{"id":19215,"date":"2023-12-12T17:41:04","date_gmt":"2023-12-12T17:41:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=19215"},"modified":"2023-12-12T17:41:08","modified_gmt":"2023-12-12T17:41:08","slug":"upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Daily Current Affairs &#8211; 12th December 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-prelims-support-program-with-test-series\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"300\" data-id=\"47045\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/bannner-1600-x-1600-2400-x-1392-px-1280-x-300-px-1024x300.png\" alt=\"PSP 2025\" class=\"wp-image-47045\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants, we explore the latest developments that hold relevance for the upcoming civil services examination. Our focus today includes a critical analysis of recent policy changes, international affairs, and national developments, all of which play a pivotal role in shaping the socio-political and economic landscape of India. Stay informed and stay ahead in your UPSC preparations with our daily current affairs updates, as we provide you with concise, well-researched insights to help you connect the dots between contemporary events and the broader canvas of the civil services syllabus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d557f471151\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d557f471151\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Italy_Withdraws_from_Chinas_BRI\" title=\"Italy Withdraws from China\u2019s BRI&nbsp;\">Italy Withdraws from China\u2019s BRI&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#In_News\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Italys_Departure_from_Chinas_Belt_and_Road_Initiative_Unravelling_Economic_and_Geopolitical_Dynamics\" title=\"Italy&#8217;s Departure from China&#8217;s Belt and Road Initiative: Unravelling Economic and Geopolitical Dynamics&nbsp;\">Italy&#8217;s Departure from China&#8217;s Belt and Road Initiative: Unravelling Economic and Geopolitical Dynamics&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Background\" title=\"Background&nbsp;\">Background&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Reasons_for_Italys_Withdrawal\" title=\"Reasons for Italy\u2019s Withdrawal&nbsp;\">Reasons for Italy\u2019s Withdrawal&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Implications\" title=\"Implications&nbsp;\">Implications&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Evolution_of_India-Italy_Relations_A_Historical_Perspective\" title=\"Evolution of India-Italy Relations: A Historical Perspective&nbsp;\">Evolution of India-Italy Relations: A Historical Perspective&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Historical_and_Cultural_Ties\" title=\"Historical and Cultural Ties\u00a0\">Historical and Cultural Ties\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Challenges_in_Bilateral_Relations\" title=\"Challenges in Bilateral Relations\u00a0\">Challenges in Bilateral Relations\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Rebuilding_Relations\" title=\"Rebuilding Relations\u00a0\">Rebuilding Relations\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Collaboration_in_Diverse_Areas\" title=\"Collaboration in Diverse Areas\u00a0\">Collaboration in Diverse Areas\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Charting_the_Path_Forward_Strengthening_India-Italy_Relations\" title=\"Charting the Path Forward: Strengthening India-Italy Relations&nbsp;\">Charting the Path Forward: Strengthening India-Italy Relations&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Opportunities_for_Economic_Collaboration\" title=\"Opportunities for Economic Collaboration\u00a0\">Opportunities for Economic Collaboration\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Elevating_Strategic_Partnership\" title=\"Elevating Strategic Partnership\u00a0\">Elevating Strategic Partnership\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Monetary_Policy_Committee_Decisions_RBI\" title=\"Monetary Policy Committee Decisions: RBI&nbsp;\">Monetary Policy Committee Decisions: RBI&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#In_News-2\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Key_Takeaways_from_the_MPC_Meeting\" title=\"Key Takeaways from the MPC Meeting&nbsp;\">Key Takeaways from the MPC Meeting&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Policy_Rates\" title=\"Policy Rates\u00a0\">Policy Rates\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Policy_Repo_Rate_Maintained_at_65\" title=\"Policy Repo Rate Maintained at 6.5%\u00a0\">Policy Repo Rate Maintained at 6.5%\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Standing_Deposit_Facility_SDF_at_625\" title=\"Standing Deposit Facility (SDF) at 6.25%\u00a0\">Standing Deposit Facility (SDF) at 6.25%\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Marginal_Standing_Facility_Rate_MSF_at_675\" title=\"Marginal Standing Facility Rate (MSF) at 6.75%\u00a0\">Marginal Standing Facility Rate (MSF) at 6.75%\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Cash_Reserve_Ratio_CRR_at_450\" title=\"Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) at 4.50%\u00a0\">Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) at 4.50%\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Statutory_Liquidity_Ratio_SLR_Maintained_at_1800\" title=\"Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) Maintained at 18.00%\u00a0\">Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) Maintained at 18.00%\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Projections\" title=\"Projections\u00a0\">Projections\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Upward_Revision_in_Growth_Projection\" title=\"Upward Revision in Growth Projection\u00a0\">Upward Revision in Growth Projection\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Steady_Inflation_Forecast\" title=\"Steady Inflation Forecast\u00a0\">Steady Inflation Forecast\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#RBIs_Additional_Measures_and_Initiatives\" title=\"RBI&#8217;s Additional Measures and Initiatives&nbsp;\">RBI&#8217;s Additional Measures and Initiatives&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Enhanced_UPI_Limit_for_Health_and_Education_Transactions\" title=\"Enhanced UPI Limit for Health and Education Transactions\u00a0\">Enhanced UPI Limit for Health and Education Transactions\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Expansion_of_Recurring_e-Payment_Mandates\" title=\"Expansion of Recurring e-Payment Mandates\u00a0\">Expansion of Recurring e-Payment Mandates\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Regulatory_Framework_for_Web-Aggregation\" title=\"Regulatory Framework for Web-Aggregation\u00a0\">Regulatory Framework for Web-Aggregation\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Fintech_Repository_Proposal\" title=\"Fintech Repository Proposal\u00a0\">Fintech Repository Proposal\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Gram_Manchitra_and_mActionSoft\" title=\"Gram Manchitra and mActionSoft&nbsp;\">Gram Manchitra and mActionSoft&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#In_News-3\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Gram_Manchitra_Enhancing_Rural_Development_Through_GIS_Technology\" title=\"Gram Manchitra: Enhancing Rural Development Through GIS Technology&nbsp;\">Gram Manchitra: Enhancing Rural Development Through GIS Technology&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Overview_of_Gram_Manchitra\" title=\"Overview of Gram Manchitra&nbsp;\">Overview of Gram Manchitra&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Objective\" title=\"Objective&nbsp;\">Objective&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Strategic_Support\" title=\"Strategic Support&nbsp;\">Strategic Support&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Key_Features\" title=\"Key Features\u00a0\">Key Features\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-6' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Unified_Geospatial_Platform\" title=\"Unified Geospatial Platform\u00a0\">Unified Geospatial Platform\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Sector-Wise_Planning\" title=\"Sector-Wise Planning\u00a0\">Sector-Wise Planning\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-6'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Development_Plan_Tools\" title=\"Development Plan Tools\u00a0\">Development Plan Tools\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#mActionSoft_Geo-Tagging_Assets_for_Transparency_and_Accountability\" title=\"mActionSoft: Geo-Tagging Assets for Transparency and Accountability&nbsp;\">mActionSoft: Geo-Tagging Assets for Transparency and Accountability&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Introduction_to_mActionSoft\" title=\"Introduction to mActionSoft\u00a0\">Introduction to mActionSoft\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Role\" title=\"Role\u00a0\">Role\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Comprehensive_Geo-Tagging\" title=\"Comprehensive Geo-Tagging\u00a0\">Comprehensive Geo-Tagging\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Salient_Features\" title=\"Salient Features\u00a0\">Salient Features\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Geo-Tagging_Transparency\" title=\"Geo-Tagging Transparency\u00a0\">Geo-Tagging Transparency\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Integration_with_Gram_Manchitra\" title=\"Integration with Gram Manchitra\u00a0\">Integration with Gram Manchitra\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Diel_Vertical_Migration_and_Carbon_Sequestration\" title=\"Diel Vertical Migration and Carbon Sequestration&nbsp;\">Diel Vertical Migration and Carbon Sequestration&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#In_News-4\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Understanding_Diel_Vertical_Migration_DVM\" title=\"Understanding Diel Vertical Migration (DVM)&nbsp;\">Understanding Diel Vertical Migration (DVM)&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#DVM_Overview\" title=\"DVM Overview\u00a0\">DVM Overview\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Survival_Strategy\" title=\"Survival Strategy\u00a0\">Survival Strategy\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Nocturnal_Feeding_Strategy\" title=\"Nocturnal Feeding Strategy\u00a0\">Nocturnal Feeding Strategy\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Planets_Largest_Biomass_Migration\" title=\"Planet&#8217;s Largest Biomass Migration\u00a0\">Planet&#8217;s Largest Biomass Migration\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#DVMs_Contribution_to_Carbon_Sequestration\" title=\"DVM&#8217;s Contribution to Carbon Sequestration&nbsp;\">DVM&#8217;s Contribution to Carbon Sequestration&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#How_DVM_Contributes_to_Carbon_Sequestration\" title=\"How DVM Contributes to Carbon Sequestration&nbsp;\">How DVM Contributes to Carbon Sequestration&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Second_Phase_of_LeadIT\" title=\"Second Phase of LeadIT&nbsp;\">Second Phase of LeadIT&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#In_News-5\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Understanding_the_Leadership_Group_for_Industry_Transition_LeadIT\" title=\"Understanding the Leadership Group for Industry Transition (LeadIT)&nbsp;\">Understanding the Leadership Group for Industry Transition (LeadIT)&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Overview\" title=\"Overview&nbsp;\">Overview&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Key_Features_of_the_Second_Phase\" title=\"Key Features of the Second Phase&nbsp;\">Key Features of the Second Phase&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Mission\" title=\"Mission\u00a0\">Mission\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#LeadIT_Pillars\" title=\"LeadIT Pillars\u00a0\">LeadIT Pillars\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Global_Forum_for_a_Just_and_Equitable_Industry_Transition\" title=\"Global Forum for a Just and Equitable Industry Transition\u00a0\">Global Forum for a Just and Equitable Industry Transition\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Technology_Transfer_and_Co-development\" title=\"Technology Transfer and Co-development\u00a0\">Technology Transfer and Co-development\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Industry_Transition_Partnerships\" title=\"Industry Transition Partnerships\u00a0\">Industry Transition Partnerships\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Wheeler_Island\" title=\"Wheeler Island&nbsp;\">Wheeler Island&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#In_News-6\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Exploring_Abdul_Kalam_Island_Wheeler_Island\" title=\"Exploring Abdul Kalam Island (Wheeler Island)&nbsp;\">Exploring Abdul Kalam Island (Wheeler Island)&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Overview-2\" title=\"Overview\u00a0\">Overview\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Significance\" title=\"Significance\u00a0\">Significance\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Geographical_Details\" title=\"Geographical Details\u00a0\">Geographical Details\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Pinna_nobilis\" title=\"Pinna nobilis&nbsp;\">Pinna nobilis&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-75\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#In_News-7\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-76\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Understanding_Pinna_nobilis_A_Critically_Endangered_Marine_Clam\" title=\"Understanding Pinna nobilis: A Critically Endangered Marine Clam&nbsp;\">Understanding Pinna nobilis: A Critically Endangered Marine Clam&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-77\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Overview-3\" title=\"Overview\u00a0\">Overview\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-78\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Distinctive_Features\" title=\"Distinctive Features\u00a0\">Distinctive Features\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-79\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Distribution_and_Threats\" title=\"Distribution and Threats\u00a0\">Distribution and Threats\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-80\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Conservation_Status\" title=\"Conservation Status\u00a0\">Conservation Status\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-81\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Pangalokha_Wildlife_Sanctuary\" title=\"Pangalokha Wildlife Sanctuary&nbsp;\">Pangalokha Wildlife Sanctuary&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-82\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#In_News-8\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-83\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Exploring_Pangalokha_Wildlife_Sanctuary\" title=\"Exploring Pangalokha Wildlife Sanctuary&nbsp;\">Exploring Pangalokha Wildlife Sanctuary&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-84\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Location_and_Connectivity\" title=\"Location and Connectivity\u00a0\">Location and Connectivity\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-85\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Vegetation\" title=\"Vegetation\u00a0\">Vegetation\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-86\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Rich_Flora_and_Fauna\" title=\"Rich Flora and Fauna\u00a0\">Rich Flora and Fauna\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-87\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Ghaggar_River\" title=\"Ghaggar River&nbsp;\">Ghaggar River&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-88\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#In_News-9\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-89\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Exploring_the_Ghaggar_River\" title=\"Exploring the Ghaggar River&nbsp;\">Exploring the Ghaggar River&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-90\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Characteristics\" title=\"Characteristics\u00a0\">Characteristics\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-91\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Course\" title=\"Course\u00a0\">Course\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-92\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Historical_Significance\" title=\"Historical Significance\u00a0\">Historical Significance\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-93\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Tributaries\" title=\"Tributaries\u00a0\">Tributaries\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-94\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Budgetts_frog\" title=\"Budgett\u2019s frog&nbsp;\">Budgett\u2019s frog&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-95\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#In_News-10\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-96\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Exploring_Budgetts_Frog\" title=\"Exploring Budgett\u2019s Frog&nbsp;\">Exploring Budgett\u2019s Frog&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-97\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Behaviour\" title=\"Behaviour\u00a0\">Behaviour\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-98\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#HabitatRange\" title=\"Habitat\/Range\u00a0\">Habitat\/Range\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-99\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Conservation_Status-2\" title=\"Conservation Status\u00a0\">Conservation Status\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-100\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-101\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are daily current affairs?