{"id":18875,"date":"2023-12-08T12:21:02","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T12:21:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=18875"},"modified":"2023-12-08T12:21:07","modified_gmt":"2023-12-08T12:21:07","slug":"upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Daily Current Affairs &#8211; 08th December 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-prelims-support-program-with-test-series\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"300\" data-id=\"47045\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/bannner-1600-x-1600-2400-x-1392-px-1280-x-300-px-1024x300.png\" alt=\"PSP 2025\" class=\"wp-image-47045\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants, we explore the latest developments that hold relevance for the upcoming civil services examination. Our focus today includes a critical analysis of recent policy changes, international affairs, and national developments, all of which play a pivotal role in shaping the socio-political and economic landscape of India. Stay informed and stay ahead in your UPSC preparations with our daily current affairs updates, as we provide you with concise, well-researched insights to help you connect the dots between contemporary events and the broader canvas of the civil services syllabus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d153e4a9ddf\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d153e4a9ddf\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Caste-based_violence\" title=\"Caste-based violence\u00a0\u00a0\">Caste-based violence\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#In_News\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#How_Widespread_are_Caste-Based_Crimes_in_India\" title=\"How Widespread are Caste-Based Crimes in India?&nbsp;\">How Widespread are Caste-Based Crimes in India?&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Regional_Disparities_in_Crime_Rates_and_Charge_Sheets\" title=\"Regional Disparities in Crime Rates and Charge Sheets&nbsp;\">Regional Disparities in Crime Rates and Charge Sheets&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Causes_Behind_Caste-Based_Crimes_in_India\" title=\"Causes Behind Caste-Based Crimes in India&nbsp;\">Causes Behind Caste-Based Crimes in India&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Caste_System_and_Hierarchical_Structure\" title=\"Caste System and Hierarchical Structure\u00a0\">Caste System and Hierarchical Structure\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Influence_of_Social_Norms_and_Cultural_Beliefs\" title=\"Influence of Social Norms and Cultural Beliefs\u00a0\">Influence of Social Norms and Cultural Beliefs\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Economic_Exploitation_as_a_Motivating_Factor\" title=\"Economic Exploitation as a Motivating Factor\u00a0\">Economic Exploitation as a Motivating Factor\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Challenges_Arising_from_Inter-Caste_Marriages\" title=\"Challenges Arising from Inter-Caste Marriages\u00a0\">Challenges Arising from Inter-Caste Marriages\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Inadequate_Implementation_of_Laws\" title=\"Inadequate Implementation of Laws\u00a0\">Inadequate Implementation of Laws\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Ramifications_of_Caste-Based_Crimes\" title=\"Ramifications of Caste-Based Crimes&nbsp;\">Ramifications of Caste-Based Crimes&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Violation_of_Human_Rights\" title=\"Violation of Human Rights\u00a0\">Violation of Human Rights\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Social_Fragmentation\" title=\"Social Fragmentation\u00a0\">Social Fragmentation\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Fear_and_Insecurity\" title=\"Fear and Insecurity\u00a0\">Fear and Insecurity\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Impediments_to_Development_and_Empowerment\" title=\"Impediments to Development and Empowerment\u00a0\">Impediments to Development and Empowerment\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Erosion_of_Trust_in_Institutions\" title=\"Erosion of Trust in Institutions\u00a0\">Erosion of Trust in Institutions\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Impact_on_International_Reputation\" title=\"Impact on International Reputation\u00a0\">Impact on International Reputation\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Safeguards_Against_Caste-Based_Discrimination_in_India\" title=\"Safeguards Against Caste-Based Discrimination in India&nbsp;\">Safeguards Against Caste-Based Discrimination in India&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Constitutional_Provisions\" title=\"Constitutional Provisions\u00a0\">Constitutional Provisions\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Constitutional_Bodies\" title=\"Constitutional Bodies\u00a0\">Constitutional Bodies\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Statutory_Provision\" title=\"Statutory Provision\u00a0\">Statutory Provision\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Possible_Solutions_to_Address_Caste-Based_Crimes_in_India\" title=\"Possible Solutions to Address Caste-Based Crimes in India\u00a0\">Possible Solutions to Address Caste-Based Crimes in India\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Promoting_Awareness_and_Sensitization\" title=\"Promoting Awareness and Sensitization\u00a0\">Promoting Awareness and Sensitization\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Empowering_SCs_and_STs\" title=\"Empowering SCs and STs\u00a0\">Empowering SCs and STs\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Fostering_Dialogue_and_Reconciliation\" title=\"Fostering Dialogue and Reconciliation\u00a0\">Fostering Dialogue and Reconciliation\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#AI_regulation_in_India\" title=\"AI regulation in India&nbsp;&nbsp;\">AI regulation in India&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#In_News-2\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Importance_of_Regulating_Artificial_Intelligence\" title=\"Importance of Regulating Artificial Intelligence&nbsp;\">Importance of Regulating Artificial Intelligence&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Addressing_Uncertainty_and_Risks\" title=\"Addressing Uncertainty and Risks\u00a0\">Addressing Uncertainty and Risks\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Transparency_Challenges\" title=\"Transparency Challenges\u00a0\">Transparency Challenges\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Inherent_Inaccuracy_and_Biases\" title=\"Inherent Inaccuracy and Biases\u00a0\">Inherent Inaccuracy and Biases\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Unpredictable_Future_Behaviour\" title=\"Unpredictable Future Behaviour\u00a0\">Unpredictable Future Behaviour\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Global_Approaches_to_AI_Governance_A_Comparative_Analysis\" title=\"Global Approaches to AI Governance: A Comparative Analysis&nbsp;\">Global Approaches to AI Governance: A Comparative Analysis&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#India\" title=\"India\u00a0\">India\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#NITI_Aayog\" title=\"NITI Aayog\u00a0\">NITI Aayog\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#United_Kingdom\" title=\"United Kingdom\u00a0\">United Kingdom\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#United_States\" title=\"United States\u00a0\">United States\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#China\" title=\"China\u00a0\">China\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#India_Infrastructure_Report_2023\" title=\"India Infrastructure Report 2023&nbsp;\">India Infrastructure Report 2023&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#In_News-3\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Key_Highlights_from_the_India_Infrastructure_Report\" title=\"Key Highlights from the India Infrastructure Report&nbsp;\">Key Highlights from the India Infrastructure Report&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Thematic_Emphasis_on_Urban_Challenges\" title=\"Thematic Emphasis on Urban Challenges\u00a0\">Thematic Emphasis on Urban Challenges\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Critique_of_Planning_Mechanisms\" title=\"Critique of Planning Mechanisms\u00a0\">Critique of Planning Mechanisms\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Low_Floor_Space_Indices_FSIs_and_Urban_Sprawl\" title=\"Low Floor Space Indices (FSIs) and Urban Sprawl\u00a0\">Low Floor Space Indices (FSIs) and Urban Sprawl\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Financial_Management_of_Urban_Local_Bodies\" title=\"Financial Management of Urban Local Bodies\u00a0\">Financial Management of Urban Local Bodies\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#The_Present_Urban_Landscape_in_India\" title=\"The Present Urban Landscape in India&nbsp;\">The Present Urban Landscape in India&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Grain_Storage_Plan_in_Cooperative_Sector\" title=\"Grain Storage Plan in Cooperative Sector&nbsp;\">Grain Storage Plan in Cooperative Sector&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#In_News-4\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Grain_Storage_Initiative_in_the_Cooperative_Sector_Empowering_Agriculture\" title=\"Grain Storage Initiative in the Cooperative Sector: Empowering Agriculture\u00a0\">Grain Storage Initiative in the Cooperative Sector: Empowering Agriculture\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Holistic_Infrastructure_Development\" title=\"Holistic Infrastructure Development\u00a0\">Holistic Infrastructure Development\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Strategic_Scheme_Convergence\" title=\"Strategic Scheme Convergence\u00a0\">Strategic Scheme Convergence\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Implementation_Partners_and_Progress\" title=\"Implementation Partners and Progress\u00a0\">Implementation Partners and Progress\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Oversight_Committees_for_Effective_Implementation\" title=\"Oversight Committees for Effective Implementation\u00a0\">Oversight Committees for Effective Implementation\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Empowering_Farmers\" title=\"Empowering