{"id":21404,"date":"2024-01-09T09:27:13","date_gmt":"2024-01-09T09:27:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=21404"},"modified":"2024-03-19T09:53:15","modified_gmt":"2024-03-19T09:53:15","slug":"upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC NCERT Notes &#8211; Geography &#8211; Motions of The Earth"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-prelims-support-program-with-test-series\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"300\" data-id=\"47045\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/bannner-1600-x-1600-2400-x-1392-px-1280-x-300-px-1024x300.png\" alt=\"PSP 2025\" class=\"wp-image-47045\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Studying the motions of the Earth is an essential aspect of understanding the dynamics of our planet&#8217;s physical processes. The UPSC NCERT notes on Geography offer a comprehensive exploration of these motions, unraveling the intricate movements that shape our world. From the Earth&#8217;s rotation on its axis to its revolution around the Sun, these motions govern phenomena such as day and night, the changing seasons, and the Earth&#8217;s climate patterns. Delving into these topics provides crucial insights not only for academic pursuits but also for comprehending the broader implications of Earth&#8217;s motions on various aspects of life, environment, and society. Through the lens of UPSC NCERT notes, students embark on a journey to grasp the complexities of Earth&#8217;s motions and their significance in the broader context of geography and beyond.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Earth stands out as the most extraordinary planet in our solar system, primarily because it sustains life. Its unique features, including the distribution of land and water and the gradual shift of seasons, contribute to its exceptional status. The fundamental aspects of life on Earth are intricately tied to its rotation and revolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d29f1024c5e\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d29f1024c5e\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Introduction\" title=\"Introduction\">Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Types_of_Earths_Motion\" title=\"Types of Earth&#8217;s Motion\">Types of Earth&#8217;s Motion<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Rotation\" title=\"Rotation\">Rotation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Revolution\" title=\"Revolution\">Revolution<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Changing_seasons\" title=\"Changing seasons&nbsp;\">Changing seasons&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Summer_Solstice_June_21st\" title=\"Summer Solstice (June 21st):\">Summer Solstice (June 21st):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Winter_Solstice\" title=\"Winter Solstice\">Winter Solstice<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Heat_Distribution_on_Earth\" title=\"Heat Distribution on Earth\">Heat Distribution on Earth<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Equinox\" title=\"Equinox\">Equinox<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Varying_Length_of_Day_and_Night\" title=\"Varying Length of Day and Night\">Varying Length of Day and Night<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Eclipses\" title=\"Eclipses\">Eclipses<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Solar_Eclipse\" title=\"Solar Eclipse\">Solar Eclipse<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Solar_Eclipse-2\" title=\"Solar Eclipse\">Solar Eclipse<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#1_Total_Solar_Eclipse\" title=\"1. Total Solar Eclipse\">1. Total Solar Eclipse<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#2Annular_Solar_Eclipse\" title=\"2..Annular Solar Eclipse\">2..Annular Solar Eclipse<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#3_Partial_Solar_Eclipse\" title=\"3. Partial Solar Eclipse\">3. Partial Solar Eclipse<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#4_Hybrid_Solar_Eclipse\" title=\"4. Hybrid Solar Eclipse\">4. Hybrid Solar Eclipse<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Lunar_Eclipse\" title=\"Lunar Eclipse\">Lunar Eclipse<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#1_Total_Lunar_Eclipse\" title=\"1. Total Lunar Eclipse\">1. Total Lunar Eclipse<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#2_Partial_Lunar_Eclipse\" title=\"2. Partial Lunar Eclipse\">2. Partial Lunar Eclipse<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#3_Penumbral_Eclipse\" title=\"3. Penumbral Eclipse\">3. Penumbral Eclipse<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Super_Moon_Blue_Moon_and_Blood_Moon\" title=\"Super Moon, Blue Moon, and Blood Moon\">Super Moon, Blue Moon, and Blood Moon<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Prelims_Facts\" title=\"Prelims Facts\">Prelims Facts<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#UPSC_NCERT_Practice_Questions\" title=\"UPSC NCERT Practice Questions\">UPSC NCERT Practice Questions<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#1_The_time_taken_by_the_Earth_to_revolve_around_the_Sun\" title=\"1. The time taken by the Earth to revolve around the Sun\">1. The time taken by the Earth to revolve around the Sun<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#2_On_what_date_does_the_summer_solstice_fall_during_the_year_when_the_path_of_the_Sun_in_the_sky_is_the_farthest_North_in_the_Northern_hemisphere\" title=\"2. On what date does the summer solstice fall during the year when the path of the Sun in the sky is the farthest North in the Northern hemisphere?