\">Q: What are daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-102\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?\">Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-103\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\" title=\"Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?\">Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-104\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\" title=\"Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?\">Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-105\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?\">Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-106\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-107\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-12th-december-2023\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Italy_Withdraws_from_Chinas_BRI\"><\/span><strong>Italy Withdraws from China\u2019s BRI<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-2 IR\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>After more than four years of being the sole G7 nation to join, Italy has decided to exit China&#8217;s Belt and Road Initiative.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"216\" height=\"233\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-36.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19221 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 216px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 216\/233;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Italys_Departure_from_Chinas_Belt_and_Road_Initiative_Unravelling_Economic_and_Geopolitical_Dynamics\"><\/span><strong>Italy&#8217;s Departure from China&#8217;s Belt and Road Initiative: Unravelling Economic and Geopolitical Dynamics<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Background\"><\/span><strong>Background<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Italy&#8217;s exit from China&#8217;s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) comes more than four years after being the sole G7 nation to sign up, indicating a significant shift in economic, geopolitical, and strategic considerations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reasons_for_Italys_Withdrawal\"><\/span><strong>Reasons for Italy\u2019s Withdrawal<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Economic Imbalance: <\/strong>Anticipated economic benefits have not materialized, with Chinese FDI in Italy dropping significantly.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Geopolitical Realignment:<\/strong> Concerns over China&#8217;s influence, geopolitical alignments, and global events like the Russia-Ukraine conflict have led Italy to reassess its participation.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Alignment with Western Allies: <\/strong>Italy&#8217;s inclination to align with its Western allies, especially in the G7, may influence its decision.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Negative Press and Debt Concerns: <\/strong>Global criticism of the BRI for potential debt traps and lack of transparency has contributed to Italy&#8217;s withdrawal.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Implications\"><\/span><strong>Implications<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Italy&#8217;s departure reflects a broader trend in European nations reassessing their relationships with China, emphasizing the evolving dynamics in global geopolitics.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Evolution_of_India-Italy_Relations_A_Historical_Perspective\"><\/span><strong>Evolution of India-Italy Relations: A Historical Perspective<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historical_and_Cultural_Ties\"><\/span><strong>Historical and Cultural Ties<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India and Italy boast a rich historical connection dating back millennia, characterized by vibrant trade routes and cultural exchanges.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Renowned figures like Rabindranath Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi have contributed to the enduring historical tapestry of bilateral relations.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Challenges_in_Bilateral_Relations\"><\/span><strong>Challenges in Bilateral Relations<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Italian Marines Case (2012):<\/strong> The tragic incident involving two Italian marines accused of killing Indian fishermen strained diplomatic ties. The prolonged legal and political dispute was resolved in 2021, following compensation from Italy to India.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>AgustaWestland Allegations:<\/strong> Corruption allegations related to the AgustaWestland deal created another hurdle. Despite the cancellation of the contract and legal proceedings, the Italian courts dismissed all charges due to insufficient evidence.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rebuilding_Relations\"><\/span><strong>Rebuilding Relations<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Diplomatic Engagement (2018 onwards):<\/strong> Both nations-initiated efforts to mend relations through official visits, cultural exchanges, and high-level engagements.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Strategic Partnerships (2021):<\/strong> Significant milestones were achieved during the Indian Prime Minister&#8217;s visit to Italy for the G20 summit in 2021. Bilateral agreements were established, focusing on defines, trade, and technology.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Economic Cooperation:<\/strong> Italy emerged as a key trading partner for India within the EU. The emphasis on economic cooperation, especially in defence and technology, has contributed to strengthening bilateral ties.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Collaboration_in_Diverse_Areas\"><\/span><strong>Collaboration in Diverse Areas<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Science, Technology, and Research<\/strong>: Thematic Working Groups were established in 2021 between the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), focusing on Helio physics\u2014the study of the Sun&#8217;s effects on the Solar System.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Counter-Terrorism and Security:<\/strong> Both nations pledged to strengthen cooperation in combating terrorism and transnational crime, with a joint working group on counter-terrorism advancing expertise exchange and capacity building.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Regional Cooperation and Connectivity:<\/strong> Acknowledging the potential of international organizations such as the Coalition on Disaster Resilient Infrastructures (CDRI) and the International Solar Alliance (ISA), India welcomed Italy&#8217;s participation in the ISA after its universalization. The shared commitment to these initiatives\u2019 further cements bilateral cooperation.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Charting_the_Path_Forward_Strengthening_India-Italy_Relations\"><\/span><strong>Charting the Path Forward: Strengthening India-Italy Relations<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Opportunities_for_Economic_Collaboration\"><\/span><strong>Opportunities for Economic Collaboration<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>With Italy&#8217;s withdrawal from the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), there exists an opportune moment for India and Italy to diversify their economic collaboration. Both nations can explore new avenues for trade, investment, and joint ventures.