{"id":23584,"date":"2024-01-25T11:31:32","date_gmt":"2024-01-25T11:31:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=23584"},"modified":"2024-03-28T05:06:27","modified_gmt":"2024-03-28T05:06:27","slug":"upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC NCERT Notes &#8211; Modern History &#8211; Revolt of 1857"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-history?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=History\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Revolt of 1857, also known as the First War of Independence or the Sepoy Mutiny, stands as a pivotal chapter in India&#8217;s modern history. Aspirants preparing for the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) examinations delve into the intricacies of this historic event through the lens of NCERT notes. These notes serve as an indispensable resource, offering a comprehensive understanding of the socio-political landscape leading up to the revolt, the catalysts that ignited the uprising, and its far-reaching consequences. The UPSC NCERT notes on the Revolt of 1857 provide a nuanced perspective, unraveling the complex tapestry of events that shaped the course of India&#8217;s struggle against colonial rule. As candidates embark on their UPSC journey, a thorough grasp of this crucial period becomes essential, and these meticulously crafted notes serve as a beacon guiding them through the multifaceted dimensions of the Revolt of 1857.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The biggest threat to the British colonial power during its rule in India. This was the major uprising against the rule of British East India Company. It is primarily considered the first ever gaint step of Indians to free its own nation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69fd6848ede29\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69fd6848ede29\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Introduction\" title=\"Introduction\">Introduction<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Pre-1857_Sepoy_Revolts\" title=\"Pre-1857 Sepoy Revolts\">Pre-1857 Sepoy Revolts<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Bengal_Sepoy_Mutiny_1764\" title=\"Bengal Sepoy Mutiny (1764)\">Bengal Sepoy Mutiny (1764)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Vellore_Mutiny_1806\" title=\"Vellore Mutiny (1806)\">Vellore Mutiny (1806)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Barrackpore_Mutiny_1824\" title=\"Barrackpore Mutiny (1824)\">Barrackpore Mutiny (1824)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Causes_of_the_1857_Revolt\" title=\"Causes of the 1857 Revolt\">Causes of the 1857 Revolt<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Political_Grievances\" title=\"Political Grievances\">Political Grievances<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Subsidiary_Alliance_and_Doctrine_of_Lapse\" title=\"Subsidiary Alliance and Doctrine of Lapse\">Subsidiary Alliance and Doctrine of Lapse<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Administrative_Grievances\" title=\"Administrative Grievances\">Administrative Grievances<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Socio-Religious_Factors\" title=\"Socio-Religious Factors\">Socio-Religious Factors<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Economic_Factors\" title=\"Economic Factors\">Economic Factors<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Military_Causes\" title=\"Military Causes\">Military Causes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Immediate_Cause\" title=\"Immediate Cause\">Immediate Cause<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Enfield_P-53_rifle\" title=\"Enfield P-53 rifle\">Enfield P-53 rifle<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Outside_Influences_on_the_Revolt_of_1857\" title=\"Outside Influences on the Revolt of 1857\">Outside Influences on the Revolt of 1857<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Beginning_and_course_of_Revolt\" title=\"Beginning and course of Revolt\">Beginning and course of Revolt<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Spread_of_the_Mutiny_and_Revolt\" title=\"Spread of the Mutiny and Revolt\">Spread of the Mutiny and Revolt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Important_Centres_of_Revolt\" title=\"Important Centres of Revolt\">Important Centres of Revolt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Different_Leaders_Associated_with_the_Revolt_of_1857\" title=\"Different Leaders Associated with the Revolt of 1857\">Different Leaders Associated with the Revolt of 1857<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Causes_of_the_Failure_of_the_Revolt\" title=\"Causes of the Failure of the Revolt\">Causes of the Failure of the Revolt<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Lack_of_a_Unified_Ideology\" title=\"Lack of a Unified Ideology\">Lack of a Unified Ideology<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Lack_of_Unity_Among_Leaders\" title=\"Lack of Unity Among Leaders\">Lack of Unity Among Leaders<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Lack_of_Support_from_Regional_Powers\" title=\"Lack of Support from Regional Powers\">Lack of Support from Regional Powers<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Lack_of_Support_from_Educated_Indians\" title=\"Lack of Support from Educated Indians\">Lack of Support from Educated Indians<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Military_Superiority_of_the_British\" title=\"Military Superiority of the British\">Military Superiority of the British<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Consequences_of_the_Revolt\" title=\"Consequences of the Revolt\">Consequences of the Revolt<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Significance_of_the_Revolt\" title=\"Significance of the Revolt\">Significance of the Revolt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Impact_of_the_RevoltMutiny\" title=\"Impact of the Revolt\/Mutiny\">Impact of the Revolt\/Mutiny<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Political_Impact\" title=\"Political Impact\">Political Impact<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Queens_Proclamation_1858\" title=\"Queen&#8217;s Proclamation 1858\">Queen&#8217;s Proclamation 1858<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Government_of_India_Act_1858\" title=\"Government of India Act, 1858\">Government of India Act, 1858<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Reorganization_of_the_Army\" title=\"Reorganization of the Army\">Reorganization of the Army<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Social_and_Cultural_Impact\" title=\"Social and Cultural Impact\">Social and Cultural Impact<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Different_Views_Related_to_the_Nature_of_Revolt\" title=\"Different Views Related to the Nature of Revolt\">Different Views Related to the Nature of Revolt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#British_Officials_Associated_with_Revolt\" title=\"British Officials Associated with Revolt\">British Officials Associated with Revolt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Books_related_to_the_Revolt_of_1857\" title=\"Books related to the Revolt of 1857\">Books related to the Revolt of 1857<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Prelims_Facts\" title=\"Prelims Facts\">Prelims Facts<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#UPSC_NCERT_Practice_Questions\" title=\"UPSC NCERT Practice Questions\">UPSC NCERT Practice Questions<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#1_Which_of_the_following_was_not_the_reason_for_making_the_sepoys_of_the_East_India_Company_rebellious_BPSC_Pre_2018\" title=\"1. Which of the following was not the reason for making the sepoys of the East India Company rebellious? BPSC (Pre) 2018\">1. Which of the following was not the reason for making the sepoys of the East India Company rebellious? BPSC (Pre) 2018<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#2_Which_of_the_following_statements_about_the_first_Act_of_the_Revolt_of_1857_isare_true\" title=\"2. Which of the following statements about the first Act of the Revolt of 1857 is\/are true?\">2. Which of the following statements about the first Act of the Revolt of 1857 is\/are true?