{"id":17286,"date":"2023-11-23T11:05:56","date_gmt":"2023-11-23T11:05:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=17286"},"modified":"2024-01-20T08:36:53","modified_gmt":"2024-01-20T08:36:53","slug":"jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Jainism &#8211; UPSC Art &#038; Culture Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-history?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=History\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>In the sixth century BC, Jainism emerged as a result of widespread opposition to the formalized ritualism and hierarchical structure of the Vedic religion. <\/em><\/strong>Jainism is one of the religions whose origin can be traced back to the <strong><em>twenty-four teachers (Tirthankaras &#8211; those who establish a path or ford),<\/em><\/strong> through whom their faith is believed to have been handed down.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d76ce5e2cc8\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d76ce5e2cc8\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#Factors_Leading_to_the_Rise_of_Jainism_in_India\" title=\"Factors Leading to the Rise of Jainism in India\">Factors Leading to the Rise of Jainism in India<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#Historical_Background_of_Jainism\" title=\"Historical Background of Jainism\">Historical Background of Jainism<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#Life_and_Teachings_of_Mahavira\" title=\"Life and Teachings of Mahavira\">Life and Teachings of Mahavira<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#Jain_Councils\" title=\"Jain Councils\">Jain Councils<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#Teachings_of_Mahavira\" title=\"Teachings of Mahavira\">Teachings of Mahavira<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#Doctrine_of_Syadvada_and_Anekantavada\" title=\"Doctrine of Syadvada and Anekantavada\">Doctrine of Syadvada and Anekantavada<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#Sects_of_Jainism\" title=\"Sects of Jainism\">Sects of Jainism<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#Spread_of_Jainism_to_Other_Parts_of_India\" title=\"Spread of Jainism to Other Parts of India\">Spread of Jainism to Other Parts of India<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#Relevance_of_Jain_Ideology_in_Todays_World\" title=\"Relevance of Jain Ideology in Today&#8217;s World\">Relevance of Jain Ideology in Today&#8217;s World<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#1_FAQ_What_is_Jainism_and_who_was_its_founder\" title=\"1. FAQ: What is Jainism, and who was its founder?\">1. FAQ: What is Jainism, and who was its founder?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#2_FAQ_What_are_the_key_principles_of_Jainism\" title=\"2. FAQ: What are the key principles of Jainism?\">2. FAQ: What are the key principles of Jainism?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#3_FAQ_How_does_Jainism_view_the_concept_of_karma\" title=\"3. FAQ: How does Jainism view the concept of karma?\">3. FAQ: How does Jainism view the concept of karma?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#4_FAQ_What_is_the_significance_of_ahimsa_non-violence_in_Jainism\" title=\"4. FAQ: What is the significance of ahimsa (non-violence) in Jainism?\">4. FAQ: What is the significance of ahimsa (non-violence) in Jainism?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#5_FAQ_How_does_Jainism_view_the_concept_of_salvation_or_moksha\" title=\"5. FAQ: How does Jainism view the concept of salvation or moksha?\">5. FAQ: How does Jainism view the concept of salvation or moksha?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/jainism-upsc-art-culture-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Factors_Leading_to_the_Rise_of_Jainism_in_India\"><\/span><strong>Factors Leading to the Rise of Jainism in India<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jainism&#8217;s rise in India was shaped by a combination of historical and societal factors:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>PRELIMS-2018<\/strong><br>With reference to the religious practices in India, the \u201cSthanakvasi\u201d sect belongs to&nbsp;&nbsp;A. BuddhismB. JainismC. VaishnavismD. Shaivism<br>Ans-B<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Complex Religious Practices: <\/strong>During the later Vedic period, <strong><em>Indian society witnessed the proliferation of complex rituals and sacrifices<\/em><\/strong> that were often inaccessible and confusing for the common people. The sacrificial ceremonies were costly, and superstitious beliefs and mantras further distanced the masses.<\/li><li><strong>Domination of the Brahmins:<\/strong> The Brahmin caste declared themselves the upper Varna with the highest status in society, demanding numerous privileges. This led to <strong><em>social divisions and tensions.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Opposition from Kshatriyas and Vaishyas:<\/strong> The Kshatriyas (warrior class) and Vaishyas (merchants and farmers) strongly opposed the ritualistic dominance of the Brahmins.<\/li><li><strong>The Equality of Jainism:<\/strong> <strong><em>Jainism&#8217;s emphasis on equality attracted the masses, <\/em><\/strong>providing relief from the discriminations associated with the Varna system.<\/li><li><strong>Use of Simple Language: <\/strong>Mahavira&#8217;s religious message was communicated in a language that common people could understand. <strong><em>The use of vernacular language drew people to Jainism because it was in a language they spoke and understood well.