\u00a0<\/li><li>Prioritizing sectors like technology, manufacturing, renewable energy, pharmaceuticals, and infrastructure development can pave the way for mutually beneficial partnerships.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Leveraging each other&#8217;s strengths in these areas can foster innovation and economic growth.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Elevating_Strategic_Partnership\"><\/span><strong>Elevating Strategic Partnership<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Exploring collaborative defence production projects, engaging in joint military exercises, and sharing information on security threats can strengthen ties.\u00a0<\/li><li>Given the increasing importance of cybersecurity, joint efforts to enhance capabilities, share best practices, and address common challenges.\u00a0<\/li><li>Collaborative measures in counterterrorism can be intensified, involving information exchange, joint training programs, and coordinated efforts to combat transnational threats.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Global Initiatives and Multilateral Engagement<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>India and Italy can coordinate their positions on global issues, contributing to a unified voice on matters such as climate change, sustainable development, and global health challenges.\u00a0<\/li><li>participating in forums like the United Nations, G20, and other international platforms can provide both countries with opportunities to collaborate on global challenges and shape international agendas.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong>\u00a0<br><br><strong>Prelims (2016)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q. \u202f\u2018Belt and Road Initiative\u2019 is sometimes mentioned in the news in the context of the affairs of\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u202fAfrican Union\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u202fBrazil\u202f\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u202fEuropean Union\u202f\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u202fChina\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (d)<\/strong>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/world\/italy-china-belt-road-initiative-failed-9058155\/#:~:text=Italy%20has%20formally%20withdrawn%20from,Italian%20media%20reported%20on%20Wednesday.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Monetary_Policy_Committee_Decisions_RBI\"><\/span><strong>Monetary Policy Committee Decisions: RBI<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: <\/strong>GS-3 Economy\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-2\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In its latest bimonthly meeting of the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC), the RBI has opted to keep the benchmark interest rates unchanged for the fifth consecutive time.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Takeaways_from_the_MPC_Meeting\"><\/span><strong>Key Takeaways from the MPC Meeting<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Policy_Rates\"><\/span><strong>Policy Rates<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Policy_Repo_Rate_Maintained_at_65\"><\/span><strong>Policy Repo Rate Maintained at 6.5%<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The central bank, RBI, has decided to keep the policy repo rate unchanged at 6.5%.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This rate dictates the interest at which the central bank lends funds to commercial banks in case of fund shortages.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Standing_Deposit_Facility_SDF_at_625\"><\/span><strong>Standing Deposit Facility (SDF) at 6.25%<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The SDF, offering banks an avenue to park excess liquidity without collateral, has been set at 6.25%.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Marginal_Standing_Facility_Rate_MSF_at_675\"><\/span><strong>Marginal Standing Facility Rate (MSF) at 6.75%<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The MSF, an emergency borrowing window for scheduled banks, remains at 6.75%, serving as a recourse during interbank liquidity crises.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cash_Reserve_Ratio_CRR_at_450\"><\/span><strong>Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) at 4.50%<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Commercial banks are required to maintain a specified minimum deposit amount with the central bank, known as the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR), which stands at 4.50%.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Statutory_Liquidity_Ratio_SLR_Maintained_at_1800\"><\/span><strong>Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) Maintained at 18.00%<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR), representing the minimum percentage of deposits to be held in liquid assets, is retained at 18.00%.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Projections\"><\/span><strong>Projections<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Upward_Revision_in_Growth_Projection\"><\/span><strong>Upward Revision in Growth Projection<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The GDP growth projection for the fiscal year 2023-24 has been revised upward to 7%, reflecting a robust 7.6% growth in the second quarter of the financial year.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Steady_Inflation_Forecast\"><\/span><strong>Steady Inflation Forecast<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The inflation forecast, based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI), for the fiscal year 2023-24 remains unchanged at 5.4%.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RBIs_Additional_Measures_and_Initiatives\"><\/span><strong>RBI&#8217;s Additional Measures and Initiatives<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Enhanced_UPI_Limit_for_Health_and_Education_Transactions\"><\/span><strong>Enhanced UPI Limit for Health and Education Transactions<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has raised the UPI (Unified Payments Interface) transaction limit for Health and Education payments from Rs 1 lakh to Rs 5 lakh per transaction.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This adjustment is anticipated to bring significant operational advantages for healthcare institutions and individuals seeking medical services, as stated by industry experts.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Expansion_of_Recurring_e-Payment_Mandates\"><\/span><strong>Expansion of Recurring e-Payment Mandates<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In a move to facilitate more substantial periodic transactions, the RBI has increased the limit on recurring e-payment mandates for activities such as credit card payments, insurance premia, and mutual fund investments.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The limit has been expanded from Rs 15,000 to Rs 1 lakh, providing users with greater flexibility in managing recurring payments.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Regulatory_Framework_for_Web-Aggregation\"><\/span><strong>Regulatory Framework for Web-Aggregation<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Recognizing the need for enhanced customer-centricity and transparency in digital lending, the RBI is in the process of establishing a regulatory framework for web-aggregation of loan products.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This initiative aims to regulate the aggregation of loan offerings on digital platforms, fostering a more secure and transparent environment for borrowers.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fintech_Repository_Proposal\"><\/span><strong>Fintech Repository Proposal<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In response to the increasing trend of partnerships between banks, non-banking finance companies (NBFCs), and Fintech firms, the RBI is proposing the creation of a Fintech Repository by April 2024.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This repository is envisioned as a comprehensive database where Fintech companies can voluntarily provide relevant information.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The initiative seeks to enhance the regulatory oversight and understanding of the evolving Fintech landscape.