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#3_Which_of_the_following_brave_from_Bhopal_led_the_main_movement_and_sacrificed_his_life_during_the_First_Struggle_for_Independence_in_1857_MPPSC_Pre_2019\" title=\"3. Which of the following brave from Bhopal led the main movement and sacrificed his life during the First Struggle for Independence in 1857? MPPSC (Pre) 2019\">3. Which of the following brave from Bhopal led the main movement and sacrificed his life during the First Struggle for Independence in 1857? MPPSC (Pre) 2019<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#4_Which_of_the_following_persons_had_participated_actively_in_the_Revolt_of_1857_BPSC_Pre_2020\" title=\"4. Which of the following persons had participated actively in the Revolt of 1857? BPSC (Pre) 2020\">4. Which of the following persons had participated actively in the Revolt of 1857? BPSC (Pre) 2020<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#5_Who_was_the_leader_of_the_rebellion_in_Bareilly_Uttar_Pradesh_during_1857UPPSC_Pre_2023\" title=\"5. Who was the leader of the rebellion in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh during 1857?UPPSC (Pre) 2023\">5. Who was the leader of the rebellion in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh during 1857?UPPSC (Pre) 2023<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#6_Which_among_the_following_British_officers_lost_their_lives_at_Lucknow_UPPSC_Pre_2008\" title=\"6. Which among the following British officers lost their lives at Lucknow? UPPSC (Pre) 2008\">6. Which among the following British officers lost their lives at Lucknow? UPPSC (Pre) 2008<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#7_In_the_middle_of_the_19th_century_Indian_nationalism_was_in_its_embryonic_stage_Historians_who_believe_in_this_fact_were_MPPSC_Pre_2021\" title=\"7. In the middle of the 19th century, Indian nationalism was in its embryonic stage. Historians who believe in this fact were MPPSC (Pre) 2021\">7. In the middle of the 19th century, Indian nationalism was in its embryonic stage. Historians who believe in this fact were MPPSC (Pre) 2021<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#8_Which_of_the_following_statements_are_correct_about_the_Revolt_of_1857\" title=\"8. Which of the following statements are correct about the Revolt of 1857?\">8. Which of the following statements are correct about the Revolt of 1857?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#9_Which_of_the_following_groups_did_not_participate_in_the_Revolt_of_1857_BPSC_Pre_1995\" title=\"9. Which of the following groups did not participate in the Revolt of 1857? BPSC (Pre) 1995\">9. Which of the following groups did not participate in the Revolt of 1857? BPSC (Pre) 1995<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#10_Which_one_of_the_following_conceptions_is_true_about_the_Revolt_of_1857_UPPSC_Mains_2010\" title=\"10. Which one of the following conceptions is true about the Revolt of 1857? UPPSC (Mains) 2010\">10. Which one of the following conceptions is true about the Revolt of 1857? UPPSC (Mains) 2010<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#11_What_waswere_the_objectobjects_of_Queen_Victorias_Proclamation_1858_IAS_Pre_2014\" title=\"11. What was\/were the object\/objects of Queen Victoria&#8217;s Proclamation (1858)? IAS (Pre) 2014\">11. What was\/were the object\/objects of Queen Victoria&#8217;s Proclamation (1858)? IAS (Pre) 2014<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Know_Right_Answer\" title=\"Know Right Answer\">Know Right Answer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#1_Question_What_were_the_main_causes_of_the_Revolt_of_1857\" title=\"1. Question: What were the main causes of the Revolt of 1857?\">1. Question: What were the main causes of the Revolt of 1857?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#2_Question_Who_were_the_key_leaders_of_the_Revolt_of_1857\" title=\"2. Question: Who were the key leaders of the Revolt of 1857?\">2. Question: Who were the key leaders of the Revolt of 1857?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#3_Question_What_were_the_consequences_of_the_Revolt_of_1857\" title=\"3. Question: What were the consequences of the Revolt of 1857?\">3. Question: What were the consequences of the Revolt of 1857?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#4_Question_How_did_the_British_suppress_the_Revolt_of_1857\" title=\"4. Question: How did the British suppress the Revolt of 1857?\">4. Question: How did the British suppress the Revolt of 1857?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#5_Question_How_did_the_Revolt_of_1857_impact_Indias_struggle_for_independence\" title=\"5. Question: How did the Revolt of 1857 impact India&#8217;s struggle for independence?\">5. Question: How did the Revolt of 1857 impact India&#8217;s struggle for independence?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-ncert-notes-modern-history-revolt-of-1857\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;\u00a0here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;\u00a0here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Revolt of 1857 transpired as a result of the cumulative impact of British expansionist policies, economic exploitation, and administrative measures spanning several years. These policies had detrimental effects on the various segments of Indian society, including the rulers of Indian states, <strong>sepoys, zamindars, peasants, pandits, traders, and maulvis.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>The discontent among Indians manifested in numerous mutinies and insurrections at different times and in different regions. However, the upheaval in 1857 was unparalleled, shaking the very foundations of the British empire in India.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>This event led to a transformative shift in the administration of British India, replacing the Company rule with the rule of the crown.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pre-1857_Sepoy_Revolts\"><\/span>Pre-1857 Sepoy Revolts<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Before the Revolt of 1857, several popular uprisings occurred against the British, and at times, against Indian landlords. Notable mutinies preceding 1857 included:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bengal_Sepoy_Mutiny_1764\"><\/span>Bengal Sepoy Mutiny (1764)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>T<strong>he Bengal Sepoy Mutiny<\/strong> marked the first such uprising in India. Sepoys demanded equal treatment and increased pay, citing the substantial accumulation of wealth by the East India Company. The mutiny, predominantly non-violent, was quelled by the British.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vellore_Mutiny_1806\"><\/span>Vellore Mutiny (1806)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Vellore Mutiny unfolded on July 10, 1806, at Vellore Fort. This marked the first instance of a violent mutiny by Indian sepoys against the East India Company, occurring almost fifty years before <strong>the Great Revolt of 1857.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><br>The immediate trigger for the mutiny was the enforcement of a new dress code for sepoys in November 1805. Hindus were forbidden from wearing religious marks on their foreheads while on duty, and Muslims were mandated to shave their beards and trim their mustaches.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Additionally, they were instructed to wear a leather cockade to replace their existing turbans.<\/li><li>During the uprising, several officers and soldiers, including<strong> Colonel St John Fancourt, <\/strong>the Fort&#8217;s Commander, were killed by the sepoys. To quell the rebellion, Sir Robert Rollo Gillespie was dispatched by the British, and he ruthlessly subdued the revolt.<\/li><li>Following the mutiny, all three Madras battalions involved were disbanded. The senior British officers responsible for the controversial dress regulations were recalled to England, and the orders regarding the new turbans (round hats) were rescinded.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Barrackpore_Mutiny_1824\"><\/span>Barrackpore Mutiny (1824)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Mutiny at Barrackpore cantonment in 1824 stemmed from the resistance of the 47th Native Infantry of the Bengal Army to march to Chittagong and, subsequently, board ships destined for Rangoon to partake in the First Anglo-Burmese War in October 1824.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>The <strong>Barrackpore cantonment,<\/strong> where the 1824 Mutiny occurred, became the site of another mutinous event in 1857 (March 29, 1857).<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>During this period, higher-caste Indian Sepoys held a taboo against crossing the sea, fearing a loss of their high caste. Furthermore, there were no bullocks available to transport the sepoys&#8217; belongings until Chittagong. Consequently, the native soldiers refused to march unless their emoluments were increased, and means were provided for carrying their belongings.