Farmers\u00a0\">Empowering Farmers\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Ministry_of_Agriculture_Initiatives_to_Tackle_Food_Grain_Shortage\" title=\"Ministry of Agriculture Initiatives to Tackle Food Grain Shortage&nbsp;\">Ministry of Agriculture Initiatives to Tackle Food Grain Shortage&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Agriculture_Infrastructure_Fund_AIF\" title=\"Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF)\u00a0\">Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF)\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Pradhan_Mantri_Annadata_Aay_SanraksHan_Abhiyan_PM-AASHA\" title=\"Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA)\u00a0\">Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA)\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Market_Intervention_Scheme_MIS\" title=\"Market Intervention Scheme (MIS)\u00a0\">Market Intervention Scheme (MIS)\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Bhartiya_Beej_Sahakari_Samiti_Limited_BBSSL\" title=\"Bhartiya Beej Sahakari Samiti Limited (BBSSL)\u00a0\">Bhartiya Beej Sahakari Samiti Limited (BBSSL)\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#%E2%80%98Group_of_Companies_Doctrine\" title=\"\u2018Group of Companies\u2019 Doctrine&nbsp;\">\u2018Group of Companies\u2019 Doctrine&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#In_News-5\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Understanding_the_%E2%80%98Group_of_Companies_Doctrine\" title=\"Understanding the &#8216;Group of Companies&#8217; Doctrine&nbsp;\">Understanding the &#8216;Group of Companies&#8217; Doctrine&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Overview\" title=\"Overview\u00a0\">Overview\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Arbitration_Mechanism\" title=\"Arbitration Mechanism\u00a0\">Arbitration Mechanism\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#International_Arbitration_Basis\" title=\"International Arbitration Basis\u00a0\">International Arbitration Basis\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Indian_Recognition_and_Application\" title=\"Indian Recognition and Application\u00a0\">Indian Recognition and Application\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Factors_Considered_by_the_Courts\" title=\"Factors Considered by the Courts\u00a0\">Factors Considered by the Courts\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Objective_of_Introducing_the_Doctrine_in_India\" title=\"Objective of Introducing the Doctrine in India\u00a0\">Objective of Introducing the Doctrine in India\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Recent_Supreme_Court_Ruling\" title=\"Recent Supreme Court Ruling\u00a0\">Recent Supreme Court Ruling\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Pulsars\" title=\"Pulsars&nbsp;\">Pulsars&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#In_News-6\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Exploring_Pulsars_Marvels_of_Cosmic_Regularity\" title=\"Exploring Pulsars: Marvels of Cosmic Regularity&nbsp;\">Exploring Pulsars: Marvels of Cosmic Regularity&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Pulsars_Defined\" title=\"Pulsars Defined\u00a0\">Pulsars Defined\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Energetic_Light_Beams\" title=\"Energetic Light Beams\u00a0\">Energetic Light Beams\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-75\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Pulsar_Illumination\" title=\"Pulsar Illumination\u00a0\">Pulsar Illumination\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-76\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Pulsar_Masses\" title=\"Pulsar Masses\u00a0\">Pulsar Masses\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-77\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Understanding_Neutron_Stars_Celestial_Densities_Unleashed\" title=\"Understanding Neutron Stars: Celestial Densities Unleashed&nbsp;\">Understanding Neutron Stars: Celestial Densities Unleashed&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-78\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Formation_Process\" title=\"Formation Process\u00a0\">Formation Process\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-79\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Critical_Mass_Range\" title=\"Critical Mass Range\u00a0\">Critical Mass Range\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-80\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Widespread_Galactic_Presence\" title=\"Widespread Galactic Presence\u00a0\">Widespread Galactic Presence\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-81\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Elephant_Endotheliotropic_Herpesvirus\" title=\"Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus&nbsp;\">Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-82\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#In_News-7\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-83\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Understanding_Elephant_Endotheliotropic_Herpesvirus_EEHV\" title=\"Understanding Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus (EEHV)&nbsp;\">Understanding Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus (EEHV)&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-84\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Viral_Classification\" title=\"Viral Classification\u00a0\">Viral Classification\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-85\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Targeted_Species_and_Severity\" title=\"Targeted Species and Severity\u00a0\">Targeted Species and Severity\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-86\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Mode_of_Transmission\" title=\"Mode of Transmission\u00a0\">Mode of Transmission\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-87\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Manifestation_of_Symptoms\" title=\"Manifestation of Symptoms\u00a0\">Manifestation of Symptoms\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-88\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Treatment_Approaches\" title=\"Treatment Approaches\u00a0\">Treatment Approaches\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-89\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Challenges_in_Addressing_Herpesviruses\" title=\"Challenges in Addressing Herpesviruses\u00a0\">Challenges in Addressing Herpesviruses\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-90\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Megamouth_Shark\" title=\"Megamouth Shark&nbsp;\">Megamouth Shark&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-91\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#In_News-8\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-92\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#The_Enigmatic_Megamouth_Shark_Unveiled\" title=\"The Enigmatic Megamouth Shark Unveiled&nbsp;\">The Enigmatic Megamouth Shark Unveiled&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-93\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Species_Identification\" title=\"Species Identification\u00a0\">Species Identification\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-94\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Geographical_Distribution\" title=\"Geographical Distribution\u00a0\">Geographical Distribution\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-95\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Preferred_Habitat\" title=\"Preferred Habitat\u00a0\">Preferred Habitat\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-96\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Elusive_Nature\" title=\"Elusive Nature\u00a0\">Elusive Nature\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-97\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Distinctive_Features\" title=\"Distinctive Features\u00a0\">Distinctive Features\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-98\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Feeding_Behaviour\" title=\"Feeding Behaviour\u00a0\">Feeding Behaviour\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-99\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Conservation_Status\" title=\"Conservation Status\u00a0\">Conservation Status\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-100\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Solar_Orbiter\" title=\"Solar Orbiter&nbsp;\">Solar Orbiter&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-101\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#In_News-9\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-102\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Unveiling_Solar_Orbiter_A_Sun-Centric_Observatory\" title=\"Unveiling Solar Orbiter: A Sun-Centric Observatory&nbsp;\">Unveiling Solar Orbiter: A Sun-Centric Observatory&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-103\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Scientific_Marvel\" title=\"Scientific Marvel\u00a0\">Scientific Marvel\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-104\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Mission_Objectives\" title=\"Mission Objectives\u00a0\">Mission Objectives\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-105\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Collaborative_Initiative\" title=\"Collaborative Initiative\u00a0\">Collaborative Initiative\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-106\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Unprecedented_Complexity\" title=\"Unprecedented Complexity\u00a0\">Unprecedented Complexity\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-107\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Mission_Timeline\" title=\"Mission Timeline\u00a0\">Mission Timeline\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-108\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Orbital_Dynamics\" title=\"Orbital Dynamics\u00a0\">Orbital Dynamics\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-109\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Instrumentation\" title=\"Instrumentation\u00a0\">Instrumentation\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-110\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Extended_Mission_Duration\" title=\"Extended