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Simple Doctrine: <em>Vardhaman Mahavira&#8217;s Jainism offered a simpler path to liberation, <\/em><\/strong>making it more accessible than the complex Vedic rituals.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The ethical values and practical moralities advocated by Jainism, <strong><em>including non-violence, played a significant role in attracting followers.<\/em><\/strong> Its comparative simplicity offered an appealing alternative to the complex rituals of the Vedic religion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historical_Background_of_Jainism\"><\/span><strong>Historical Background of Jainism<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jainism traces its origins to twenty-four Tirthankaras, legendary spiritual teachers. Among them, the historicity of the last two, Parsvanatha and Mahavira, is confirmed by Buddhist sources. Let&#8217;s take a closer look at these Tirthankaras:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Adinath (Rishabhdev): <\/strong>Adinath, the first Tirthankara, is revered as the founder of the Ikshvaku dynasty.<\/li><li><strong>Ajita: <\/strong>Ajita is the second Tirthankara, contributing to the early development of Jainism.<\/li><li><strong>Neminatha:<\/strong> Neminatha, the twenty-second Tirthankara, played a crucial role in the faith&#8217;s evolution.<\/li><li><strong>Parsvanatha:<\/strong> The twenty-third Tirthankara, Parsvanatha, believed in the eternity of matter and advocated asceticism. His followers wore white garments.<\/li><li><strong>Mahavira:<\/strong> The twenty-fourth Tirthankara, known as Vardhamana Mahavira, was born in 540 BC in Kundagrama, near Vaishali, Bihar. Mahavira&#8217;s journey to enlightenment and his subsequent teachings are central to Jainism&#8217;s development.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Life_and_Teachings_of_Mahavira\"><\/span><strong>Life and Teachings of Mahavira<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Mahavira&#8217;s life and teachings form the cornerstone of Jainism:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Birth:<\/strong> Mahavira was born in <strong><em>Kundagrama, a suburb of Vaishali,<\/em><\/strong> in 540 BC. His parents were Siddhartha, the head of the Jnatrikas (a Kshatriya clan), and Trishala, a Lichchavi princess.&nbsp;<strong>Renunciation:<\/strong> At the age of thirty, <strong><em>Vardhamana left his home and embraced an ascetic life. For twelve years, he endured severe austerities,<\/em><\/strong> reflecting his deep commitment to his spiritual journey.&nbsp;<strong>Attainment of Supreme Knowledge:<\/strong> In the 13th year of his asceticism, at the age of 42, Mahavira attained the &#8220;Supreme Knowledge,&#8221; marking the beginning of his role as a spiritual teacher.&nbsp;<strong>Titles:<\/strong> He was later known as &#8220;<strong><em>Mahavira&#8221; (the supreme hero) or &#8220;Jina&#8221; (the conqueror). <\/em><\/strong>He was also hailed as &#8220;Nirgrantha.&#8221;&nbsp;<strong>Preachings:<\/strong> For the next thirty years, Mahavira traversed the regions of Kosala, Magadha, and beyond, spreading his doctrines. He emphasized the importance of non-violence and other moral virtues.&nbsp;<strong>Patronage:<\/strong> Mahavira often visited the courts of kings like Bimbisara and Ajatasatru, which facilitated the spread of Jainism.&nbsp;<strong>Death:<\/strong> Mahavira passed away in Pawa, near Rajagriha, at the age of 72 (468 BC).<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jain_Councils\"><\/span><strong>Jain Councils<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the history of Jainism, several councils played a pivotal role in preserving and codifying the teachings of Mahavira. Two notable Jain councils are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>First Jain Council (around 300 BC):<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Second Jain Council (512 AD):<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Venue:<\/strong> Pataliputra (Bihar)<strong>Presided by: <\/strong>Sthulbhadra<strong>Patronage: <\/strong>Chandragupta Maurya<strong>Outcome: S<\/strong>thulabhadra divided the Jaina canon into 12 &#8216;angas&#8217; or sections, and they were compiled.<\/td><td><strong>Venue: <\/strong>Vallabhi (Gujarat)<strong>Presided by:<\/strong> Devardhigani Kshemasarmana<strong>Patronage:<\/strong> N\/A<strong>Outcome:<\/strong> New additions were made in the form of &#8220;upangas&#8221; or minor sections.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The decisions and compilations made in these councils helped in preserving and organizing the Jain scriptures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Teachings_of_Mahavira\"><\/span><strong>Teachings of Mahavira<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Mahavira&#8217;s teachings primarily aimed at achieving liberation from the cycle of birth, life, pain, misery, and death, ultimately attaining a state of permanent bliss known as Moksha. <strong><em>Central to his teachings are the Pancha Mahavratas, the five vows that Jain monks adhere to:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ahimsa: Non-violence.<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Satya: Truthfulness.<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Asteya: Non-stealing.<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Aparigraha: Non-possessiveness.