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Under the leadership of <strong>Bindee Tiwari,<\/strong> the sepoys revolted against the company though it was completely non-violent. The company forces however, ruthlessly suppressed the revolt under the Commander-in-Chief, <strong>General Sir Edward Paget.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Causes_of_the_1857_Revolt\"><\/span>Causes of the 1857 Revolt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The uprising of 1857 was shaped by several pivotal factors, encompassing:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Administrative Factors<\/li><li>Economic Factors<\/li><li>Military Factors<\/li><li>Political Factors<\/li><li>Socio-Religious Factors<\/li><li>Immediate Causes<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Political_Grievances\"><\/span>Political Grievances<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>The East India Company n<\/strong>eglected the interests and appeals of monarchs and nawabs, leading to widespread discontent.<\/li><li><strong>Rani Lakshmiba<\/strong>i of Jhansi sought her adopted son&#8217;s right to inherit the kingdom after her husband&#8217;s demise.<\/li><li><strong>Nana Saheb,<\/strong> the adopted son of <strong>Peshwa Baji Rao II<\/strong>, demanded his father&#8217;s pension from the company but faced rejection.<\/li><li>Hindu princes were denied the right to succession, with the Doctrine of Lapse and Subsidiary Alliances employed to dominate states and strip them of their powers.<\/li><li>Awadh, a significant contributor of around 75,000 sepoys to the company, was annexed by<strong> Lord Dalhousie <\/strong>under allegations of <strong>misgovernance<\/strong>, provoking discontent among sepoys.<\/li><li>The Company terminated the Mughal Dynasty, removing the Mughal king&#8217;s name from the coins it minted.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>In 1849,<strong> Governor General Dalhousie<\/strong> declared that, following the death of <strong>Bahadur Shah Zafar,<\/strong> the king&#8217;s family would be relocated from the Red Fort to another residence in Delhi. He proclaimed Bahadur Shah Zafar as the last king, and subsequent heirs would be referred to as princes.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Subsidiary_Alliance_and_Doctrine_of_Lapse\"><\/span>Subsidiary Alliance and Doctrine of Lapse<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Subsidiary Alliance was a treaty formulated by Wellesley between the East India Company and Indian rulers. Under this arrangement, <strong>Indian rulers<\/strong> had to relinquish their armed forces, provide maintenance to the British army, and refrain from forming alliances. A Company official, known as the Resident, was stationed at the court of rulers to oversee the implementation of the treaty.<\/li><li>The Doctrine of Lapse, implemented by <strong>Dalhousie<\/strong> during his rule from 1848 to 1856, was an annexation policy. According to this doctrine, any ruler without a male heir could be annexed by the Company, and any adopted son would inherit only his father&#8217;s personal property and assets.<\/li><li>States annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse include:<ul><li>Satara (1848)<\/li><li>Jaitpur (1849)<\/li><li>Sambhalpur (1850)<\/li><li>Baghat (1850)<\/li><li>Udaipur (1852)<\/li><li>Jhansi (1853)<\/li><li>Nagpur (1854)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Administrative_Grievances\"><\/span>Administrative Grievances<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Several administrative aspects contributed to the discontent among Indians:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The replacement of the Persian language with English as the court language was unpopular among the people.<\/li><li>Under British rule, both peasants and landlords faced hardships. Peasants bore heavy taxes, and while <strong>zamindar<\/strong>s understood the peasants&#8217; problems, British focus on fixed revenue collections led to dissatisfaction.<\/li><li>Zamindars were unhappy as their lands were often seized, making them feel inferior.<\/li><li><strong>Revenue settlement policies<\/strong> dissatisfied new zamindars and subjected peasants to harsh collections and official brutalities.<\/li><li>Corruption at lower levels of administration, including the police, petty officials, and lower law courts, adversely impacted common people.<\/li><li>The intricate judicial system facilitated the exploitation of the poor by the wealthy. Instances of torturing and imprisoning cultivators for unpaid rent, land revenue, or debt were widespread.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Socio-Religious_Factors\"><\/span>Socio-Religious Factors<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>British colonialists believed in their cultural superiority and considered it their right to <strong>civilize Indian society<\/strong>. Their interventions, such as the abolition of the practice of sati, the legalization of widow remarriage, and the introduction of Western education for girls, were perceived as unwarranted interference.<\/li><li>A significant factor contributing to anti-British sentiments was the fear of religious interference. This fear arose from the activities of Christian missionaries who infiltrated schools, hospitals, prisons, and marketplaces. These missionaries attempted conversions and openly attacked <strong>Hinduism and Islam,<\/strong> criticizing long-standing customs and traditions.<\/li><li><strong>Religious sentiments <\/strong>were further wounded by the policy of taxing lands associated with temples, mosques, priests, and charitable institutions, which were previously exempt from taxes.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Economic_Factors\"><\/span>Economic Factors<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The primary cause of popular discontent stemmed from the economic exploitation by the British. The complete disruption of the traditional economic structure led to the impoverishment of a vast majority, including peasants, artisans, handicraftsmen, and traditional zamindars and chiefs.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>British policies dismantled local rulers and their courts, which had been patrons of handicrafts and artisans. This, in turn, resulted in the decline of local craftsmen and artists.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The British also favored Western imports, often selling them at lower prices, making it difficult for Indian commodities to compete. Both of these factors contributed to the impoverishment of the populace.<\/li><li>This economic strain created pressure on <strong>agricultural lands, <\/strong>fostering discontent in rural areas, which also affected sepoys originating from these regions.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Military_Causes\"><\/span>Military Causes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Indian sepoys constituted more than 87% of the British troops stationed in India, yet they were perceived as inferior to their British counterparts. Notably, an Indian Sepoy received lower pay than a European sepoy of the same rank.<\/li><li>Discrimination within the army, evident in disparities in payments and promotions between <strong>British and Indian soldiers,<\/strong> further exacerbated the sepoys&#8217; grievances. The withdrawal of foreign allowances (Bhatta) for sepoys compounded their dissatisfaction with their pay, allowances, and overall conditions of service.<\/li><li>Historically, in 1824, sepoys were ordered to travel to Burma by sea to fight for the East India Company. When they initially refused, they faced punishment, but later, they acquiesced to go by the land route.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>In 1856,<strong> Lord Canning&#8217;s<\/strong> General Services Enlistment Act mandated that every new recruit in the Company&#8217;s army had to agree to serve overseas if required.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Immediate_Cause\"><\/span>Immediate Cause<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The immediate cause of discontent among sepoys was fueled by the introduction of the Enfield rifle in 1857. The cartridge for this rifle, rumored to be greased with cow and pig fat, was required to be bitten before use. Additionally, reports circulated about the mixing of bone dust in flour (Atta). These issues became focal points for the growing dissatisfaction among sepoys, who believed these measures aimed to violate their religious beliefs and potentially convert them to<strong> Christianity.