Mission Duration\u00a0\">Extended Mission Duration\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-111\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Multiple_Sclerosis\" title=\"Multiple Sclerosis&nbsp;\">Multiple Sclerosis&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-112\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#In_News-10\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-113\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Understanding_Multiple_Sclerosis_MS\" title=\"Understanding Multiple Sclerosis (MS)&nbsp;\">Understanding Multiple Sclerosis (MS)&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-114\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Nature_of_the_Disease\" title=\"Nature of the Disease\u00a0\">Nature of the Disease\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-115\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Immune_System_Involvement\" title=\"Immune System Involvement\u00a0\">Immune System Involvement\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-116\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Consequences_of_Myelin_Damage\" title=\"Consequences of Myelin Damage\u00a0\">Consequences of Myelin Damage\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-117\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Progression_and_Permanent_Damage\" title=\"Progression and Permanent Damage\u00a0\">Progression and Permanent Damage\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-118\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Demographic_Impact\" title=\"Demographic Impact\u00a0\">Demographic Impact\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-119\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Diverse_Causes\" title=\"Diverse Causes\u00a0\">Diverse Causes\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-120\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Varied_Signs_and_Symptoms\" title=\"Varied Signs and Symptoms\u00a0\">Varied Signs and Symptoms\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-121\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Treatment_Approach\" title=\"Treatment Approach\u00a0\">Treatment Approach\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-122\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-123\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are daily current affairs?\">Q: What are daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-124\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?\">Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-125\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\" title=\"Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?\">Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-126\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\" title=\"Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?\">Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-127\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?\">Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-128\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-129\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-december-2023\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caste-based_violence\"><\/span><strong>Caste-based violence\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-2 Polity, Vulnerable Sections in India.\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In a village in Banda, Uttar Pradesh, the dismembered body of a 40-year-old Dalit woman was discovered on the floor of an atta chakki. While the family alleges gang rape and murder by upper-caste men, the police contend it was an accident.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"885\" height=\"498\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-22.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18894 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-22.jpeg 885w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-22-585x329.jpeg 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 885px) 100vw, 885px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 885px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 885\/498;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Widespread_are_Caste-Based_Crimes_in_India\"><\/span><strong>How Widespread are Caste-Based Crimes in India?<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Caste-based crimes encompass a range of offenses such as physical assault, murder, rape, sexual harassment, torture, arson, social boycott, economic exploitation, land grabbing, forced displacement, and various forms of humiliation and violence.&nbsp;<\/li><li>As per the <strong>Annual Crime in India Report 2019<\/strong> from the <strong>National Crimes Records Bureau<\/strong>, <strong>crimes against Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) saw an increase of over 7% and 26%,<\/strong> respectively, in 2019.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The report also highlights that <strong>India records 88 rape cases daily, some of which are linked to caste-based crimes.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Regional_Disparities_in_Crime_Rates_and_Charge_Sheets\"><\/span><strong>Regional Disparities in Crime Rates and Charge Sheets<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Caste-based crimes are <strong>influenced by regional variations<\/strong> and diverse strategies employed by different states to combat them.&nbsp;<\/li><li>For instance, <strong>Madhya Pradesh (MP) had the highest crime rate against SCs in 2021<\/strong>, maintaining its position from 2020 and ranking second in 2019, behind Rajasthan.&nbsp;<\/li><li>However, data indicates that MP exhibited a higher rate of filing charge sheets compared to most other states.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Contrastingly, Rajasthan lagged significantly in this aspect, underscoring the need for enhanced efforts by state police.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Causes_Behind_Caste-Based_Crimes_in_India\"><\/span><strong>Causes Behind Caste-Based Crimes in India<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caste_System_and_Hierarchical_Structure\"><\/span><strong>Caste System and Hierarchical Structure<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The ancient caste system, based on descent and occupation, establishes a rigid hierarchical structure.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This structure fosters a sense of superiority among upper castes and generates feelings of inferiority among lower castes, resulting in discrimination and violence.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Influence_of_Social_Norms_and_Cultural_Beliefs\"><\/span><strong>Influence of Social Norms and Cultural Beliefs<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Social norms and cultural beliefs, often transmitted across generations, perpetuate the notion of caste-based superiority and inferiority.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>These ingrained norms normalize discriminatory attitudes, making it difficult to eradicate caste-based violence.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Economic_Exploitation_as_a_Motivating_Factor\"><\/span><strong>Economic Exploitation as a Motivating Factor<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Caste-based violence can be fuelled by economic motives, with lower caste individuals often subjected to exploitation, forced labour, and economic oppression by dominant caste groups.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This economic disparity can lead to conflicts and acts of violence.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Challenges_Arising_from_Inter-Caste_Marriages\"><\/span><strong>Challenges Arising from Inter-Caste Marriages<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Inter-caste marriages, challenging traditional caste boundaries, may face hostility and violence from conservative segments of society aiming to preserve caste purity.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Inadequate_Implementation_of_Laws\"><\/span><strong>Inadequate Implementation of Laws<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Lack of enforcement contributes to a culture of impunity for perpetrators.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ramifications_of_Caste-Based_Crimes\"><\/span><strong>Ramifications of Caste-Based Crimes<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Violation_of_Human_Rights\"><\/span><strong>Violation of Human Rights<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Caste-based violence leads to egregious human rights violations, infringing upon the right to life, dignity, equality, and liberty.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Social_Fragmentation\"><\/span><strong>Social Fragmentation<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Caste-based violence exacerbates social divisions, fostering animosity among different caste groups.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fear_and_Insecurity\"><\/span><strong>Fear and Insecurity<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The prevalence of caste-based violence instils fear and insecurity within marginalized communities.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This fear can lead to self-censorship and curtail the freedom of expression and movement for those affected.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Impediments_to_Development_and_Empowerment\"><\/span><strong>Impediments to Development and Empowerment<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Caste-based violence poses obstacles to the development and empowerment of marginalized communities, limiting their access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erosion_of_Trust_in_Institutions\"><\/span><strong>Erosion of Trust in Institutions<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Caste-based violence erodes trust in state institutions, law enforcement agencies, and the justice system.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Impact_on_International_Reputation\"><\/span><strong>Impact on International Reputation<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The persistence of caste-based violence adversely affects India&#8217;s international standing as a democratic and progressive nation.