<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Brahmacharya: Chastity or celibacy for monks.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These vows guide the conduct of Jain monks and form the moral foundation of Jainism. Mahavira accepted most of the religious doctrines laid down by Parsvanatha and added the fifth vow of chastity. Householders, in addition to these vows, followed an extended set of vows called Anuvratas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mahavira&#8217;s teachings were centered around the soul (jiva) and matter (ajiva) as the fundamental elements of existence. He believed that the soul is trapped by past desires, and liberation can be achieved through a life of purity, virtue, and renunciation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><br><strong>Samyak Darshan: Right belief.<\/strong><strong>Samyak Gyan: Right knowledge.<\/strong><strong>Samyak Charitra: Right conduct.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Jainism introduced the concept of Ratnatraya, the &#8220;Three Jewels,&#8221; <\/em><\/strong>as a guide to achieving liberation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mahavira&#8217;s teachings emphasized that individuals create their own destiny and can attain Moksha by leading a life of purity, virtue, and renunciation. The path to liberation required a life of severe asceticism and extreme penance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-cse-gs-integrated-course?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Integrated\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42401 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Doctrine_of_Syadvada_and_Anekantavada\"><\/span><strong>Doctrine of Syadvada and Anekantavada<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jainism incorporates two key philosophical doctrines:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Syadvada (Theory of Judgment):&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Anekantavada:<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Syadvada is the belief that all ordinary knowledge is inherently partial and relative to particular points of view. This concept asserts that identity and difference both exist in reality, a perspective rooted in intellectual humility.<\/td><td>Anekantavada posits that ultimate truth is multifaceted and possesses multiple aspects. It is a doctrine of non-absolutism, emphasizing intellectual ahimsa, religious pluralism, and a rejection of fanaticism. Anekantavada encourages a nuanced and open-minded approach to understanding reality.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sects_of_Jainism\"><\/span><strong>Sects of Jainism<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Jain tradition has evolved into two major sects, Svetambara and Digambara, which are distinguished by their beliefs, practices, and attire:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Svetambaras:<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Digambaras:<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Led by Sthulbhadra.Adorn white clothes.Believe in the validity and sacredness of the twelve angas and sutras.Accept that women can attain liberation.Generally worship idols that are adorned and clothed.Have various sub-sects like Murtipujakas, Sthanakavasis, and more.<\/td><td>Led by Bhadrabahu in the past.Ascetic monks practice complete nudity.Generally believe in a different set of scriptures and follow their own monastic code.Believe that women cannot attain liberation.Worship nude Tirthankara idols.Include sub-sects like Bisapantha, Terapantha, and others.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>These sects emerged as a result of historical schisms and differing interpretations of Jain doctrine. They maintain distinct traditions and practices, adding to the diversity within the Jain community.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Spread_of_Jainism_to_Other_Parts_of_India\"><\/span><strong>Spread of Jainism to Other Parts of India<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jainism spread to various parts of India during and after Mahavira&#8217;s lifetime. Several factors facilitated this expansion:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Contribution of Mahavira:<\/strong> Mahavira&#8217;s active propagation of his teachings and his simple, ascetic lifestyle attracted people to Jainism.<\/li><li><strong>Role of Jain Monks:<\/strong> Jain monks played a crucial role in spreading the faith through scholarly discussions, personal examples of simplicity, and spiritual guidance.<\/li><li><strong>Royal Patronage:<\/strong> Many rulers and kings, including Chandragupta Maurya, embraced Jainism, providing royal patronage and support for its growth.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Jainism&#8217;s influence extended across India, with Mathura and Ujjain becoming prominent centers during the early centuries of the Common Era. The migration of Jain scholars and communities to different regions contributed to the religion&#8217;s broader appeal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relevance_of_Jain_Ideology_in_Todays_World\"><\/span><strong>Relevance of Jain Ideology in Today&#8217;s World<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The teachings and principles of Jainism remain highly relevant in the contemporary world:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>PRELIMS<\/strong>Which of the following statements is\/are applicable to Jain doctrine?