<\/strong><\/li><li>Both Hindu and Muslim sentiments were deeply hurt by these actions, and no steps were taken to allay these fears. On May 9, 85 soldiers in Meerut refused to use the new rifle, leading to their sentencing to ten years&#8217; imprisonment.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Enfield_P-53_rifle\"><\/span>Enfield P-53 rifle<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Enfield P-53 rifle, introduced by the <strong>East India Compan<\/strong>y in the mid-1850s, required soldiers to bite off the ends of greased cartridges for loading, further contributing to the grievances among the sepoys. The rumor that the grease used was <strong>cow or pig fat, c<\/strong>onsidered objectionable to Hindu and Muslim soldiers, added to their discontent.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Outside_Influences_on_the_Revolt_of_1857\"><\/span>Outside Influences on the Revolt of 1857<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The period when discontent among the people was on the rise coincided with events that shattered the prevailing belief in the invincibility of the British. These events encouraged the perception that the days of British rule were numbered.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>The British faced setbacks in various battles both within and outside India, including the Santhal uprising (1855-57), the First Afghan War (1838-42), the Punjab War (1845-49), and the Crimean War (1854-56). These incidents instilled a belief that the British could be challenged and defeated.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-cse-gs-integrated-course?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Integrated\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42401 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Beginning_and_course_of_Revolt\"><\/span>Beginning and course of Revolt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The beginning of the revolt traces back to April 8, 1857, when <strong>Mangal Pandey<\/strong> was hanged for attacking his officers in Barrackpore. Subsequently, sepoys at Meerut refused to perform army drills using new cartridges suspected of being coated with the fat of cows and pigs.<\/li><li>On May 9, 1857, the sepoys were dismissed and sentenced to ten years in jail for disobedience. The response of other Indian soldiers in Meerut was remarkable. On May 10, they marched to the jail, released the imprisoned sepoys, attacked and killed British officers, captured guns and ammunition, set fire to British buildings, and declared war on the firangis (foreigners).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Choosing Mughal emperor <strong>Bahadur Shah Zafar<\/strong> as their leader, the rebellion transformed into a widespread revolt extending beyond military camps. Civilians, including peasants, zamindars, religious leaders, and civil servants, joined the unrest, particularly in North-Western and Awadh.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Delhi was recaptured by the British on September 20, 1857, and Bahadur Shah was taken prisoner and sent to Rangoon (Myanmar), where he died in 1862. Many leaders of the rebellion, including <strong>Nana Saheb and Rani Lakshmibai<\/strong>, were defeated. Nana Saheb escaped to Nepal in 1859, while Rani Lakshmibai died on the battlefield in June 1858. By 1859, the revolt had been suppressed, and the British had to bring in additional supplies and resources to re-establish their governance.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Spread_of_the_Mutiny_and_Revolt\"><\/span>Spread of the Mutiny and Revolt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Date<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Description<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>29th March 1857<\/td><td>The sepoys at Barrackpore, near Kolkata, refused to use greased cartridges. Mangal Pandey attacked and fired at sepoys at Batant, killing two British army officers. The 34th Native Infantry regiment was disbanded, and sepoys guilty of rebellion were punished.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>9th May 1857<\/td><td>At Meerut, 85 sepoys of the 3rd Cavalry regiment were court-martialed and sentenced to long terms of imprisonment for refusing to use greased cartridges.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10th May, 1857<\/td><td>Sepoys broke out in open rebellion at Meerut, shot their officers, released fellow sepoys, and headed towards Delhi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>11th-30th May, 1857<\/td><td>Meerut mutineers crossed over to Delhi, appealed to Bahadur Shah Zafar II, the Mughal emperor, to lead them, proclaimed him Shaheisaah-e Hindustan, and seized Delhi. Outbreaks spread in various parts of North and Central India. European inhabitants in Delhi faced losses.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>June, 1857<\/td><td>Mutinies at Kanpur (2nd Cavalry and 15th Native Infantry), Gwalior, Bharatpur, Jhansi, Allahabad (Prayagraj), Faizabad (Ayodhya), Sultanpur, Lucknow, etc., started.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1st July, 1857<\/td><td>Civil Rebellion spread through the Indo-Gangetic plain, Rajputana, Central India, and some parts of Bengal. Mutinies at Indore, Mhow, Saugar, and places in Punjab like Jhelum, Sialkot, etc.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>21st September, 1857<\/td><td>English recaptured Delhi; further outbreaks occurred in Central India.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>15th October, 1857<\/td><td>Revolt spread to Kotah state.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>28th November, 1857<\/td><td>Rebels defeated General Wyndham outside Kanpur; Tatya Tope escaped.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6th December, 1857<\/td><td>Sir Colin Campbell won the Battle of Kanpur.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>14th March, 1858<\/td><td>Lucknow recaptured by the English.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3rd April, 1858<\/td><td>Jhansi fell to the English. Fresh rising in Bihar led by Kunwar Singh.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5th May, 1858<\/td><td>English recaptured Bareilly, Jagdishpur, and Kalpi. Indian rebels began Guerrilla warfare in Rohilkhand.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>July-December, 1858<\/td><td>English authority re-established in India.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Important_Centres_of_Revolt\"><\/span>Important Centres of Revolt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Centres<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Description<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lucknow<\/td><td>&#8211; Led by Begum Hazrat Mahal. &#8211; Seized control of Lucknow and declared her son as the ruler. &#8211; British resident Henry Lawrence and several Europeans killed. &#8211; Attempts by Havelock and Outram to take over Lucknow were unsuccessful. &#8211; Final capture by British troops in November 1858 under the leadership of Campbell.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kanpur<\/td><td>&#8211; Revolt began on 5th June 1857. &#8211; Led by Nana Saheb, the adopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao II, aided by Tatya Tope. &#8211; British surrendered in June 1857.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Jhansi<\/td><td>&#8211; Rani of Jhansi, a leading figure, joined the revolt on 5th June 1857. &#8211; Became a symbol of resistance to British rule and Indian Nationalism. &#8211; Died fighting on 17th June 1858.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Faizabad<\/td><td>&#8211; Maulvi Ahmadullah led the revolt. &#8211; Commander of rebels in the Battle of Chinnat. &#8211; Revolt harshly suppressed by the British.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bareilly<\/td><td>&#8211; Khan Bahadur Khan led rebels, proclaimed himself the Nawab. &#8211; Defeated by Campbell and sentenced to death by hanging.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bihar<\/td><td>&#8211; Kunwar Singh, Zamindar of Jagdishpur (Arrah), took up arms against the British. &#8211; Successfully kept up the struggle until his death on 26th April 1858.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Assam<\/td><td>&#8211; Maniram Dutt attempted to revolt, proclaimed the grandson of the last Ahom king as the ruler. &#8211; Hanged on 26th February 1858.