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Safeguards_Against_Caste-Based_Discrimination_in_India\"><\/span><strong>Safeguards Against Caste-Based Discrimination in India<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Constitutional_Provisions\"><\/span><strong>Constitutional Provisions<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Article 15, Article 16, Article 335, Article 330 and Article 332&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Constitutional_Bodies\"><\/span><strong>Constitutional Bodies<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>National Commission for Scheduled Castes&nbsp;<\/li><li>National Commission for Scheduled Tribes&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Statutory_Provision\"><\/span><strong>Statutory Provision<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act, 2018&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Possible_Solutions_to_Address_Caste-Based_Crimes_in_India\"><\/span><strong>Possible Solutions to Address Caste-Based Crimes in India<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Strengthening Legal Implementation<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li><li>Emphasize the rigorous enforcement of existing laws such as the <strong>SC\/ST Act, 1989<\/strong>; <strong>Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955<\/strong>; and <strong>Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Promoting_Awareness_and_Sensitization\"><\/span><strong>Promoting Awareness and Sensitization<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Conduct widespread awareness and sensitization campaigns involving all stakeholders, including upper castes, lower castes, civil society organizations, media, academia, religious leaders, and political parties.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Empowering_SCs_and_STs\"><\/span><strong>Empowering SCs and STs<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Implement measures to empower Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) through initiatives in education, employment, land rights, political representation, social mobilization, legal aid, and counselling services.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fostering_Dialogue_and_Reconciliation\"><\/span><strong>Fostering Dialogue and Reconciliation<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Encourage open dialogue to build trust and solidarity among different communities. Challenge stereotypes and prejudices while promoting respect for diversity and human dignity.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong>\u00a0<br><br><strong>Mains (2020)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q1.<\/strong>\u202fHas caste lost its relevance in understanding the multi-cultural Indian Society? Elaborate your answer with illustrations.\u202f\u00a0<br><strong>Mains (2018)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q2.<\/strong>\u202f\u201cCaste system is assuming new identities and associational forms. Hence caste system cannot be eradicated in India.\u201d Comment.\u202f\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/up-gang-rape-and-murder-of-dalit-woman-death-in-a-flour-mill\/article67612250.ece#:~:text=On%20the%20evening%20of%20her,step%20out%20of%20the%20mill.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AI_regulation_in_India\"><\/span><strong>AI regulation in India&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: GS-3 Environment<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-2\"><\/span><strong>In News<\/strong>: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In the past month, a video showcasing actor Rashmika Mandanna went viral on social media, eliciting a mix of surprise and dismay among netizens.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/f9027cbc-5f35-4d2f-bca3-c3dab7c89663\">[Text Wrapping Break]&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Importance_of_Regulating_Artificial_Intelligence\"><\/span><strong>Importance of Regulating Artificial Intelligence<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Addressing_Uncertainty_and_Risks\"><\/span><strong>Addressing Uncertainty and Risks<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>As artificial intelligence (AI) usage proliferates, the associated risks and uncertainties escalate.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The advancement of technology, enabling AI to perform diverse tasks, raises concerns that necessitate effective regulation.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Transparency_Challenges\"><\/span><strong>Transparency Challenges<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Certain AI tools function as &#8220;black boxes,&#8221; with their complexity surpassing full comprehension even by their creators.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This opacity raises questions about transparency, as the decision-making processes of these tools remain elusive, akin to a secret box generating outputs.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Inherent_Inaccuracy_and_Biases\"><\/span><strong>Inherent Inaccuracy and Biases<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>AI tools, exemplified by facial recognition software and language models like GPT-3 and GPT-4, have led to issues such as mistaken arrests and biased treatment.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Chatbots, while capable of producing high-quality content resembling human writing, may inadvertently generate inaccurate information or incorporate copyrighted material without authorization.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unpredictable_Future_Behaviour\"><\/span><strong>Unpredictable Future Behaviour<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>AI introduces a unique challenge due to the uncertainty surrounding its behaviour.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Unlike traditional engineering systems with predictable functionality, AI systems, particularly in domains like self-driving cars, pose challenges in anticipating their responses to novel situations.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Engineers cannot guarantee how these systems will perform in unforeseen circumstances.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Global_Approaches_to_AI_Governance_A_Comparative_Analysis\"><\/span><strong>Global Approaches to AI Governance: A Comparative Analysis<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"India\"><\/span><strong>India<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NITI_Aayog\"><\/span><strong>NITI Aayog<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India&#8217;s policy think tank, has released key documents addressing AI issues, including the <strong>National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence<\/strong> and the <strong>Responsible AI for All<\/strong> report.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>These emphasize social and economic inclusion, innovation, and trustworthiness.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"United_Kingdom\"><\/span><strong>United Kingdom<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The UK has adopted a light-touch approach, urging regulators in various sectors to apply existing regulations to AI.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>It published a white paper outlining five principles for companies: safety, security, and robustness; transparency and explain ability; fairness; accountability and governance; and contestability and redress.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"United_States\"><\/span><strong>United States<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The US introduced a <strong>Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights (AIBoR) <\/strong>highlighting the economic and civil rights harms associated with AI.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>It lays down five principles to mitigate these harms.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Unlike the EU&#8217;s horizontal approach, the US endorses a sector-specific governance strategy, allowing individual sectors such as health, labour, and education to develop their plans.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"China\"><\/span><strong>China<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In 2022, China implemented some of the world&#8217;s initial nationally binding regulations targeting specific types of algorithms and AI.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>It enacted a law to regulate recommendation algorithms, focusing on their information dissemination.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong>\u00a0<br><br><strong>Prelims (2020)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q. \u202fWith the present state of development, Artificial Intelligence can effectively do which of the following?\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<br>Bring down electricity consumption in industrial units\u00a0<br>Create meaningful short stories and songs\u00a0<br>Disease diagnosis\u00a0<br>Text-to-Speech Conversion\u00a0<br>Wireless transmission of electrical energy\u00a0<br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u202f1, 2, 3 and 5 only\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u202f1, 3 and 4 only\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u202f2, 4 and 5 only\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u202f1, 2, 3, 4 and 5\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (b)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><br><strong>Prelims (2018)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q2. Consider the following pairs:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<br>\u00a0Terms sometimes seen in news\u00a0<br>Context\/Topic\u00a0<br>1.\u00a0Belle II experiment\u00a0<br>Artificial Intelligence\u00a0<br>2.\u00a0Blockchain technology\u00a0<br>Digital\/Cryptocurrency\u00a0<br>3.\u00a0CRISPR\u2013Cas9\u00a0<br>Particle Physics\u00a0<br><strong>Which of the pairs given above is\/are correctly matched?