\">2. On what date does the summer solstice fall during the year when the path of the Sun in the sky is the farthest North in the Northern hemisphere?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#3_What_causes_the_change_of_seasons\" title=\"3. What causes the change of seasons?\">3. What causes the change of seasons?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#4_The_movement_of_the_Earth_around_the_Sun_is_known_as\" title=\"4. The movement of the Earth around the Sun is known as\">4. The movement of the Earth around the Sun is known as<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#5_Consider_the_following_statements_and_select_the_correct_answer_by_using_the_codes_given_below\" title=\"5. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer by using the codes given below.\">5. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer by using the codes given below.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#UPPSC_Pre_2000\" title=\"UPPSC (Pre) 2000\">UPPSC (Pre) 2000<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#6_To_a_perpendicular_to_the_plane_of_ecliptic_the_Earths_axis_of_rotation_makes_an_angle_of_23%C2%BD%C2%B0_had_this_angle_had_been_0%C2%B0_which_one_among_the_following_would_result\" title=\"6. To a perpendicular to the plane of ecliptic, the Earth&#8217;s axis of rotation makes an angle of 23\u00bd\u00b0, had this angle had been 0\u00b0, which one among the following would result?\">6. To a perpendicular to the plane of ecliptic, the Earth&#8217;s axis of rotation makes an angle of 23\u00bd\u00b0, had this angle had been 0\u00b0, which one among the following would result?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#7_The_equatorial_region_has_no_other_season_except_summer_What_could_be_the_reason\" title=\"7. The equatorial region has no other season except summer. What could be the reason?\">7. The equatorial region has no other season except summer. What could be the reason?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#8_The_summer_and_winter_seasons_in_a_year_are_caused_by\" title=\"8. The summer and winter seasons in a year are caused by\">8. The summer and winter seasons in a year are caused by<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#9_Why_do_we_have_a_leap_year_after_every_4_years\" title=\"9. Why do we have a leap year after every 4 years?&nbsp;\">9. Why do we have a leap year after every 4 years?&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#10_When_does_a_lunar_eclipse_happen_UPPSC_Pre_2010\" title=\"10. When does a lunar eclipse happen? UPPSC (Pre) 2010&nbsp;\">10. When does a lunar eclipse happen? UPPSC (Pre) 2010&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#11_When_the_Moon_size_is_half_of_the_Full_Moon_the_angle_between_the_Sun_the_Earth_and_the_Moon_is_UPPSC_Pre_2005\" title=\"11. When the Moon size is half of the Full Moon, the angle between the Sun, the Earth and the Moon is UPPSC (Pre) 2005\">11. When the Moon size is half of the Full Moon, the angle between the Sun, the Earth and the Moon is UPPSC (Pre) 2005<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Know_Right_Answer\" title=\"Know Right Answer\">Know Right Answer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Q1_What_are_the_motions_of_the_Earth_that_affect_its_geography_according_to_UPSC_NCERT_notes\" title=\"Q1: What are the motions of the Earth that affect its geography according to UPSC NCERT notes?\">Q1: What are the motions of the Earth that affect its geography according to UPSC NCERT notes?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Q2_How_do_the_motions_of_the_Earth_contribute_to_the_formation_of_seasons\" title=\"Q2: How do the motions of the Earth contribute to the formation of seasons?\">Q2: How do the motions of the Earth contribute to the formation of seasons?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Q3_How_do_the_motions_of_the_Earth_impact_ocean_currents_and_weather_patterns_as_per_UPSC_NCERT_notes_on_Geography\" title=\"Q3: How do the motions of the Earth impact ocean currents and weather patterns, as per UPSC NCERT notes on Geography?\">Q3: How do the motions of the Earth impact ocean currents and weather patterns, as per UPSC NCERT notes on Geography?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-geography-motions-of-the-earth\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;\u00a0here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;\u00a0here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Earth&#8217;s axis, an imaginary line, forms an angle of 66\u00bd\u00b0 with its <strong>orbital plane<\/strong>\u2014the plane created by its orbit around the Sun.<\/li><li><strong>Illumination on Earth i<\/strong>s a result of sunlight from the Sun. Due to the spherical shape of the Earth, only one-half receives sunlight at any given time. The side facing the Sun experiences day, while the opposite side undergoes night.<\/li><li>Earth&#8217;s spherical shape ensures that half of its surface is exposed to sunlight while the other half remains in darkness. Consequently, one part experiences day, and the other experiences night. The demarcation between day and night on Earth is known as the Circle of Illumination.