{"id":20189,"date":"2023-12-26T11:03:23","date_gmt":"2023-12-26T11:03:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=20189"},"modified":"2024-01-29T05:24:34","modified_gmt":"2024-01-29T05:24:34","slug":"enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words\/","title":{"rendered":"Enumerate the indirect taxes which have been subsumed in the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India. Also, comment on the revenue implications of the GST introduced in India since July 2017. (150 Words 10 Marks)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-gs-advance-and-mentorship-program-ampcsat?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Link&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Advanced\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43397\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>The implementation of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India in July 2017 marked a significant shift in the country&#8217;s taxation system by subsuming various indirect taxes under a unified framework. The indirect taxes that were replaced by GST include Central Excise Duty, Service Tax, Additional Customs Duty, Central Sales Tax, Value Added Tax (VAT), and various surcharges and cesses. This consolidation aimed to streamline the taxation structure, eliminate cascading effects, and create a more transparent and efficient tax regime. The GST has had notable implications on government revenue, offering a simplified tax structure that promotes ease of compliance. However, the initial transitional challenges and adjustments faced by businesses, coupled with periodic revisions in tax rates, have influenced the revenue dynamics. Despite these challenges, GST has contributed to a more integrated and uniform tax system, fostering economic growth and enhancing the ease of doing business in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:&nbsp; <\/strong>Indian economy and issues related to planning, mobilization of resources, growth development and employment. Government budgeting.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d5b2fe24182\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d5b2fe24182\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words\/#Decoding_the_Question\" title=\"Decoding the Question:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Decoding the Question:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words\/#Answer\" title=\"Answer:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Answer:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words\/#Central_Taxes_subsumed_under_GST\" title=\"Central Taxes subsumed under GST:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Central Taxes subsumed under GST:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words\/#At_the_State_level_the_following_taxes_are_being_subsumed\" title=\"At the State level, the following taxes are being subsumed:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">At the State level, the following taxes are being subsumed:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words\/#Central_Taxes_not_subsumed_under_GST\" title=\"Central Taxes not subsumed under GST:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Central Taxes not subsumed under GST:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words\/#State_Taxes_not_subsumed_under_GST_State_Excise_on_liquor_production_and_some_other_taxes\" title=\"State Taxes not subsumed under GST: State Excise on liquor production and some other taxes.&nbsp;\">State Taxes not subsumed under GST: State Excise on liquor production and some other taxes.&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words\/#Positive_Implications_on_Revenue\" title=\"Positive Implications on Revenue:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Positive Implications on Revenue:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words\/#Negative_Implications_on_Revenue\" title=\"Negative Implications on Revenue:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Negative Implications on Revenue:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/enumerate-the-indirect-taxes-which-have-been-subsumed-in-the-goods-and-services-tax-gst-in-india-also-comment-on-the-revenue-implications-of-the-gst-introduced-in-india-since-july-2017-150-words\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Decoding_the_Question\"><\/span><strong>Decoding the Question:<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>In the Introduction, try to write about Goods and Services Tax (GST) in brief.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>In Body,\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>First, enlist the indirect taxes (both under the Centre and State) that have been subsumed under GST.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Second, discuss the revenue implications of the GST in India since 2017.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Try to conclude with suggestions to improve the impact of GST on the economy.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Answer\"><\/span><strong>Answer:&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>GST is a destination-based indirect tax on consumption of goods or services. It is an indirect, comprehensive, multi-stage, destination-based tax that is levied on every value addition. It was introduced in 2017 by subsuming almost all the indirect taxes of both the Centre and State leading to the realization of the idea of revenue integration of India through <strong>One Nation, One Tax<\/strong>.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42412 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Link&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\">UPSC Essay Course<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Central_Taxes_subsumed_under_GST\"><\/span><strong>Central Taxes subsumed under GST:<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Central Excise Duty.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Additional Excise Duty.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Service Tax.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Additional Customs Duty (Countervailing Duty).