<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u202f1 and 3 only\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u202f2 only\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u202f2 and 3 only\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u202f1, 2 and 3\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (b)<\/strong>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/regulating-deepfakes-generative-ai-in-india-explained\/article67591640.ece#:~:text=Provisions%20of%20the%20Indian%20Penal,on%20communal%20lines)%20among%20others.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"India_Infrastructure_Report_2023\"><\/span><strong>India Infrastructure Report 2023<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: <\/strong>GS-2 Government Policies &amp; Interventions, Infrastructure\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-3\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The India Infrastructure Report (IIR) 2023 on Urban Planning and Development has been recently unveiled.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Highlights_from_the_India_Infrastructure_Report\"><\/span><strong>Key Highlights from the India Infrastructure Report<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thematic_Emphasis_on_Urban_Challenges\"><\/span><strong>Thematic Emphasis on Urban Challenges<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The IIR systematically addresses crucial themes central to India&#8217;s urban challenges.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This includes planning and governance, smart initiatives, public-private partnerships (PPPs) and financing, housing and migration, public service delivery, integrating infrastructure, and urban redevelopment.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Critique_of_Planning_Mechanisms\"><\/span><strong>Critique of Planning Mechanisms<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The report criticizes existing planning mechanisms, particularly constraints on building construction, for rendering cities &#8220;unliveable&#8221; and contributing to the emergence of slums.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>It underscores poor planning as a significant factor in urban challenges.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Low_Floor_Space_Indices_FSIs_and_Urban_Sprawl\"><\/span><strong>Low Floor Space Indices (FSIs) and Urban Sprawl<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Highlighting the impact of low floor space indices (FSIs) or floor area ratios (FARs) on high-density development and urban sprawl, the report links low FSI to the creation of slums.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>It advocates for a redevelopment policy to recover land, offering higher FSIs and improved road connectivity.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Financial_Management_of_Urban_Local_Bodies\"><\/span><strong>Financial Management of Urban Local Bodies<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The report emphasizes the analysis of the financial management of urban local bodies, stressing the urgent need for financial sustainability.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>It advocates for the use of PPPs and municipal bonds as crucial tools for financing urban development projects.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Despite India&#8217;s leadership in PPPs, particularly in roads, ports, airports, and energy, the report notes the limited occurrence of PPPs in the urban sector.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Present_Urban_Landscape_in_India\"><\/span><strong>The Present Urban Landscape in India<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India stands as one of the world&#8217;s fastest-growing economies, with urban centres serving as key drivers of this growth.\u00a0<\/li><li>Cities presently contribute 66% to the national GDP, and this figure is anticipated to climb to 80% by 2050.\u00a0<\/li><li>Despite India&#8217;s rapid economic expansion, the process of urbanization has been relatively gradual, with the proportion of the population residing in officially classified urban settlements increasing at a rate slightly exceeding 1.15% per year from 2001 to 2011.\u00a0<\/li><li>The seven most significant metropolitan areas in India include Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad, and Ahmedabad.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong>\u00a0<br><br><strong>Mains (2016)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q. <\/strong>The frequency of urban floods due to high intensity rainfall is increasing over the years. Discussing the reasons for urban floods, highlight the mechanisms for preparedness to reduce the risk during such events.\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1982803\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Grain_Storage_Plan_in_Cooperative_Sector\"><\/span><strong>Grain Storage Plan in Cooperative Sector<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-2 Government Policies &amp; Interventions GS-3 Growth &amp; Development, Industrial Growth\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-4\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Ministry of Cooperation has recently highlighted the &#8220;Cooperative Sector&#8217;s Plan for the World&#8217;s Largest Grain Storage.&#8221;\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"675\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-23-1024x675.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18896 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/675;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Grain_Storage_Initiative_in_the_Cooperative_Sector_Empowering_Agriculture\"><\/span><strong>Grain Storage Initiative in the Cooperative Sector: Empowering Agriculture<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Holistic_Infrastructure_Development\"><\/span><strong>Holistic Infrastructure Development<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>This initiative involves establishing diverse agricultural infrastructures at the <strong>Primary Agricultural Cooperative Societies<\/strong> (PACS) level.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>These include warehouses, custom hiring centres, processing units, Fair Price Shops, and more.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Strategic_Scheme_Convergence\"><\/span><strong>Strategic Scheme Convergence<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The project strategically integrates various existing schemes of the Government of India (GoI), such as the <strong>Agriculture Infrastructure Fund<\/strong> (AIF), <strong>Agricultural Marketing Infrastructure Scheme<\/strong> (AMI), <strong>Sub Mission on Agricultural Mechanization <\/strong>(SMAM), and others.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This approach ensures a comprehensive development plan.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Implementation_Partners_and_Progress\"><\/span><strong>Implementation Partners and Progress<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Implemented by the <strong>National Cooperative Development Corporation<\/strong> (NCDC) with support from institutions like the <strong>National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development<\/strong> (NABARD) and the <strong>Food Corporation of India<\/strong> (FCI).&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Construction has commenced in 13 PACS in 13 States\/ UTs, with 1,711 PACS identified for inclusion in the pilot project.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Oversight_Committees_for_Effective_Implementation\"><\/span><strong>Oversight Committees for Effective Implementation<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Ministry of Cooperation has established an <strong>Inter-Ministerial Committee<\/strong> (IMC) and a <strong>National Level Coordination Committee<\/strong> (NLCC) to provide guidelines, methodologies, and oversight.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>State and District Cooperative Development Committees<\/strong> (SCDC and DCDC) ensure coordination at the state and district levels.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Empowering_Farmers\"><\/span><strong>Empowering Farmers<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>PACS, equipped with godowns, enable farmers to store produce and access bridge finance for subsequent crop cycles.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The initiative allows farmers to sell produce at their preferred time or to PACS at Minimum Support Price (MSP), preventing distress sales.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Decentralized storage minimizes post-harvest losses, maximizing farmers&#8217; earnings and contributing to national food security.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ministry_of_Agriculture_Initiatives_to_Tackle_Food_Grain_Shortage\"><\/span><strong>Ministry of Agriculture Initiatives to Tackle Food Grain Shortage<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Agriculture_Infrastructure_Fund_AIF\"><\/span><strong>Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF<\/strong>)\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The AIF focuses on creating post-harvest management infrastructure and community farming assets by providing incentives and financial support.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>It includes a 3% interest subvention for loans up to Rs. 2 Crore per project location for 7 years and reimbursement of credit guarantee fees under the <strong>Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) Scheme.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pradhan_Mantri_Annadata_Aay_SanraksHan_Abhiyan_PM-AASHA\"><\/span><strong>Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA)<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>PM-AASHA<\/strong> aims to provide <strong>Minimum Support Price<\/strong> (MSP) to farmers for specified oilseeds, pulses, and copra.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>It comprises the <strong>Price Support Scheme <\/strong>(PSS), <strong>Price Deficiency Payment Scheme<\/strong> (PDPS), and <strong>Private Procurement and Stockist Scheme<\/strong> (PPSS).