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_Earths_Motion\"><\/span>Types of Earth&#8217;s Motion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Earth, the lone habitable planet in our solar system, exhibits two distinct motions: rotation (around its axis) and revolution (around the Sun). Let&#8217;s delve into these motions:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rotation\"><\/span>Rotation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Rotation is Earth&#8217;s motion along its axis, an imaginary line extending from the<strong> North Pole to the South Pole<\/strong>. The Earth rotates from West to East, causing the Sun, Moon, and stars to appear to rise in the East and set in the West.<\/li><li>The Earth completes one full rotation around its axis in 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds, constituting the Earth-day or Sidereal day. This duration represents the time required for Earth to rotate 360\u00b0 on its axis.<\/li><li>The rotational speed varies across latitudes, with the velocity decreasing from the equator towards the poles. At the equator, the rotational speed is 1700 km\/h. Earth&#8217;s rotation induces a deflection in ocean and air currents due to the Coriolis force, causing winds to deflect to the right in the Northern hemisphere and to the left in the Southern hemisphere. This rotational effect also leads to the formation of gyres, large rotating pools of water in the oceans.<\/li><li>Earth&#8217;s rotation has several consequential effects:<ul><li>It creates a diurnal cycle of light and darkness, resulting in temperature and humidity changes.<\/li><li>It causes the day-night cycle.<\/li><li>It influences tides, leading to the twice-daily rise and fall of sea levels.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Revolution, on the other hand, is the motion of the Earth along its elliptical orbit around the Sun, taking 365.4 days (one year) to complete. To account for the surplus six hours each year, an extra day is added to February every four years, creating a leap year with<strong> 366 days.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Revolution\"><\/span>Revolution<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>During its revolution, Earth travels an average distance of approximately 150 million km around the Sun.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The speed of revolution is about 29.6 km per second or 107,000 km\/hr.<\/li><li>This revolution is responsible for the occurrence of seasons on Earth. Earth&#8217;s orbital path is an ellipse, causing variations in its distance from the Sun.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Perihelion, the closest point to the Sun (147 million km), occurs around January 3rd, while aphelion, the farthest point (152 million km), occurs around July 4th.<\/li><li>The consequences of Earth&#8217;s revolution include:<ul><li>Changing seasons across hemispheres due to the tilt of the Earth&#8217;s axis.<\/li><li>Influence on the development of water in seas and the direction of tides.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Impact on wind patterns, redirecting winds and ocean currents in the Northern and Southern hemispheres.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Changing_seasons\"><\/span>Changing seasons&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The changing seasons result from the tilt of Earth&#8217;s axis during its revolution around the Sun. Different inclinations of the Sun&#8217;s rays at various times in the same location lead to variations in heat distribution, causing summer or winter seasons on Earth. The main stages experienced due to Earth&#8217;s revolution include:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Summer_Solstice_June_21st\"><\/span>Summer Solstice (June 21st):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Northern hemisphere tilts towards the Sun.<\/li><li>Sun&#8217;s rays directly fall on the Tropic of Cancer (23.5\u00b0 latitude North), resulting in areas receiving more heat.<\/li><li>Areas near the poles receive less heat as the Sun&#8217;s rays are slanting.<\/li><li>The North pole is inclined towards the Sun, and places beyond the Arctic circle experience continuous daylight for about six months.<\/li><li>Since, a large portion of the Northern hemisphere is getting light from the Sun, it is summer in the regions of North of the equator. The longest day and the shortest night at these places occur on 21st June.<\/li><li>At this time in the Southern hemisphere, all these conditions are reversed. It is winter season there. The nights are longer than the days. This position of the Earth on 21st June is called the Summer Solstice in the Northern hemisphere<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/YjCOcUdPwQHaETfghFJI2EO34RxRZoLTw13d7fMqwjkRDDlPZ9VzXrDbWWTf9UXPVmwfDVqvSvbDPGneiM9nF-laYkjDv8V9BqJCBND64UKlt3LwQ0zJqL5mJ2AKRXblGMwR-SzmwMhWWFjAnTs-F3M\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Winter_Solstice\"><\/span>Winter Solstice<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>On December 22nd<\/strong>, the Tropic of Capricorn receives direct rays from the Sun as the South pole tilts towards it. The Sun&#8217;s rays fall vertically at the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5\u00b0 South), illuminating a larger portion of the Southern hemisphere.<\/li><li>Consequently, it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere with longer days and shorter nights. In the Northern Hemisphere, the reverse occurs, marking the winter season with shorter days than nights. This Earth position is known as the Winter Solstice.