COVID-19. The vaccine developed by <strong>Serum Institute of India u<\/strong>ses a live, attenuated form of the virus that has been genetically modified to be less virulent. All three vaccines have undergone clinical trials and have been shown to be safe and effective at providing protection against COVID-19.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Both vaccines require two doses to be effective, and have been shown to be effective at preventing severe disease and hospitalization due to COVID-19.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-a91d712c-3b2a-42fd-8911-23224b6cf0a1\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_8792740517\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 8792740517.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-19f5af5e-0a55-42a5-a63c-70f159b2e72f\">For UPSC Prelims Resources, <a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-ce5c9408-fc97-47c8-9a76-5075352140eb\">For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-d2d5bc7b-e0d0-4df9-9a06-972d23418ef1\">Join our Telegram Channel &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-fdd07932-9751-4e30-81f5-e9ee07f86680\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vaccine development stimulates the immune system to recognize and combat pathogens. Vaccines work by introducing harmless components<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":16966,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[185],"tags":[186,299,354,142,232,145,353],"class_list":["post-16957","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-upsc-mains-solved-papers","tag-general-studies-1","tag-geography-general-studies","tag-history","tag-previous_year_questions","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-mains-question-paper","tag-upsc-model-answers"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16957","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16957"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16957\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25578,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16957\/revisions\/25578"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16966"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16957"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16957"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16957"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}