&nbsp;The surest way of annihilating Karma is to practice penance.Every object, even the smallest particle, has a soul.Karma is the bane of the soul and must be ended.Select the correct answer using the codes given below:&nbsp;A. 1 onlyB. 2 and 3 onlyC. 1 and 3 onlyD. 1, 2 and 3<br>Ans-d<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Anektavada and Non-Violence:<\/strong> Anektavada&#8217;s emphasis on intellectual humility and the principle of non-violence, ahimsa, are valuable in today&#8217;s world, particularly in the quest for global peace and harmony. In an era of nuclear weapons and increasing conflicts, the principle of non-violence gains heightened significance.<\/li><li><strong>Aparigraha: <\/strong>The concept of Aparigraha, non-possessiveness, can help individuals curb consumerism and materialism, promoting a more sustainable and mindful lifestyle.<\/li><li><strong>Empowerment of Women:<\/strong> Jainism&#8217;s recognition of women&#8217;s potential to attain liberation challenges traditional gender norms. In the modern world, these teachings can foster gender equality and women&#8217;s empowerment.<\/li><li><strong>Ratnatraya:<\/strong> The three jewels of right belief, knowledge, and conduct provide a moral compass that is relevant in today&#8217;s complex and dynamic world.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Jainism&#8217;s core values, rooted in truth, non-violence, and spiritual pursuit, continue to inspire individuals seeking a path to enlightenment and a harmonious existence. In an age marked by complexity and conflict, Jainism offers timeless wisdom for a more peaceful and balanced world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_FAQ_What_is_Jainism_and_who_was_its_founder\"><\/span><strong>1. FAQ: What is Jainism, and who was its founder?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Answer:<\/em> Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that emphasizes non-violence (ahimsa), truth, and asceticism. It was founded by Lord Mahavira, who is considered the 24th Tirthankara, or spiritual teacher, in the Jain tradition. He lived in the 6th century BCE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_FAQ_What_are_the_key_principles_of_Jainism\"><\/span><strong>2. FAQ: What are the key principles of Jainism?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Answer:<\/em> Jainism is based on three fundamental principles, known as the Three Jewels: Right Faith (Samyak Darshana), Right Knowledge (Samyak Jnana), and Right Conduct (Samyak Charitra). The path to spiritual liberation involves practicing non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, and non-attachment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_FAQ_How_does_Jainism_view_the_concept_of_karma\"><\/span><strong>3. FAQ: How does Jainism view the concept of karma?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Answer:<\/em> In Jainism, karma is seen as a subtle matter that adheres to the soul due to one&#8217;s actions. The accumulation of karma influences the soul&#8217;s future experiences and lifetimes. Jains believe in minimizing the influx of new karma through righteous conduct, leading to spiritual purification and eventual liberation from the cycle of birth and death (samsara).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_FAQ_What_is_the_significance_of_ahimsa_non-violence_in_Jainism\"><\/span><strong>4. FAQ: What is the significance of ahimsa (non-violence) in Jainism?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Answer:<\/em> Ahimsa is a central tenet in Jainism, advocating absolute non-violence towards all living beings. Jains are encouraged to practice ahimsa in thought, word, and deed. This principle extends to strict vegetarianism and careful consideration of one&#8217;s actions to avoid causing harm to any form of life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_FAQ_How_does_Jainism_view_the_concept_of_salvation_or_moksha\"><\/span><strong>5. FAQ: How does Jainism view the concept of salvation or moksha?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Answer:<\/em> Jainism teaches that achieving moksha, or liberation from the cycle of rebirth, is the ultimate goal. This is attained by purifying the soul through rigorous spiritual practices, adherence to ethical principles, and the elimination of karmic bondage. The liberated soul, known as a Siddha, is free from the cycle of birth and death, experiencing eternal bliss and omniscience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jainism is one of the religions whose origin can be traced back to the twenty-four teachers (Tirthankaras &#8211; those who establish a path or ford), through whom their faith is believed to have been handed down.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":17287,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[379],"tags":[380,186,562,232,213,140],"class_list":["post-17286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-art-and-culture","tag-art-culture","tag-general-studies-1","tag-jainism","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17286","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17286"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17286\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22810,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17286\/revisions\/22810"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17287"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}