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Odisha<\/td><td>&#8211; Prince of Sambhalpur Surendra Shahi and Ujjwal Shahi emerged as leaders of the revolt. &#8211; Surendra Shahi forced to surrender in 1862.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rajasthan<\/td><td>&#8211; Kota emerged as the center of rebel activities, led by Jai Dayal and his brother Har Dayal. &#8211; Jai Dayal subsequently caught and blown to pieces by a cannon.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Different_Leaders_Associated_with_the_Revolt_of_1857\"><\/span>Different Leaders Associated with the Revolt of 1857<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Places<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Leaders<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Barrackpore<\/td><td>Mangal Pandey<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Delhi<\/td><td>Bahadur Shah II, Bakht Khan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lucknow<\/td><td>Begum Hazrat Mahal, Bijris Qadir<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kanpur<\/td><td>Nana Saheb, Rao Saheb, Tantia Tope, Azimullah Khan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Jhansi<\/td><td>Rani Laxmibai<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bihar (Jagdishpur)<\/td><td>Kunwar Singh, Amar Singh<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Allahabad and Banaras<\/td><td>Maulavi Liaquat Ali<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Faizabad<\/td><td>Maulavi Ahmadullah<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Farrukhabad<\/td><td>Tufzal Hasan Khan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bijnor<\/td><td>Mohammed Khan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Muradabad<\/td><td>Abdul Ali Khan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bareilly<\/td><td>Khan Bahadur Khan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mandsor<\/td><td>Firoz Shah<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gwalior<\/td><td>Tantia Tope<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Assam<\/td><td>Kandapareshwar Singh, Maniram Datta<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Odisha<\/td><td>Surendra Shahi, Ujjwal Shahi<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kullu<\/td><td>Raja Pratap Singh<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rajasthan<\/td><td>Jaidayal Singh and Hardayal Singh<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gorakhpur<\/td><td>Gajadhar Singh<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mathura<\/td><td>Devi Singh, Kadam Singh<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Causes_of_the_Failure_of_the_Revolt\"><\/span>Causes of the Failure of the Revolt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Several significant factors contributed to the failure of the Revolt of 1857, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lack_of_a_Unified_Ideology\"><\/span>Lack of a Unified Ideology<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The revolt lacked a common idea or goal, and after gaining control of various regions, leaders and rebels failed to articulate a cohesive plan for India&#8217;s future.<\/li><li>Leaders of the revolt were united by a shared disdain for alien rule, but they lacked a visionary alternative. Not having a forward-looking plan undermined their ability to withstand the British onslaught.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Prominent leaders of the rebellion, such as<strong> Nana Saheb, the Begum<\/strong> of <strong>Awadh, Rani of Jhansi, <\/strong>were representatives of the old feudal world and did not have a well-defined strategy for the future, contributing to the failure of the revolt.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lack_of_Unity_Among_Leaders\"><\/span>Lack of Unity Among Leaders<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The rebels faced a lack of unity, as the sepoys of Bengal revolted against the East India Company, while soldiers from Punjab and Bombay supported the Company against the sepoys.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Sepoys and leaders like <strong>Tantia Tope<\/strong> fought for Mughal rule, while Sikhs in Punjab resisted returning under Muslim rule. These internal divisions weakened the spirit within the ranks of the rebels, with selfishness and narrow perspectives among the leaders draining the strength of the revolt.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lack_of_Support_from_Regional_Powers\"><\/span>Lack of Support from Regional Powers<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Regional powers did not uniformly support the rebellion. Many natives actively assisted the British in suppressing the revolt.<\/li><li>Sikhs, fearing the potential revival of Mughal authority, did not support the rebels, given their history of oppression under Mughal rule.<\/li><li>Similarly<strong>, Rajput Chieftains<\/strong> in Rajasthan and Nizams in Hyderabad, having suffered harassment from the Marathas, were not inclined to support the revival of Maratha power.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lack_of_Support_from_Educated_Indians\"><\/span>Lack of Support from Educated Indians<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Educated Indians, especially in Bengal and Bombay regions, viewed the Revolt of 1857 as a backward-looking attempt by self-interested individuals. This educated middle class, product of the B<strong>ritish education system<\/strong>, considered the British as proponents of modernization.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Military_Superiority_of_the_British\"><\/span>Military Superiority of the British<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The rebels fought with limited weaponry such as swords, spears, and lances, while the British were equipped with advanced munitions of war, including <strong>Enfield rifles<\/strong>, giving them a significant military advantage.<\/li><li>Sepoys serving under the East India Company utilized firearms provided by the company. When their ammunition depleted, the sepoys and other rebels transitioned to traditional weapons like swords and spears.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Consequences_of_the_Revolt\"><\/span>Consequences of the Revolt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Revolt of 1857 led to significant alterations in the administrative structure of British India, prompting changes in government policies.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>The Queen&#8217;s Proclamation, issued on 1st November 1858, announced amnesty for those who surrendered by 2nd January 1859, except those directly involved in the murder of British subjects. Lord Canning proclaimed Queen Victoria&#8217;s edict in Allahabad (now Prayagraj).<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Following this proclamation, a new policy emerged, emphasizing perpetual support for native princes and non-intervention in matters of religious belief in India.<\/li><li>The proclamation declared that India would henceforth be governed by and in the name of the<strong> British Monarch through a Secretary of State.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/refer-and-earn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46428 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/refer-and-earn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Refer &amp; Earn NOW<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Significance_of_the_Revolt\"><\/span>Significance of the Revolt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Revolt of 1857 showcased complete cooperation between Hindus and Muslims at all levels\u2014among the people, soldiers, and leaders.<\/li><li>This unity was evident in the spontaneous recognition of the last Mughal king,<strong> Bahadur Shah Zafar, as the leader of the country.<\/strong><\/li><li>The unity symbolized Hindu-Muslim collaboration at the national level, representing a significant aspect of political unity.<\/li><li>Immediate bans on cow slaughter were implemented in areas where the revolt succeeded. Leadership roles were equally represented by Hindus and Muslims; for example,<strong> Nana Saheb had Azimullah<\/strong>, a Muslim, serving as an expert in political propaganda.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Impact_of_the_RevoltMutiny\"><\/span>Impact of the Revolt\/Mutiny<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The British Government realised problem. bolt was only a symptom of a deep-seated problem. The Policy of the Government of India underwent a drastic modification.