\u00a0<\/li><li>These initiatives showcase the RBI&#8217;s proactive stance in adapting to the evolving financial landscape, addressing emerging challenges, and fostering a more inclusive and secure financial ecosystem.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Prelims (2017)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q. Which of the following statements is\/are correct regarding the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC)?\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<br>It decides the RBI\u2019s benchmark interest rates.\u00a0<br>It is a 12-member body including the Governor of RBI and is reconstituted every year.\u00a0<br>It functions under the chairmanship of the Union Finance Minister.\u00a0<br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u202f1 only\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u202f1 and 2 only\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u202f3 only\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u202f2 and 3 only\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (a)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Prelims (2020)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q. If the RBI decides to adopt an expansionist monetary policy, which of the following would it not do?\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<br>Cut and optimize the Statutory Liquidity Ratio\u00a0<br>Increase the Marginal Standing Facility Rate\u00a0<br>Cut the Bank Rate and Repo Rate\u00a0<br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u202f1 and 2 only\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u202f2 only\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u202f1 and 3 only\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u202f1, 2 and 3\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (b)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Mains (2019)<\/strong>\u00a0<br>Q.\u202fDo you agree with the view that steady GDP growth and low inflation have left the Indian economy in good shape? Give reasons in support of your arguments.\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/business\/Economy\/rbi-keeps-repo-rate-steady-at-65-amid-robust-economic-growth\/article67617221.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gram_Manchitra_and_mActionSoft\"><\/span><strong>Gram Manchitra and mActionSoft<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: <\/strong>GS-2 Government Policies &amp; Interventions, E-Governance\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-3\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Ministry of Panchayati Raj has recently launched &#8220;Gram Manchitra,&#8221; an app utilizing Geographic Information System (GIS) technology.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gram_Manchitra_Enhancing_Rural_Development_Through_GIS_Technology\"><\/span><strong>Gram Manchitra: Enhancing Rural Development Through GIS Technology<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview_of_Gram_Manchitra\"><\/span><strong>Overview of Gram Manchitra<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Objective\"><\/span><strong>Objective<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Gram Manchitra, introduced by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, is designed to promote spatial planning initiatives at the Gram Panchayat level, harnessing the capabilities of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Strategic_Support\"><\/span><strong>Strategic Support<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Aligned with the Gram Panchayat Development Plan (GPDP), the app serves as a valuable tool for informed decision-making in rural development.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Features\"><\/span><strong>Key Features<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unified_Geospatial_Platform\"><\/span><strong>Unified Geospatial Platform<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Gram Manchitra provides a unified and comprehensive platform, facilitating the visualization of developmental projects and activities at the Gram Panchayat level.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sector-Wise_Planning\"><\/span><strong>Sector-Wise Planning<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Enabling Gram Panchayats to plan and execute developmental initiatives across various sectors, the app promotes a holistic approach to rural development.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Development_Plan_Tools\"><\/span><strong>Development Plan Tools<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Equipped with essential tools such as project site identification, asset tracking, cost estimation, and project impact assessment, Gram Manchitra empowers Gram Panchayats in effective planning and execution.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"mActionSoft_Geo-Tagging_Assets_for_Transparency_and_Accountability\"><\/span><strong>mActionSoft: Geo-Tagging Assets for Transparency and Accountability<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction_to_mActionSoft\"><\/span><strong>Introduction to mActionSoft<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Role\"><\/span><strong>Role<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>mActionSoft serves as a mobile-based solution pivotal in capturing geo-tagged photos with GPS coordinates, specifically for works with asset outputs in rural areas.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Comprehensive_Geo-Tagging\"><\/span><strong>Comprehensive Geo-Tagging<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Assets undergo geo-tagging at three crucial stages: before the commencement of work, during the work, and upon completion.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This meticulous process establishes a comprehensive repository of information covering various works related to natural resource management, water harvesting, sanitation, agriculture, and more.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Salient_Features\"><\/span><strong>Salient Features<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Geo-Tagging_Transparency\"><\/span><strong>Geo-Tagging Transparency<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Panchayats leverage mActionSoft for geo-tagging assets created under finance commission funds, accompanied by photographs.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This ensures transparency and accountability in the execution of developmental projects.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Integration_with_Gram_Manchitra\"><\/span><strong>Integration with Gram Manchitra<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The assets geo-tagged using mActionSoft seamlessly integrate with Gram Manchitra.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This integration enriches the visualization of developmental works in Gram Panchayats, providing a comprehensive and accessible overview.\u00a0\u202f\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Prelims (2010)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q. \u202fIn the context of space technology, what is \u201cBhuvan\u201d, recently in the news?\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u202fA mini satellite launched by ISRO for promoting the distance education in India\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u202fThe name given to the next Moon Impact Probe, for Chandrayaan-II\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u202fA geoportal of ISRO with 3D imaging capabilities of India\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u202fA space telescope developed by India\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (C)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Mains (2016)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q.1<\/strong>\u202fDiscuss India\u2019s achievements in the field of Space Science and Technology. How the application of this technology helped India in its socio-economic development?<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1982637\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diel_Vertical_Migration_and_Carbon_Sequestration\"><\/span><strong>Diel Vertical Migration and Carbon Sequestration<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Environment, Science and Tech.\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-4\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The nocturnal Diel Vertical Migration (DVM) of deep-sea creatures, like zooplankton, for nourishment and safety is a mesmerizing natural phenomenon with profound implications for the Earth&#8217;s Carbon Cycle.