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Heat_Distribution_on_Earth\"><\/span>Heat Distribution on Earth<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>When vertical rays fall on a specific part of the Earth, the absorption of heat is greater. Conversely, when oblique rays of the Sun hit a region, the absorption of heat is reduced. It is a well-known fact that there is more heat in the afternoon and less heat in the morning and evening. This is because the Sun&#8217;s rays directly hit the surface in the afternoon, while they are<strong> oblique<\/strong> in the morning and evening.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Equinox\"><\/span>Equinox<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>On March 21st and September 23rd, direct rays of the Sun fall on the equator. During this alignment, neither pole is tilted towards the Sun, resulting in equal day and night duration across the entire Earth. This phenomenon is known as an equinox.<\/li><li>On <strong>September 23rd<\/strong>, it is autumn in the Northern hemisphere and spring in the Southern hemisphere, referred to as the autumn equinox. Conversely, on<strong> March 21st<\/strong>, it is spring in the Northern Hemisphere and autumn in the Southern Hemisphere, known as the <strong>vernal or spring equinox.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Varying_Length_of_Day_and_Night\"><\/span>Varying Length of Day and Night<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Earth&#8217;s axis is inclined to the plane of the ecliptic at an angle of 66.5\u00b0. This inclination contributes to different seasons and varying lengths of day and night throughout the year.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-cse-gs-integrated-course?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Integrated\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42401 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Eclipses\"><\/span>Eclipses<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>An eclipse occurs when a celestial body obstructs the Sun&#8217;s light. There are two types of eclipses: solar and lunar.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Solar_Eclipse\"><\/span>Solar Eclipse<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A solar eclipse takes place near the <strong>New Moon<\/strong> position when the Moon is between the Sun and Earth, blocking a portion or the entirety of the Sun as seen from Earth.<\/li><li>Conjunction, when the Sun and Moon align on one side of the Earth, precedes a solar eclipse.<\/li><li>Unlike a solar eclipse, which is visible only from a specific area of the world, a lunar eclipse can be observed from anywhere on the Earth&#8217;s night side.<\/li><li>During a total eclipse, the Moon&#8217;s shadow is short enough to cover the entire Sun, resulting in the outer region of the Sun glowing and appearing bright, resembling a ring\u2014referred to as a <strong>diamond ring.<\/strong><\/li><li>There are four types of solar eclipses: total, annular, partial, and hybrid.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Solar_Eclipse-2\"><\/span>Solar Eclipse<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Total Solar Eclipse<\/li><li>Annular Solar Eclipse<\/li><li>Partial Solar Eclipse<\/li><li>Hybrid Solar Eclipse<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Total_Solar_Eclipse\"><\/span><strong>1. Total Solar Eclipse<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>&nbsp;A total solar eclipse occurs when the New Moon comes between the Sun and Earth and casts the darkest part of its shadow, the Umbra on Earth. A full solar eclipse is known as a <strong>totalit<\/strong>y is almost as dark as night.<\/li><li>During a<strong> total eclipse<\/strong> of the Sun, the Moon covers the entire disk of the Sun. It is called a total eclipse because at the maximum point of the eclipse (midpoint of time of totality), the sky goes dark and temperatures can fall.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/b4cBUy-txO4Hw8YKByWaAVjaqTaXXwpl5uADl3ux9Y93DR_qNpoYFAOc9PlUPYepwWv6n74S332xMiQ3oMiUgwx2KwCUmlceKLUbhnWyXVxBFkXNoMwikyhmPC9DsXe_P6VOiQ_7gWWpZMMp0fiaq44\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The total eclipse has a brief duration, with the longest recorded total eclipse lasting only up to 7 minutes.<\/li><li>The deep, dark region of the Sun or Moon covered by the vertical shadow of a celestial body, such as Earth or Moon, is known as<strong> Umbra<\/strong>, while the faint shadow region is referred to as Penumbra.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2Annular_Solar_Eclipse\"><\/span><strong>2..Annular Solar Eclipse<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves between the Sun and Earth but is at or near its farthest point from Earth.<\/li><li>Due to the Moon&#8217;s increased distance, it appears smaller than the Sun and fails to completely cover it.<\/li><li>The annular solar eclipse typically lasts for around 12 minutes or more, sometimes resembling a total eclipse.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Partial_Solar_Eclipse\"><\/span><strong>3. Partial Solar Eclipse<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A partial solar eclipse takes place when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, but the three celestial bodies are not perfectly aligned.<\/li><li>Only a portion of the Sun is obscured, creating a crescent shape. Locations farther from the poles under the Penumbra zone cannot witness the complete eclipse.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Hybrid_Solar_Eclipse\"><\/span><strong>4. Hybrid Solar Eclipse<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Due to the curved surface of the Earth, an eclipse may transition between annular and total phases as the Moon&#8217;s shadow traverses the globe.