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Political_Impact\"><\/span>Political Impact<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The immediate consequence of the revolt was the dissolution of the English East India Company. The Government of India Act (1858) was swiftly passed in the British Parliament, effecting the transfer of power from the Company to the<strong> British Crown.<\/strong><\/li><li>According to the act, &#8220;India shall be governed by and in the name of the sovereign through the Secretary of State of India, assisted by a council of 15 members.&#8221;<\/li><li>A new declaration of policy towards India was articulated by the British Government, embodied in the Queen&#8217;s Proclamation of 1858. This proclamation marked the initiation of a new approach towards the <strong>Indian States.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Queens_Proclamation_1858\"><\/span>Queen&#8217;s Proclamation 1858<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Proclamation pledged benevolence and religious toleration.<\/li><li>It is committed to respecting the dignity and honor of the native princesses of India.<\/li><li><strong>Pardon and amnesty<\/strong> were extended to all those who were still in arms against the <strong>British Government, p<\/strong>rovided they were not found guilty of the murder of<strong> British subjects<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Government_of_India_Act_1858\"><\/span>Government of India Act, 1858<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>&nbsp;Enacted in the aftermath of the Revolt of 1857, this significant Act, known as the Act for the Good <strong>Government of India,<\/strong> abolished the East India Company and transferred the power of government, territories, and revenue to the <strong>British Crown.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Some features of the Act are as follows:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It stipulated that India would henceforth be governed by and in the name of Her Majesty. The designation of the Governor-General of India was changed to the Viceroy of India, who became the direct representative of the British Crown in India.<\/li><li>The Act put an end to the dual government by abolishing the Board of Control and the Court of Directors. Instead, it established a new office, the Secretary of State for India, endowed with complete authority and control over Indian administration. The Secretary of State, a member of the British Cabinet, was ultimately responsible to the <strong>British Parliament.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>A 15-member Council of India was instituted to assist the Secretary of State for India. This Council served as an advisory body, with the Secretary of State acting as its Chairman.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Act constituted the Secretary of State-in-Council as a corporate body, capable of suing and being sued in I<strong>ndia and in England.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reorganization_of_the_Army\"><\/span>Reorganization of the Army<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Army underwent reorganization after 1858, with an increased proportion of <strong>British troops <\/strong>in the Indian Army. British troops were primarily deployed to maintain internal security, while Indian troops were trained and organized for overseas service, aiming to subjugate Asian and African territories for British Imperialism.<\/li><li>Artillery was taken away from Indian hands, and all higher and more sensitive appointments were reserved for the British. Indians were restricted from employment in the Army headquarters, except as clerks in non-military capacities.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Battalions<\/strong> were drawn from diverse elements such as the Sikhs, Punjabi Muslims, Pathans, Rajputs, Gurkhas, etc. The British exploited communal, caste, and regional differences among the sepoys.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A notable distinction was made between<strong> martial and non-martial <\/strong>races, and a myth based on this distinction was propagated.<\/li><li>The Sikhs and Gurkhas, who remained loyal to the British during the revolt, were categorized as martial races. In the aftermath of the revolt, significant changes were implemented in the judicial domain. New Civil and Criminal Procedure Codes were enacted.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td>The<strong> judiciary underwent<\/strong> reorganization with the passage of the Indian<strong> High Courts Act, 1861<\/strong>. High Courts were established in <strong>Calcutta, Bombay<\/strong>, and Madras, replacing the <strong>Sadar Courts and Supreme Courts<\/strong> that existed before the revolt.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Social_and_Cultural_Impact\"><\/span>Social and Cultural Impact<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The previous policy of actively promoting reforms was abandoned, as it was argued that this policy had contributed significantly to the events of 1857. The responsibility for reform was now entirely entrusted to the initiative of the Indian population, and this remained the fundamental policy of the<strong> Government of India <\/strong>for over half a century.<\/li><li>The<strong> Muslim Renaissance<\/strong>, which had been gaining momentum in Delhi before 1857, suffered an irreparable setback.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Different_Views_Related_to_the_Nature_of_Revolt\"><\/span>Different Views Related to the Nature of Revolt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Views Related to Nature of Revolt<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Given by<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Specially medieval, but efforts of powerless class to get their lost power<\/td><td>Disraeli<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A Hindu-Muslim conspiracy<\/td><td>Dr. Tarachand<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Not only sepoy mutiny, formed the shape of civil rebellion. The real form was of feudalistic, though some nationalistic elements were also present<\/td><td>J. Outram and W. Taylor<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Neither First nor National nor War of Independence<\/td><td>Jawaharlal Nehru<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Inherited in the Constitution of British rule an effort by the conservative elements to turn back the clock<\/td><td>RC Majumdar<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>First War of Indian Independence<\/td><td>TR Holmes, VD Savarkar<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wholly unpatriotic and selfish Sepoy Mutiny, with no native leadership and no popular support<\/td><td>Sir John Seeley<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The entire movement, lacked a unified and forward-looking program to be implemented after the capture of power<\/td><td>Bipan Chandra<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Here lay the women (Laxmi Bai), who was the only man among the rebel<\/td><td>High Rose<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"British_Officials_Associated_with_Revolt\"><\/span>British Officials Associated with Revolt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>British Officials<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Places<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>General John Nicholson<\/td><td>&#8211; Captured Delhi on 20th September 1857. &#8211; Died soon due to a fatal wound received during the fighting. &#8211; Killed Bahadur Shah&#8217;s sons and grandsons in Delhi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Major Hudson<\/td><td>&#8211; Defended against Nana Saheb&#8217;s forces in Kanpur until 26th June 1857. &#8211; British forces surrendered on 27th on the promise of safe conduct to Allahabad.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>General Neil<\/td><td>&#8211; Recaptured Banaras and Allahabad in June 1857. &#8211; Killed Indians in revenge for English killings by Nana Saheb&#8217;s forces in Kanpur. &#8211; Died at Lucknow while fighting against the rebels.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sir Colin Campbell<\/td><td>&#8211; Final recovery of Kanpur on 6th December 1857. &#8211; Final reoccupation of Lucknow on 21st March 1858. &#8211; Recapture of Bareilly on 5th May 1858.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Henry Lawrence<\/td><td>&#8211; Chief Commissioner of Awadh. &#8211; Died during the seizure of British residency by rebels at Lucknow on 2nd July 1857.