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/2413d6bd-de96-4b5c-89b1-aad3b4a05405\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_Diel_Vertical_Migration_DVM\"><\/span><strong>Understanding Diel Vertical Migration (DVM)<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DVM_Overview\"><\/span><strong>DVM Overview<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Diel Vertical Migration (DVM) refers to the coordinated movement of marine organisms, commonly observed in deep-sea inhabitants such as zooplankton, where they vertically migrate in the water column\u2014ascending towards the surface at night and descending to deeper levels during the day.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Survival_Strategy\"><\/span><strong>Survival Strategy<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>This migration pattern serves as a strategic survival tactic for these organisms, aiding in locating food resources while minimizing exposure to predators.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nocturnal_Feeding_Strategy\"><\/span><strong>Nocturnal Feeding Strategy<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>During dusk, organisms residing in the mesopelagic layer, also known as the Deeper Layer or Twilight Zone, ascend to the safety of the epipelagic zone or Upper Layer.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This nocturnal movement allows them to capitalize on the cover of darkness, facilitating the consumption of microscopic phytoplankton while evading diurnal predators.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Planets_Largest_Biomass_Migration\"><\/span><strong>Planet&#8217;s Largest Biomass Migration<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>This finely tuned and synchronized migration, aligned with natural light cycles, holds the distinction of being the planet&#8217;s largest biomass migration, occurring daily across all oceans.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DVMs_Contribution_to_Carbon_Sequestration\"><\/span><strong>DVM&#8217;s Contribution to Carbon Sequestration<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Organisms dwelling in the mesopelagic layer play an active role in extracting significant carbon from upper ocean layers during their feeding on surface plankton, subsequently transporting it to deeper waters.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Within the twilight zone, migratory animals contribute to the food chain by transferring consumed carbon to their predators.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The resulting carbon-rich waste descends to the ocean floor, functioning as a vital carbon sink.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This process traps carbon dioxide and contributes to the regulation of atmospheric carbon concentration.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_DVM_Contributes_to_Carbon_Sequestration\"><\/span><strong>How DVM Contributes to Carbon Sequestration<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The organisms populating the mesopelagic layer play an integral role in extracting substantial carbon from upper ocean layers as they feed on surface plankton, carrying this carbon to deeper waters.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Migratory animals within the twilight zone contribute to the food chain by passing on the consumed carbon to their predators.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The ensuing carbon-rich waste descends to the ocean floor, serving as a critical carbon sink.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This mechanism effectively traps carbon dioxide, aiding in the regulation of atmospheric carbon concentration.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Prelims (2012)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q. The acidification of oceans is increasing. Why is this phenomenon a cause of concern?\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<br>The growth and survival of calcareous phytoplankton will be adversely affected.\u00a0<br>The growth and survival of coral reefs will be adversely affected.\u00a0<br>The survival of some animals that have phytoplanktonic larvae will be adversely affected.\u00a0<br>The cloud seeding and formation of clouds will be adversely affected.\u00a0<br><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u202f1, 2 and 3 only\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u202f2 only\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u202f1 and 3 only\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u202f1, 2, 3 and 4\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (a)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Prelims (2017)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q. In the context of mitigating the impending global warming due to anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide, which of the following can be the potential sites for carbon sequestration?\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<br>Abandoned and uneconomic coal seams\u00a0<br>Depleted oil and gas reservoirs\u00a0<br>Subterranean deep saline formations\u00a0<br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u202f1 and 2 only\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u202f3 only\u202f\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u202f1 and 3 only\u202f\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u202f1, 2 and 3\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (d)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Prelims (2012)<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>Q. Consider the following agricultural practices:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<br>Contour bunding\u00a0<br>Relay cropping\u00a0<br>Zero tillage in the context of global climate change,\u00a0<br><strong>which of the above helps\/help in carbon sequestration\/storage in the soil?<\/strong>\u00a0<br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u202f1 and 2 only\u202f\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u202f3 only\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u202f1, 2 and 3\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u202fNone of them\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (b)<\/strong>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/science-for-all-what-is-diel-vertical-migration-and-its-role-in-carbon-sequestration\/article67609159.ece#:~:text=DVM%20is%20also%20more%20than,feed%20on%20surface%2Ddwelling%20plankton.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Second_Phase_of_LeadIT\"><\/span><strong>Second Phase of LeadIT<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-2 India and its Neighbourhood, Bilateral Groupings &amp; Agreements, Groupings &amp; Agreements Involving India and\/or Affecting India&#8217;s Interests\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-5\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>During COP 28, India and Sweden introduced the three pillars of the second phase of LeadIT (2.0) at the LeadIT Summit 2023 in the UAE, as declared by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_the_Leadership_Group_for_Industry_Transition_LeadIT\"><\/span><strong>Understanding the Leadership Group for Industry Transition (LeadIT)<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview\"><\/span><strong>Overview<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>LeadIT, a global initiative launched by Sweden and India at the United Nations Climate Action Summit in 2019 and supported by the World Economic Forum, is dedicated to expediting the shift of challenging sectors\u2014steel, cement, chemicals, aviation, and shipping\u2014towards low-carbon pathways.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Comprising 38 members, including active participant India, LeadIT seeks to align with the Paris Agreement&#8217;s goals.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Features_of_the_Second_Phase\"><\/span><strong>Key Features of the Second Phase<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mission\"><\/span><strong>Mission<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In the second phase of LeadIT, the focus is on fostering policies and regulations supporting an inclusive industry transition through public-private partnerships.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The aim is to mobilize resources, facilitate knowledge-sharing, and accelerate pathways towards achieving net-zero industry emissions by 2050.