\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Price Support Scheme (PSS): <\/strong>Implemented at the request of the State Government, exempting procured produce from mandi tax. Central agencies undertake procurement directly from pre-registered farmers at MSP when market prices fall below MSP.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Price Deficiency Payment Scheme (PDPS): <\/strong>Involves direct payment of the difference between MSP and the selling\/model price. Pre-registered farmers benefit through a transparent auction process in notified market yards.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Private Procurement and Stockist Scheme (PPSS):<\/strong> States can implement PPSS for oilseed procurement. Pilot procurement is conducted from pre-registered farmers in selected districts or APMC(s).\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Market_Intervention_Scheme_MIS\"><\/span><strong>Market Intervention Scheme (MIS)<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>MIS involves the procurement of perishable agricultural and horticultural commodities for which MSP is not announced.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This protects growers from distress sales during bumper crops when prices fall below economic levels.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bhartiya_Beej_Sahakari_Samiti_Limited_BBSSL\"><\/span><strong>Bhartiya Beej Sahakari Samiti Limited (BBSSL)<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Established under the Multi-State Cooperative Societies Act, 2002, BBSSL acts as an umbrella organization for the cultivation, production, and distribution of improved seeds under a single brand.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The society enhances seed availability, boosts crop productivity, and increases farmers&#8217; income.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong>\u00a0<br><br><strong>Prelims (2020)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q. Consider the following statements:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<br>In terms of short-term credit delivery to the agriculture sector, District Central Cooperative Banks (DCCBs) deliver more credit in comparison to Scheduled Commercial Banks and Regional Rural Banks.\u00a0<br>One of the most important functions of DCCBs is to provide funds to the Primary Agricultural Credit Societies.\u00a0<br><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u202f1 only\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u202f2 only\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u202fBoth 1 and 2\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u202fNeither 1 nor 2\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (b)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><br><strong>Prelims (2021)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q2. With reference to \u2018Urban Cooperative Banks\u2019 in India, consider the following statements:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<br>They are supervised and regulated by local boards set up by the State Governments.\u00a0<br>They can issue equity shares and preference shares.\u00a0<br>They were brought under the purview of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 through an Amendment in 1966.\u00a0<br><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u202f1 only\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u202f2 and 3 only\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u202f1 and 3 only\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u202f1, 2 and 3\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (b)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><br><strong>Mains (2014)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q.<\/strong>\u202fIn the villages itself no form of credit organisation will be suitable except the cooperative society.\u201d \u2013 All India Rural Credit Survey. Discuss this statement in the background of agricultural finance in India. What constraints and challenges do \ufb01nancial institutions supplying agricultural finance face? How can technology be used to better reach and serve rural clients?\u202f\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1982666\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98Group_of_Companies_Doctrine\"><\/span><strong>\u2018Group of Companies\u2019 Doctrine<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-2 Polity and Governance\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-5\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court has recently affirmed that under the &#8220;group of companies&#8221; doctrine, an arbitration agreement can be binding on non-signatories.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1003\" height=\"706\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-24.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18897 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-24.jpeg 1003w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-24-585x412.jpeg 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1003px) 100vw, 1003px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1003px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1003\/706;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_the_%E2%80%98Group_of_Companies_Doctrine\"><\/span><strong>Understanding the &#8216;Group of Companies&#8217; Doctrine<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview\"><\/span><strong>Overview<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The &#8220;group of companies&#8221; doctrine posits that a non-signatory company to an arbitration agreement can be bound by the agreement if it belongs to the same group of companies as the signatory.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The doctrine implies a mutual intent of the parties for the non-signatory&#8217;s inclusion.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Arbitration_Mechanism\"><\/span><strong>Arbitration Mechanism<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Arbitration, a dispute resolution method, involves appointing a neutral party to adjudicate without court intervention.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The arbitrator&#8217;s judgment holds legal enforceability.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"International_Arbitration_Basis\"><\/span><strong>International Arbitration Basis<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Unlike other non-signatory theories rooted in domestic law principles, the &#8220;group of companies&#8221; concept finds its basis in international arbitration jurisprudence.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Indian_Recognition_and_Application\"><\/span><strong>Indian Recognition and Application<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Indian Supreme Court acknowledged the doctrine in <strong><em>Chloro Controls India Private Limited v. Severn Trent Water Purification Inc. (2013)<\/em><\/strong>.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Subsequently, Indian courts applied it to bind group companies of signatories to arbitration agreements.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Factors_Considered_by_the_Courts\"><\/span><strong>Factors Considered by the Courts<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In ONGC Ltd. vs. Discovery Enterprises (P) Ltd., the Supreme Court outlined factors for applying the doctrine:&nbsp;<\/li><li>Mutual intent of the parties&nbsp;<\/li><li>Relationship of the non-signatory to a signatory&nbsp;<\/li><li>Commonality of subject matter&nbsp;<\/li><li>Composite nature of the transaction&nbsp;<\/li><li>Performance of the contract&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Objective_of_Introducing_the_Doctrine_in_India\"><\/span><strong>Objective of Introducing the Doctrine in India<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The doctrine aims to prevent dispute fragmentation in composite transactions involving multiple parties and contracts.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Recent_Supreme_Court_Ruling\"><\/span><strong>Recent Supreme Court Ruling<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Court clarified that signatories are not the sole entities bound by the arbitration agreement.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>A written agreement isn&#8217;t limited to signatories, and non-signatories can be bound if there&#8217;s a defined legal relationship and an intended commitment demonstrated through conduct.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Non-signatories, due to their relationship and commercial involvement, aren&#8217;t strangers to the arbitration agreement.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livelaw.in\/top-stories\/arbitration-agreement-bind-non-signatories-supreme-court-group-of-companies-doctrine-243822\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>LL<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulsars\"><\/span><strong>Pulsars<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Science and Tech.\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-6\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A new pulsar, designated as PSR J1032\u22125804, has been recently identified by astronomers using the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"337\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-25.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18898 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-25.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-25-585x329.jpeg 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/337;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exploring_Pulsars_Marvels_of_Cosmic_Regularity\"><\/span><strong>Exploring Pulsars: Marvels of Cosmic Regularity<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulsars_Defined\"><\/span><strong>Pulsars Defined<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pulsars, captivating astronomical phenomena, are rotating neutron stars emitting rhythmic pulses of radiation at remarkably consistent intervals, ranging from milliseconds to seconds.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Energetic_Light_Beams\"><\/span><strong>Energetic Light Beams<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Characterized by potent magnetic fields, pulsars generate particle jets along their magnetic poles.