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lunar_Eclipse\"><\/span>Lunar Eclipse<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A lunar eclipse occurs near the Full Moon position, with the Earth situated between the Sun and the Moon, casting a shadow on the lunar surface.<\/li><li>The Moon&#8217;s orbital plane is inclined 5\u00b0 to the Earth&#8217;s orbital plane, preventing eclipses from happening at every Full Moon or New Moon.<\/li><li><strong>Syzygy <\/strong>is the alignment position when Earth aligns in a straight line between the Sun and the Moon, resulting in a lunar eclipse.<\/li><li>Lunar eclipses last for several hours, whereas total solar eclipses have a much shorter duration due to the Moon&#8217;s smaller shadow. Lunar eclipses are more frequent than solar eclipses.<\/li><li>There are three types of lunar eclipses: total lunar eclipse, penumbral lunar eclipse, and partial lunar eclipse.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Total_Lunar_Eclipse\"><\/span><strong>1. Total Lunar Eclipse<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth is positioned between the Sun and the Moon, casting its shadow on the lunar surface.<\/li><li>While the Moon doesn&#8217;t vanish completely, the darkness may create confusion about its visibility.<\/li><li>Additionally, sunlight refracted from the Earth&#8217;s surface gives the Moon a faint glow.<\/li><li>Total lunar eclipses occur approximately once every year and a half, according to <strong>NASA <\/strong>(National Aeronautics and Space Administration).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Partial_Lunar_Eclipse\"><\/span><strong>2. Partial Lunar Eclipse<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>An imperfect alignment of the Sun, Earth and Moon results in the Moon passing through only part of Earth&#8217;s umbra.<\/li><li>The shadow grows and then recedes without ever entirely covering the Moon.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Penumbral_Eclipse\"><\/span><strong>3. Penumbral Eclipse<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Moon travels through Earth&#8217;s penumbra or the faint outer part of its shadow<\/li><li>The Moon dims so slightly that it can be difficult to notice.<\/li><li>A maximum of 7 eclipses can occur in a year including both solar and lunar eclipses. They do not take place on every Full Moon and New Moon<\/li><li>This is because the Moon&#8217;s orbit is tilted at about 5 degrees to Earth&#8217;s orbit&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Super_Moon_Blue_Moon_and_Blood_Moon\"><\/span>Super Moon, Blue Moon, and Blood Moon<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Super Moon<\/strong> When the Moon is at the minimum distance from the Earth it is referred to as Super Moon. It is also referred to as a perigee or Full Moon. The Moon appears 14% larger and 30% brighter. The last Super Moon lunar eclipse occurred in 1982 and the next won&#8217;t take place until 2033.<\/li><li><strong>Blue Moon<\/strong> In the case of the occurrence of two Full Moons in a calendar month, the second Moon is referred to as a Blue Moon. Blue Moon year refers to the occurrence of a Blue Moon in two or more months in a particular year. 2018 was a Blue Moon year.<\/li><li>Blood Moon Four lunar eclipses that occur in a row are called Blood Moon. This term comes from the reddish glow of a Full Moon, which takes place when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, blocking the Sun&#8217;s light.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/refer-and-earn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46428 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/refer-and-earn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Refer &amp; Earn NOW<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prelims_Facts\"><\/span>Prelims Facts<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The balance between the upstanding and low lying parts of the Earth crust is known as -Isostasy (BPSC (Pre) 20221<\/li><li>The relation of the Earth about its axis affects the direction of the wind and this force is called Coriolis Force (BPSC (Pre) 2022)<\/li><li>In the Northern hemisphere, the longest day of the year normally occurs in the &#8211; Second half of the month of June [IAS (Pre) 2021)<\/li><li>The diamond ring God&#8217;s eye and Baily&#8217;s beats are the parts of -Solar eclipse (BPSC (Pre) 2018]<\/li><li>The total length of Earth&#8217;s Equator is about 40,000 km (UKPSC (P\u0442\u0435) 2010]<\/li><li>When the Earth is at the minimum distance from the Sun, then this position is called &#8211; Perihelion [LAS (Pre) 2010]<\/li><li>The circle which divides the day and night on Earth is known as &#8211; Circle of illumination [UPPSC (Pre) 2006<\/li><li>When the Sun, Earth and the Moon are aligned in a straight line, this position is called -Syzygy (UPPSC (Pre) 2008]<\/li><li>The Earth rotates on its axis at an inclination of 23.5\u00b0 (UPPSC (Pre) 2016]<\/li><li>The innermost and darkest part of a shadow, when the light source is completely blocked by the occluding body is called Umbra [IAS (Pre) 2020)<\/li><li>What causes wind to deflect towards left in the Southern hemisphere ? Rotation of the Earth [IAS (Pre) 2010)<\/li><li>The Earth rotates on its axis at an inclination of&nbsp; 23.5\u00b0 (UPPSC (Pre) 2016]<\/li><li>In completing one revolution of the Sun, Earth takes approximately &#8211; 365.5 days [BPSC (Pre) 1996]<\/li><li>Variations in the length of day time and night time from season to season are due to revolution of the Earth on a