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Major General Havelock<\/td><td>&#8211; Defeated Nana Saheb&#8217;s forces on 17th July 1857. &#8211; Died at Lucknow in December 1857.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>William Taylor and Eye<\/td><td>&#8211; Suppressed the revolt at Arrah in August 1857.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hugh Rose<\/td><td>&#8211; Suppressed the revolt at Jhansi and recaptured Gwalior on 20th June 1858. &#8211; Brought the whole of Central India and Bundelkhand under British control.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Colonel Oncell<\/td><td>&#8211; Captured Banaras.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Books_related_to_the_Revolt_of_1857\"><\/span>Books related to the Revolt of 1857<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Books<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Authors<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Eighteen Fifty-Seven<\/td><td>Dr SN Sen<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>History of the Sepoy War in India (later completed by Colonel GB Malleson)<\/td><td>John Kaye<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Civil Rebellion in the Indian Mutinies 1857-59<\/td><td>SB Chaudhary<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Sepoy Mutiny and the Revolt of 1857<\/td><td>BC Majumdar<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1857 in India<\/td><td>AT Embree<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Peasant and the Raj<\/td><td>Eric Stokes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Sepoy Mutiny 1857<\/td><td>HP Chattopadhyay<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rebellion 1857<\/td><td>PC Joshi<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Eighteen Fifty-Seven<\/td><td>Maulana Abul Kalam Azad<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Indian War of Independence 1857<\/td><td>VD Savarkar<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1857 A Great Revolt<\/td><td>Ashok Mehta<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Great Mutiny<\/td><td>Christopher Hibbert<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Indian Mutiny of 1857<\/td><td>George Bruce Malleson<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Religion and Ideology of the Rebels of 1857<\/td><td>Iqbal Hussain<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prelims_Facts\"><\/span>Prelims Facts<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>When was the new Enfield rifle with a greased cartridge introduced in the British Indian Army? <strong>&#8211; December 1856 [BPSC (Pre) 2005]<\/strong><\/li><li>Who called the Revolt of 1857 a conspiracy? <strong>&#8211; Sir James Outram and W Taylor [BPSC (Pre) 1995]<\/strong><\/li><li>The Statement &#8216;the so-called first national war of independence was neither first nor national, nor a war of independence is associated with <strong>RC Majumdar (UPPSC (Mains) 2010)<\/strong><\/li><li>Who termed the uprising of 1857 as the first War of independence? <strong>VD Savarkar (UPPSC (Mains) 2015]<\/strong><\/li><li>Who was the official historian of the Indian freedom struggle? <strong>SN Sen (UPPSC 2010<\/strong><\/li><li>What was the symbol of the 1857 independence struggle? <strong>&#8211; Lotus and Chapatis [MPPSC (Pre) 1990<\/strong><\/li><li>In the middle of the 19th century, Indian nationalism was in its embryonic stage. Historians who believe in this fact were <strong>&#8211; DR. RC Majumdar and Dr. SN Sen (MPPSC (Pre) 2021)<\/strong><\/li><li>Who was the bitterest enemy of the British during the Revolt of 1857? <strong>&#8211; Maulvi Ahmadullah Shah (BPSC (Pre) 2001<\/strong><\/li><li>What is the name of the birthplace of Maharani Lakshmibai, the heroine of the 1857 freedom struggle? <strong>&#8211; Varanasi [BPSC (Pre) 2015<\/strong><\/li><li>Where is the situated? mharani Laxmibai<strong> Gwalior (MPPSC (Pre) 2013<\/strong><\/li><li>With who? did Maharani Lakshmibai have combat in last battle? <strong>&#8211; Hugh Rose [MPPSC (Pre) 1992]<\/strong><\/li><li>Who spearheaded the Revolt of 1857 in Bihar? <strong>&#8211; Kunwar Singh [BPSC (Pre) 2020]<\/strong><\/li><li>Who was the chief advisor of Nana Saheb? <strong>&#8211; Azimullah Khan [UKPSC (Pre) 2012]<\/strong><\/li><li>Who was the leader of the 1857 struggle for freedom in Lucknow? <strong>&#8211; Hazrat Mahal [BPSC (Pre) 2008, UPPSC (Pre) 2015]<\/strong><\/li><li>The real name of which leader of 1857 was Ram Chandra Pandurang&#8217;? <strong>&#8211; Tatya Tope [UPPSC (Pre) 2011]<\/strong><\/li><li>Who was the leader of the revolution of 1857 in Assam? <strong>&#8211; Diwan Maniram Dutta [UPPSC (Mains) 2007]<\/strong><\/li><li>Which Urdu poet witnessed the Revolt of 1857? <strong>&#8211; Ghalib [BPSC (Pre) 2002]<\/strong><\/li><li>Which dynasty supported the British maximum during the 1857 freedom movement? <strong>&#8211; Scindias of Gwalior [MPPSC (Pre) 2010]<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-prelims-test-series?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Blog&amp;utm_campaign=Blog-%20PTS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Prelims-Test-Series-eng-and-hindi-1280\u00d7330.svg\" alt=\"UPSC Prelims Mock Test - ECONOMY 2\" class=\"wp-image-24924 lazyload\" width=\"779\" height=\"199\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 779px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 779\/199;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_NCERT_Practice_Questions\"><\/span>UPSC NCERT Practice Questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Which_of_the_following_was_not_the_reason_for_making_the_sepoys_of_the_East_India_Company_rebellious_BPSC_Pre_2018\"><\/span>1. Which of the following was not the reason for making the sepoys of the East India Company rebellious? BPSC (Pre) 2018<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Efforts of the officers of the company to spread Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Order to the soldiers to travel on the ship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) Withholding of allowance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) Incapability of officers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Which_of_the_following_statements_about_the_first_Act_of_the_Revolt_of_1857_isare_true\"><\/span>2. Which of the following statements about the first Act of the Revolt of 1857 is\/are true?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1. It occurred in Meerut when two sepoys stole a superior officer&#8217;s rifle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. It began when the Rani of Jhansi declared war on the British.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. It began when Mangal Pandey fired at a European officer in Meerut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. It began when Mangal Pandey fired at a European officer in Barrackpore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Select the correct answer by using the codes given below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Only 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) Only 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) l and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Which_of_the_following_brave_from_Bhopal_led_the_main_movement_and_sacrificed_his_life_during_the_First_Struggle_for_Independence_in_1857_MPPSC_Pre_2019\"><\/span>3. Which of the following brave from Bhopal led the main movement and sacrificed his life during the First Struggle for Independence in 1857? MPPSC (Pre) 2019<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Fazil Mohammad Khan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Sheikh Ramzan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) Dost Mohammad Khan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) Habibulla Khan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Which_of_the_following_persons_had_participated_actively_in_the_Revolt_of_1857_BPSC_Pre_2020\"><\/span>4. Which of the following persons had participated actively in the Revolt of 1857? BPSC (Pre) 2020<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Nana Saheb (Kanpur)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Begum Hazrat Mahal (Lucknow)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) Maulavi Ahmadullah (Faizabad)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) Begum Zeenat Mahal (Delhi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(e) None of the above\/More than one of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Who_was_the_leader_of_the_rebellion_in_Bareilly_Uttar_Pradesh_during_1857UPPSC_Pre_2023\"><\/span>5. Who