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"LeadIT_Pillars\"><\/span><strong>LeadIT Pillars<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Global_Forum_for_a_Just_and_Equitable_Industry_Transition\"><\/span><strong>Global Forum for a Just and Equitable Industry Transition<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>This pillar ensures ongoing dialogue and collaboration between governments and industries.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>It sustains LeadIT&#8217;s engagement with multilateral groups, such as UN Climate Action and UNFCCC COP presidencies, facilitates knowledge-sharing, and monitors the transition&#8217;s progress.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Technology_Transfer_and_Co-development\"><\/span><strong>Technology Transfer and Co-development<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Dedicated to facilitating business-to-business technology transfer and enhancing national institutional capacity for innovation.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Industry_Transition_Partnerships\"><\/span><strong>Industry Transition Partnerships<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The LeadIT Secretariat supports members in establishing industry transition partnerships, particularly in emerging markets and developing economies.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>These partnerships involve mapping, coordinating, and strengthening international assistance to enhance the effectiveness of low-carbon industrial projects.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The overarching goal is to create favourable conditions for a pipeline of viable green industrial projects.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1984440#:~:text=LeadIT%202.0%2C%20the%20second%20phase,Climate%20Change%2C%20India%20and%20Ms.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wheeler_Island\"><\/span><strong>Wheeler Island<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Environment\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-6\"><\/span><strong>In News<\/strong>: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>India&#8217;s top military R&amp;D agency, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), will halt missile testing on Wheeler Island off the Odisha coast during the mass nesting season of Olive Ridley Sea turtles, according to reports.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/e72a5506-6ab8-4aa2-98ce-34ba1b2dfdc6\"><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exploring_Abdul_Kalam_Island_Wheeler_Island\"><\/span><strong>Exploring Abdul Kalam Island (Wheeler Island)<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview-2\"><\/span><strong>Overview<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Abdul Kalam Island, previously known as Wheeler Island, is situated off the coast of Odisha and was renamed in honour of the late President Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This transformation aimed to inspire youth towards a scientific mindset. The island stands as India&#8217;s sole location with an integrated test range, housing a missile testing facility.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Significance\"><\/span><strong>Significance<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The integrated test range on Abdul Kalam Island serves as the testing ground for various indigenous missiles, including the Akash, Agni, and Prithvi missiles.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>This facility plays a crucial role in advancing India&#8217;s missile technology.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Geographical_Details\"><\/span><strong>Geographical Details<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Covering an expanse of 390 acres, the island spans 2 km in length.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Situated in the Bay of Bengal, it is characterized by a soil formation without rocks, making it a distinctive location for missile testing.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/city\/bhubaneswar\/missile-testing-paused-in-odisha-to-save-sea-turtles\/articleshow\/105849125.cms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TOI<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pinna_nobilis\"><\/span><strong>Pinna nobilis<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Environment\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-7\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Marine biologists have recently reported a significant resurgence in the population of a large clam, once on the brink of extinction, in the waters off Croatia.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/dd094292-2a81-4ad4-a9ed-ad5b37011343\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_Pinna_nobilis_A_Critically_Endangered_Marine_Clam\"><\/span><strong>Understanding Pinna nobilis: A Critically Endangered Marine Clam<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview-3\"><\/span><strong>Overview<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pinna nobilis, commonly known as the noble pen shell, is a large species of Mediterranean clam belonging to the marine bivalve mollusc family Pinnidae.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Recognized for its remarkable size, with shells growing up to 1.2 meters across, these clams play a crucial ecological role by filtering seawater, fostering the flourishing of other organisms.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Distinctive_Features\"><\/span><strong>Distinctive Features<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>These clams anchor themselves to rocks using a robust byssus made up of silk-like threads, historically used for cloth production.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The secretion of these fibres, composed of keratin and proteins, can reach lengths of up to 6 cm.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The inner surface of the shell boasts a striking mother-of-pearl lining.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Pinna nobilis also hosts symbiotic shrimp within its shell, believed to provide warnings to the clam in the face of threats, prompting it to close shut.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Distribution_and_Threats\"><\/span><strong>Distribution and Threats<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Endemic to the Mediterranean Sea, Pinna nobilis faces vulnerability to pollution and shell damage due to its relatively fragile nature.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The species experienced a significant decline starting around 2016 due to a deadly pathogen.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conservation_Status\"><\/span><strong>Conservation Status<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>With a critically endangered status according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Pinna nobilis requires urgent conservation efforts to ensure its survival in the Mediterranean ecosystem.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/reader?utm_source=Hindu&amp;utm_medium=Menu&amp;utm_campaign=Header\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pangalokha_Wildlife_Sanctuary\"><\/span><strong>Pangalokha Wildlife Sanctuary<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Environment\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-8\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A Royal Bengal Tiger was recently sighted at an elevation of 3,640 meters in the Pangalokha Wildlife Sanctuary in Sikkim.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/a05fab9a-d048-4518-9356-51592c054b6f\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exploring_Pangalokha_Wildlife_Sanctuary\"><\/span><strong>Exploring Pangalokha Wildlife Sanctuary<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Location_and_Connectivity\"><\/span><strong>Location and Connectivity<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Situated in the East Sikkim district, Pangalokha Wildlife Sanctuary is intricately linked to the forests of Bhutan and Neora Valley National Park in West Bengal.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The Pangolakha Range, positioned below the Chola Range, acts as a natural divide between Sikkim and Bhutan.