tilted axis [IAS (Pre) 2013<\/li><li>The Earth rotates on its axis in which direction? &#8211; West to East (CGPSC (Pre) 2016<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_NCERT_Practice_Questions\"><\/span>UPSC NCERT Practice Questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_The_time_taken_by_the_Earth_to_revolve_around_the_Sun\"><\/span>1. The time taken by the Earth to revolve around the Sun<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) 364 days<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) 365 days<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) 364 days<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) 30 days<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_On_what_date_does_the_summer_solstice_fall_during_the_year_when_the_path_of_the_Sun_in_the_sky_is_the_farthest_North_in_the_Northern_hemisphere\"><\/span>2. On what date does the summer solstice fall during the year when the path of the Sun in the sky is the farthest North in the Northern hemisphere?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) 20th or 21st August<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) 20th or 21st July<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) 20th or 21st June<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) 2nd or 3rd June<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_What_causes_the_change_of_seasons\"><\/span>3. What causes the change of seasons?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Earth&#8217;s rotation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Earth&#8217;s revolution<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) Earth&#8217;s revolution and inclination of its axis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) Earth&#8217;s rotation and inclination of its axis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_The_movement_of_the_Earth_around_the_Sun_is_known_as\"><\/span>4. The movement of the Earth around the Sun is known as<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) rotation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) revolution&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) inclination<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) eccentricity<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Consider_the_following_statements_and_select_the_correct_answer_by_using_the_codes_given_below\"><\/span>5. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer by using the codes given below.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPPSC_Pre_2000\"><\/span>UPPSC (Pre) 2000<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1. The Northern end of the Earth&#8217;s axis is called &#8216;North pole&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. 45&#8243; latitude is half of the length of the equator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Earth&#8217;s axis are parallel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. The Earth&#8217;s speed of revolution is faster in aphelion position.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Codes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) 1 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_To_a_perpendicular_to_the_plane_of_ecliptic_the_Earths_axis_of_rotation_makes_an_angle_of_23%C2%BD%C2%B0_had_this_angle_had_been_0%C2%B0_which_one_among_the_following_would_result\"><\/span>6. To a perpendicular to the plane of ecliptic, the Earth&#8217;s axis of rotation makes an angle of 23\u00bd\u00b0, had this angle had been 0\u00b0, which one among the following would result?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) There would have been no seasons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) The length of day and night would have been the same throughout the year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) The length of day and night would have been the same all over the Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) All of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_The_equatorial_region_has_no_other_season_except_summer_What_could_be_the_reason\"><\/span>7. The equatorial region has no other season except summer. What could be the reason?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1. The length of day and night is more or less equal over the year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. The Earth&#8217;s rotational velocity is maximum at the equator<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. The Coriolis force is zero at the equator. Codes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Only 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) All of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_The_summer_and_winter_seasons_in_a_year_are_caused_by\"><\/span>8. The summer and winter seasons in a year are caused by<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) aphelion (farthest) and perihelion (nearest) positions of the Earth from the Sun during the<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>annual revolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) rotation of the Earth on its axis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) variation in solar insolation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) revolution of the Earth on its inclined axis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_Why_do_we_have_a_leap_year_after_every_4_years\"><\/span>9. Why do we have a leap year after every 4 years?