&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Special Additional Duty of Customs.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"At_the_State_level_the_following_taxes_are_being_subsumed\"><\/span><strong>At the State level, the following taxes are being subsumed:<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>State Value Added Tax\/Sales Tax.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Entertainment Tax (other than the tax levied by the local bodies).&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Central Sales Tax (levied by the Centre and collected by the States).&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Octroi and Entry tax.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Purchase Tax.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Luxury tax.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Taxes on lottery, betting, and gambling.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Central_Taxes_not_subsumed_under_GST\"><\/span><strong>Central Taxes not subsumed under GST:<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Custom Duty on import and export&nbsp;<\/li><li>Excise on 5 Hydrocarbons&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"State_Taxes_not_subsumed_under_GST_State_Excise_on_liquor_production_and_some_other_taxes\"><\/span><strong>State Taxes not subsumed under GST:<\/strong> State Excise on liquor production and some other taxes.&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Positive_Implications_on_Revenue\"><\/span><strong>Positive Implications on Revenue:&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Tax to GDP Ratio: <\/strong>In its first year of implementation of GST, the tax buoyancy increased to 1.2% and revenue increased to 11.9% compared to the pre-GST period.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Increased Tax Return Filing: People filing tax returns has increased from 5.43 crore in 2016-17 to 6.84 crore in 2017-18.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Formalization of Economy: With increased Employees Provident Fund Organisation subscriber base along with increased registration for GST, provides evidence for greater formalization.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Monthly Collection: <\/strong>It has crossed Rs 1 lakh crore many times, signaling increased overall indirect collection of taxes of both center and state.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Ease of Doing Business: S<\/strong>ubsuming almost all the indirect taxes of both the center and state improved the ease of doing business and integrated the whole economy. This destination-based tax reduced the incidence of tax and increased the confidence of investors in the Indian economy.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Negative_Implications_on_Revenue\"><\/span><strong>Negative Implications on Revenue:&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>State\u2019s Control over Revenue: <\/strong>The Constitution has given power to states to impose taxes on their respective domain. While GST resolved the issue of cascading taxes, it hurts the revenue of states.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>PRS Legislative Research shows that states have control over only 35 percent of tax revenues.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Some States have witnessed a revenue decline in SGST compared to VAT &#8211; Punjab, Himachal Pradesh,&nbsp; Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir,&nbsp; Odisha, Goa, Bihar, Gujarat and others.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Reduced Collection: In 2018-19, indirect taxes fell by 0.4 percentage points of GDP mainly due to a shortfall in GST collections.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>GST compensation: The GST Compensation Act, 2017 guarantees states compensation for any loss of revenue in the first five years of GST implementation, until 2022, through a cess levied on sin and luxury goods. Due to the pandemic, the revenue collection has fallen and there is an estimated compensation shortfall of Rs 2.35 lakh crore.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Inconsistent Tax Buoyancy: Against a target of Rs 1.12 lakh crore a month set for 2018-19, average GST revenues fell short of Rs 1 lakh crore a month. A similar inconsistency was registered in 2020-21 also.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Fake Invoice generation to claim false ITC Claims are increasing.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>While it may appear that GST revenue growth is not spectacular, GST eliminates cascading of taxes and reduces transactional and operational costs, thereby enhancing the ease of doing business and catalyzing the&nbsp; \u201cMake in India\u201d campaign. Therefore, GST is going to be a game changer for our economic growth and employment generation in the long run. This will make the indirect tax structure better and strengthen fiscal federalism.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The implementation of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India in July 2017 marked a significant shift in the country&#8217;s taxation system by subsuming various indirect taxes under a unified framework.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":20190,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1524],"tags":[177,999,142,232,145,140],"class_list":["post-20189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-upsc-mains-solved-paper-gs-3","tag-general-studies-3","tag-goods-and-services-tax","tag-previous_year_questions","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-mains-question-paper","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20189","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20189"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20189\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23871,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20189\/revisions\/23871"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20190"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}