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vegetation\"><\/span><strong>Vegetation<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Encompassing alpine, temperate, and subtropical vegetation, the sanctuary features high-altitude lakes near JelepLa. Noteworthy flora includes Rhododendron, Silver Fir, Juniper Forest, moss-filled oak forests, and dense bamboo thickets.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rich_Flora_and_Fauna\"><\/span><strong>Rich Flora and Fauna<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The sanctuary boasts a diverse array of charismatic species, including red pandas, snow leopards, Himalayan musk deer, Himalayan goral, and Himalayan black bears.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The habitat is characterized by Rhododendron-covered hills, making it a haven for unique plant and animal life.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The region is further accentuated by its scenic landscapes and the presence of high-altitude lakes.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.deccanherald.com\/india\/sikkim\/royal-bengal-tiger-spotted-in-sikkim-at-an-altitude-of-3640-metre-2804761\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>DH<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ghaggar_River\"><\/span><strong>Ghaggar River<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Environment\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-9\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In an effort to raise awareness about the harmful impact of waste disposal in the Ghaggar River, residents from across the Ghaggar region conducted a cleanliness drive at the Chatt Puja Ghat of the river recently.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/d1af43a0-d5f4-4acc-877d-0210c951ad31\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exploring_the_Ghaggar_River\"><\/span><strong>Exploring the Ghaggar River<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Characteristics\"><\/span><strong>Characteristics<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Ghaggar River is a seasonal watercourse, flowing intermittently and predominantly during the monsoon season.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Course\"><\/span><strong>Course<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Originating from the Shivalik Range in northwestern Himachal Pradesh, the river courses approximately 200 miles (320 km) southwest through Haryana, where it merges with the Saraswati River.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Its journey concludes as it dries up in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Notably, the Ghaggar River contributes to two irrigation canals extending into Rajasthan.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>In Pakistan, the river is known as the Hakra, forming the Ghaggar-Hakra River.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historical_Significance\"><\/span><strong>Historical Significance<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Ghaggar River holds historical importance, with many historians associating it with the Vedic Saraswati River.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>The banks of the Ghaggar have revealed numerous settlements from the Indus Valley Civilization, suggesting a connection to the ingenious Vedic Aryans.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>It is speculated that the riverbed once received the waters of the Sutlej and Yamuna.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tributaries\"><\/span><strong>Tributaries<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Key tributaries of the Ghaggar include the Kaushalya River, Markanda, Sarsuti, Tangri, and Chautang.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/city\/chandigarh\/cleanliness-drive-in-panchkula-to-raise-awareness-on-ghaggar-river-pollution\/articleshow\/105888514.cms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TOI<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Budgetts_frog\"><\/span><strong>Budgett\u2019s frog<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Environment and Ecology\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-10\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science&#8217;s molecular biophysics unit found that peptides from Budgett&#8217;s frog can combat enzymes in disease-causing pathogens.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/edukemy.com\/79b3196f-a284-4145-93c3-2972287f8eb4\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exploring_Budgetts_Frog\"><\/span><strong>Exploring Budgett\u2019s Frog<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Behaviour\"><\/span><strong>Behaviour<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Budgett\u2019s frogs display high intelligence and aggression, employing defensive tactics such as inflating themselves, standing on short legs, and lunging with an open mouth accompanied by a shrill shriek when threatened.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>During the dry season, they retreat to burrows, shedding skin layers to create a waterproof cocoon for moisture retention.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>They leverage exceptional night vision and movement sensitivity for hunting.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HabitatRange\"><\/span><strong>Habitat\/Range<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>These frogs inhabit or near permanent or seasonal bodies of water in Paraguay, Argentina, and Bolivia.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conservation_Status-2\"><\/span><strong>Conservation Status<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Listed as &#8220;Least Concern&#8221; on the IUCN Red List, Budgett\u2019s frogs currently face no imminent conservation threats.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/protein-from-budgetts-frog-can-block-enzymes-of-disease-causing-pathogens-study\/article67624378.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Daily current affairs refer to the most recent and relevant events, developments, and news stories that are happening around the world on a day-to-day basis. These can encompass a wide range of topics, including politics, economics, science, technology, sports, and more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Staying updated with daily current affairs is crucial because it helps individuals make informed decisions in their personal and professional lives. It enables people to understand the world around them, stay aware of significant events, and engage in informed discussions about important issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\"><\/span>Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: There are various sources for daily current affairs, including newspapers, news websites, television news broadcasts, radio programs, and dedicated apps or newsletters. Social media platforms are also widely used to share and access current affairs information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\"><\/span>Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: To incorporate daily current affairs into your routine, consider setting aside specific times each day to read or watch news updates. You can also subscribe to newsletters or follow news apps to receive curated content. Engaging in discussions with peers or participating in online forums can further enhance your understanding of current events.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: When analyzing daily current affairs, it&#8217;s essential to cross-reference information from multiple sources to ensure accuracy. Additionally, consider the source&#8217;s credibility and bias, if any. Develop the ability to identify the main points and implications of news stories, and critically evaluate the significance and impact of the events reported.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants, we explore the latest developments that hold relevance for the upcoming civil services examination.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":19217,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[265],"tags":[160,161,232,140],"class_list":["post-19215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs-upsc","tag-upsc","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19215"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19215\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19222,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19215\/revisions\/19222"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19217"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}