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>These accelerated particles produce intense beams of light.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The magnetic field orientation often differs from the spin axis, causing the beams to sweep as the star rotates.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulsar_Illumination\"><\/span><strong>Pulsar Illumination<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>As these beams cross our line of sight, pulsars manifest as intermittent pulses\u2014essentially turning on and off\u2014as the beams sweep across Earth.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pulsar_Masses\"><\/span><strong>Pulsar Masses<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pulsar masses span between 1.18 and 1.97 times that of the Sun, with a prevalent mass of approximately 1.35 times that of the Sun.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_Neutron_Stars_Celestial_Densities_Unleashed\"><\/span><strong>Understanding Neutron Stars: Celestial Densities Unleashed<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Formation_Process\"><\/span><strong>Formation Process<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Neutron stars emerge from the dramatic collapse of a massive star that exhausts its fuel, succumbing to gravitational forces.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The core, imploding under immense gravity, compels every proton and electron into neutrons.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Critical_Mass_Range\"><\/span><strong>Critical Mass Range<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>For cores with masses between 1 and 3 solar masses, the newly-formed neutrons resist complete collapse, resulting in the formation of a neutron star.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Stellar masses exceeding this range continue collapsing into stellar-mass black holes.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Widespread_Galactic_Presence\"><\/span><strong>Widespread Galactic Presence<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Originating from stellar remnants, neutron stars are dispersed across the galaxy, inhabiting regions akin to where stars are found.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Similar to stars, they exist either in solitary arrangements or within binary systems alongside a celestial companion.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2023-12-young-highly-pulsar-askap.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>PO<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Elephant_Endotheliotropic_Herpesvirus\"><\/span><strong>Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Environment\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-7\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (ICAR-IVRI), located in Izatnagar, Bareilly, has recently determined the prevalence of elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus subtypes (EEHV) among the Asian elephant population in India.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"601\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-26-1024x601.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18899 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/601;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_Elephant_Endotheliotropic_Herpesvirus_EEHV\"><\/span><strong>Understanding Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus (EEHV<\/strong>)&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Viral_Classification\"><\/span><strong>Viral Classification<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>EEHV is a double-stranded DNA virus categorized within the Herpesviridae family.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Targeted_Species_and_Severity\"><\/span><strong>Targeted Species and Severity<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>This virus instigates acute and often fatal haemorrhagic disease primarily affecting both wild and captive juvenile Asian and African elephants.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The disease is particularly lethal for elephants aged between one and twelve, exhibiting a rapid course of 28-35 hours.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mode_of_Transmission\"><\/span><strong>Mode of Transmission<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The virus spreads through direct contact with body fluids from infected elephants, encompassing saliva, shedding from skin lesions, and more.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Manifestation_of_Symptoms\"><\/span><strong>Manifestation of Symptoms<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Infected elephants may display symptoms such as diminished appetite, nasal discharge, and swollen glands.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Treatment_Approaches\"><\/span><strong>Treatment Approaches<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>While there is no definitive cure for herpesviruses due to their ability to go latent, treatment strategies for EEHV involve a comprehensive approach.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This includes a combination of antiviral therapy, aggressive fluid administration to counteract haemorrhaging, immuno-stimulant drugs like selenium and Vitamins C, E, as well as anti-pyretic and analgesics to alleviate fever.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Challenges_in_Addressing_Herpesviruses\"><\/span><strong>Challenges in Addressing Herpesviruses<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Both in animals and humans, true cures for herpesviruses remain elusive due to their ability to enter a latent state.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>As a result, managing the symptoms and mitigating the impact of the virus pose significant challenges.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1983198\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Megamouth_Shark\"><\/span><strong>Megamouth Shark<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Environment\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-8\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently, a pregnant megamouth shark, a rare and enigmatic deepwater species, was found stranded on a beach in the Philippines.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"244\" height=\"207\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-27.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18900 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 244px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 244\/207;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Enigmatic_Megamouth_Shark_Unveiled\"><\/span><strong>The Enigmatic Megamouth Shark Unveiled<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Species_Identification\"><\/span><strong>Species Identification<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The megamouth shark, scientifically known as Megachasma pelagios, stands out as an exceedingly rare and peculiar deep-water shark species.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Geographical_Distribution\"><\/span><strong>Geographical Distribution<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>These sharks are believed to inhabit the expansive region between latitudes 40\u00b0N and 40\u00b0S, spanning the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Preferred_Habitat\"><\/span><strong>Preferred Habitat<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Megamouth sharks thrive in the depths of warm oceanic waters, adding to their elusive nature.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Elusive_Nature\"><\/span><strong>Elusive Nature<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Encounters with this species in the wild are exceptionally rare, with scientists having documented and captured fewer than 60 individuals.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Distinctive_Features\"><\/span><strong>Distinctive Features<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Considerable Size:<\/strong> These sharks can reach impressive weights of up to 2700 pounds (1215 kg).&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Length Variation:<\/strong> Typically ranging from 425 to 515 cm, with females generally larger than males.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Unique Head Structure:<\/strong> Characterized by an expansive, soft head and a large mouth positioned at the forefront.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Coloration:<\/strong> Varies from grey to blueish-black on the upper side and pale grey below, often with white tips on fins.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Teeth Configuration:<\/strong> Sporting small, hooked teeth along both upper and lower jaws.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Feeding_Behaviour\"><\/span><strong>Feeding Behaviour<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Megamouth sharks employ a filter-feeding strategy, swimming with their mouths perpetually open to filter their preferred planktonic prey.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The inside of their mouths features light-producing organs, potentially used to attract pelagic crustaceans and other prey.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conservation_Status\"><\/span><strong>Conservation Status<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Listed as &#8220;Least Concern&#8221; on the IUCN Red List<\/strong>, the megamouth shark, despite its rarity, currently faces no imminent threats that warrant higher conservation concern.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wionews.com\/science\/in-a-first-pregnant-megamouth-shark-spotted-on-philippines-beach-sparks-major-marine-discovery-666838\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>WION<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Solar_Orbiter\"><\/span><strong>Solar Orbiter<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Environment\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-9\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Solar Orbiter from the European Space Agency recently obtained the most detailed image to date of the complete disk of the Sun and its outer atmosphere, known as the corona.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-28.