&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) The Earth gets shifted out of orbit every 4 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) The revolution slows down a little once every 4 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) The length of a year is not an integer number of days<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) It is a convention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_When_does_a_lunar_eclipse_happen_UPPSC_Pre_2010\"><\/span>10. When does a lunar eclipse happen? UPPSC (Pre) 2010&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) When the Moon comes between the Earth and the Sun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) When the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) When the Sun comes between the Earth and the Moon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_When_the_Moon_size_is_half_of_the_Full_Moon_the_angle_between_the_Sun_the_Earth_and_the_Moon_is_UPPSC_Pre_2005\"><\/span>11. When the Moon size is half of the Full Moon, the angle between the Sun, the Earth and the Moon is UPPSC (Pre) 2005<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) 45\u00b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) 90\u00b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) 180\u00b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) 270\u00b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Know_Right_Answer\"><\/span>Know Right Answer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>1. (b)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. (c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. (c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. (b)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. (d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. (a)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. (a)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8. (d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9. (c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10. (b)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11. (b)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_What_are_the_motions_of_the_Earth_that_affect_its_geography_according_to_UPSC_NCERT_notes\"><\/span><strong>Q1: What are the motions of the Earth that affect its geography according to UPSC NCERT notes?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: The Earth undergoes two main motions that significantly impact its geography &#8211; rotation and revolution. Rotation refers to the Earth&#8217;s spinning on its axis, leading to day and night cycles. Revolution, on the other hand, is the Earth&#8217;s orbit around the Sun, causing seasonal changes. These motions influence climate patterns, ocean currents, and the distribution of sunlight, thereby shaping the geographical features of the planet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q2_How_do_the_motions_of_the_Earth_contribute_to_the_formation_of_seasons\"><\/span><strong>Q2: How do the motions of the Earth contribute to the formation of seasons?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: The axial tilt and revolution of the Earth play a crucial role in the creation of seasons. As the Earth revolves around the Sun, different parts receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year. The axial tilt results in the changing angle at which sunlight strikes different regions during different times of the year, causing variations in temperature and the distinct seasons &#8211; spring, summer, autumn, and winter. This phenomenon is fundamental in understanding the Earth&#8217;s climatic zones and vegetation patterns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q3_How_do_the_motions_of_the_Earth_impact_ocean_currents_and_weather_patterns_as_per_UPSC_NCERT_notes_on_Geography\"><\/span><strong>Q3: How do the motions of the Earth impact ocean currents and weather patterns, as per UPSC NCERT notes on Geography?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: The Earth&#8217;s rotation influences the Coriolis effect, causing moving air and water to curve. This effect, combined with the uneven heating of the Earth&#8217;s surface due to its axial tilt and revolution, leads to the creation of atmospheric circulation and ocean currents. These currents play a pivotal role in shaping weather patterns, redistributing heat, and influencing precipitation. The study of these motions is crucial for understanding global climate systems and their impact on regional geography.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@EduKemyforIAS\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Studying the motions of the Earth is an essential aspect of understanding the dynamics of our planet&#8217;s physical processes. The UPSC NCERT notes<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":21414,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1313],"tags":[1315,2715,1052,232,140],"class_list":["post-21404","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ncert-geography-notes","tag-earth","tag-motions-of-the-earth","tag-ncert-notes","tag-upsc","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21404","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21404"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21404\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34777,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21404\/revisions\/34777"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21414"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21404"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21404"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21404"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}