was the leader of the rebellion in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh during 1857?UPPSC (Pre) 2023<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Nana Saheb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Kunwar Singh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) Khan Bahadur Khan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) Hazarat Mahal<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Which_among_the_following_British_officers_lost_their_lives_at_Lucknow_UPPSC_Pre_2008\"><\/span>6. Which among the following British officers lost their lives at Lucknow? UPPSC (Pre) 2008<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1. General John Nicholson<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. General Neil<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Major Havlock<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. Sir Henry Lawrence<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Select the correct answer by using the codes given below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) 1, 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) 2, 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) All of these<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_In_the_middle_of_the_19th_century_Indian_nationalism_was_in_its_embryonic_stage_Historians_who_believe_in_this_fact_were_MPPSC_Pre_2021\"><\/span>7. In the middle of the 19th century, Indian nationalism was in its embryonic stage. Historians who believe in this fact were MPPSC (Pre) 2021<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Dr RC Majumdar and Dr SN Sen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Sir James Outram and W Tailor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) TR Holmes and LER Reese<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) Sir John Lawrence and Seeley<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Which_of_the_following_statements_are_correct_about_the_Revolt_of_1857\"><\/span>8. Which of the following statements are correct about the Revolt of 1857?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) It is carefully arranged by the Rajas, Nawabs, and Talugdars and there was a planned rebellion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b)Rumors and predictions had no role.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;c) Rebellious declarations ine posT made repeated of their caste (religion) and creed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>appeals to all sections of the population, regardless<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) The British were successful in controlling the rebels quickly and easily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_Which_of_the_following_groups_did_not_participate_in_the_Revolt_of_1857_BPSC_Pre_1995\"><\/span>9. Which of the following groups did not participate in the Revolt of 1857? BPSC (Pre) 1995<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Agricultural Labour<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Sahukars<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Farmers<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. Landlords<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Select the correct answer from the codes given below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Only 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) Only 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) 2 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_Which_one_of_the_following_conceptions_is_true_about_the_Revolt_of_1857_UPPSC_Mains_2010\"><\/span>10. Which one of the following conceptions is true about the Revolt of 1857? UPPSC (Mains) 2010<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Indian historians have described it as an Indian Mutiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) British historians have described it as a war of independence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) It gave a death blow to the system of East India any&#8217;s rule in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) It was for the improvement of the administrative machinery in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_What_waswere_the_objectobjects_of_Queen_Victorias_Proclamation_1858_IAS_Pre_2014\"><\/span>11. What was\/were the object\/objects of Queen Victoria&#8217;s Proclamation (1858)? IAS (Pre) 2014<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1. To disclaim any intention to annex the Indian States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. To place the Indian administration under the British Crown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. To regulate East India Company&#8217;s trade with India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Select the correct answer by using the codes given below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Only 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) 1 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) All of these<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Know_Right_Answer\"><\/span>Know Right Answer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>1 (d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2 (c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3 (a)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4 (c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5 (d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6 (c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7 (a)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8 (c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9 (d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10 (c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11 (a)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Question_What_were_the_main_causes_of_the_Revolt_of_1857\"><\/span><strong>1. Question: What were the main causes of the Revolt of 1857?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: The main causes of the Revolt of 1857 included socio-religious discontent, economic exploitation, military grievances, and the introduction of new cartridges greased with animal fat, which offended the religious sentiments of both Hindu and Muslim sepoys.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Question_Who_were_the_key_leaders_of_the_Revolt_of_1857\"><\/span><strong>2. Question: Who were the key leaders of the Revolt of 1857?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: The Revolt of 1857 had both civilian and military leaders. Some prominent leaders were Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi, Bahadur Shah II, Kunwar Singh, Nana Saheb, Tantia Tope, and the sepoys who played a crucial role in various regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Question_What_were_the_consequences_of_the_Revolt_of_1857\"><\/span><strong>3. Question: What were the consequences of the Revolt of 1857?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: The consequences of the Revolt of 1857 were far-reaching. The British government took direct control of India from the East India Company, marking the end of the Company&#8217;s rule. The event also led to the policy of direct imperial rule, and the Indian National Congress was later founded in 1885 as a political platform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Question_How_did_the_British_suppress_the_Revolt_of_1857\"><\/span><strong>4. Question: How did the British suppress the Revolt of 1857?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: The British suppressed the Revolt of 1857 through a combination of military force, strategic diplomacy, and political maneuvering. They employed a policy of divide and rule, using loyal sepoys and local rulers to counter the rebels. The British also conducted ruthless military campaigns to quell resistance in different regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Question_How_did_the_Revolt_of_1857_impact_Indias_struggle_for_independence\"><\/span><strong>5. Question: How did the Revolt of 1857 impact India&#8217;s struggle for independence?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: The Revolt of 1857 is considered a turning point in India&#8217;s struggle for independence. While the immediate rebellion was suppressed, it laid the foundation for future movements against British rule. It fostered a sense of national unity and inspired subsequent generations to strive for freedom, contributing significantly to the Indian independence movement in the 20th century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. 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