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18901 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/168;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unveiling_Solar_Orbiter_A_Sun-Centric_Observatory\"><\/span><strong>Unveiling Solar Orbiter: A Sun-Centric Observatory<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Scientific_Marvel\"><\/span><strong>Scientific Marvel<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Solar Orbiter stands as a sun-observing satellite equipped with 10 specialized science instruments, collectively engineered to unravel the intricacies of solar workings.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mission_Objectives\"><\/span><strong>Mission Objectives<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Conceived for an in-depth exploration of the Sun and the inner heliosphere, Solar Orbiter aims to venture into the uncharted realms of our Solar System&#8217;s innermost regions.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Collaborative_Initiative\"><\/span><strong>Collaborative Initiative<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>This groundbreaking mission is a collaborative endeavour between the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA, representing an international commitment to solar exploration.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unprecedented_Complexity\"><\/span><strong>Unprecedented Complexity<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Distinguished as the most intricate scientific laboratory dispatched to the Sun, Solar Orbiter is poised to capture images from unprecedented proximity and venture into the unexplored polar regions of our solar luminary.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mission_Timeline\"><\/span><strong>Mission Timeline<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Launched on February 10, 2020, Solar Orbiter unveiled its initial images in June of the same year. Commencing full-scale scientific operations in December 2021, the mission underwent multiple gravitational assist manoeuvres at Earth and Venus.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Orbital_Dynamics\"><\/span><strong>Orbital Dynamics<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Traversing an elliptical orbit around the sun, Solar Orbiter reaches its closest point, the perihelion, at approximately 25 million miles (40 million kilometres), a proximity surpassing even the orbit of Mercury.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Instrumentation\"><\/span><strong>Instrumentation<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The satellite carries six remote-sensing instruments for scrutinizing the Sun and its corona, complemented by four in-situ instruments dedicated to measuring the solar wind, energetic particles, and electromagnetic fields.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Extended_Mission_Duration\"><\/span><strong>Extended Mission Duration<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Scheduled to endure until at least 2027, Solar Orbiter promises an extended mission lifespan, offering a prolonged window into the Sun&#8217;s mysteries.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiatoday.in\/science\/story\/solar-orbiter-snaps-clearest-picture-of-sun-zoom-in-for-a-surprise-2472614-2023-12-06\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>IT<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Multiple_Sclerosis\"><\/span><strong>Multiple Sclerosis<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Environment\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-10\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Researchers report that individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in the years preceding the diagnosis were more prone to experiencing depression, constipation, urinary tract infections, and sexual problems.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18886 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-13.png 600w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-13-585x390.png 585w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-13-263x175.png 263w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/400;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_Multiple_Sclerosis_MS\"><\/span><strong>Understanding Multiple Sclerosis (MS)<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nature_of_the_Disease\"><\/span><strong>Nature of the Disease<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic ailment affecting the central nervous system, characterized by persistent and enduring symptoms.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Immune_System_Involvement\"><\/span><strong>Immune System Involvement<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In individuals with MS, the immune system targets cells in the myelin\u2014a protective covering enveloping nerves in the brain and spinal cord.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Consequences_of_Myelin_Damage\"><\/span><strong>Consequences of Myelin Damage<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The impairment to the myelin sheath disrupts the transmission of nerve signals from the brain to various parts of the body, manifesting symptoms that impact the brain, spinal cord, and eyes.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Progression_and_Permanent_Damage\"><\/span><strong>Progression and Permanent Damage<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Over time, the disease can lead to permanent damage or deterioration of nerve fibres, exacerbating the severity of symptoms.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Demographic_Impact\"><\/span><strong>Demographic Impact<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Prevalent among women, MS is most frequently diagnosed in individuals aged 20 to 40, although it can manifest at any age.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diverse_Causes\"><\/span><strong>Diverse Causes<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Multiple factors contribute to the onset of MS, encompassing autoimmune disorders, infectious agents like viruses, environmental influences, and genetic predispositions.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Varied_Signs_and_Symptoms\"><\/span><strong>Varied Signs and Symptoms<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The manifestation of MS symptoms varies widely among individuals, contingent on the location and intensity of nerve fibre damage in the central nervous system.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Symptoms can range from mild, such as blurred vision and limb numbness, to severe cases involving paralysis, vision loss, and mobility challenges.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Treatment_Approach\"><\/span><strong>Treatment Approach<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>While a definitive cure remains elusive, various treatments aim to expedite recovery from attacks, modify the disease&#8217;s progression, and manage symptoms effectively.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>These interventions contribute to enhancing the quality of life for individuals grappling with MS.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/depression-constipation-and-urinary-tract-infections-may-precede-ms-diagnosis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>MNT<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Daily current affairs refer to the most recent and relevant events, developments, and news stories that are happening around the world on a day-to-day basis. These can encompass a wide range of topics, including politics, economics, science, technology, sports, and more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Staying updated with daily current affairs is crucial because it helps individuals make informed decisions in their personal and professional lives. It enables people to understand the world around them, stay aware of significant events, and engage in informed discussions about important issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\"><\/span>Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: There are various sources for daily current affairs, including newspapers, news websites, television news broadcasts, radio programs, and dedicated apps or newsletters. Social media platforms are also widely used to share and access current affairs information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\"><\/span>Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: To incorporate daily current affairs into your routine, consider setting aside specific times each day to read or watch news updates. You can also subscribe to newsletters or follow news apps to receive curated content. Engaging in discussions with peers or participating in online forums can further enhance your understanding of current events.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: When analyzing daily current affairs, it&#8217;s essential to cross-reference information from multiple sources to ensure accuracy. Additionally, consider the source&#8217;s credibility and bias, if any. Develop the ability to identify the main points and implications of news stories, and critically evaluate the significance and impact of the events reported.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants, we explore the latest developments that hold relevance for the upcoming civil services examination.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":18892,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[265],"tags":[160,161,232,140],"class_list":["post-18875","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs-upsc","tag-upsc","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18875","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18875"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18875\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18902,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18875\/revisions\/18902"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18892"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18875"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18875"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18875"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}