{"id":23735,"date":"2024-01-27T09:27:49","date_gmt":"2024-01-27T09:27:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=23735"},"modified":"2024-01-27T09:27:51","modified_gmt":"2024-01-27T09:27:51","slug":"urban-built-environment-in-big-cities-of-india-create-key-changes-in-the-biophysical-character-of-the-landscape-discuss-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/urban-built-environment-in-big-cities-of-india-create-key-changes-in-the-biophysical-character-of-the-landscape-discuss-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"Urban built environment in big cities of India create key changes in the biophysical character of the landscape. Discuss &#8211; UPSC Geography Optional Mains &#8211; 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-prelims-support-program-with-test-series?type=classroom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GS-Foundation-Course-for-UPSC-1280-x-300-px-1-1024x300.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46623\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The urban built environment in the large cities of India serves as a transformative force, bringing about significant alterations in the biophysical character of the landscape. As these urban centers experience rapid growth and development, the intricate interplay between human activities and the natural environment becomes increasingly pronounced. The sprawling infrastructure, high-rise buildings, transportation networks, and other urban elements reshape the physical, ecological, and aesthetic dimensions of the land. This evolution not only impacts the immediate surroundings but also extends its influence on the broader ecosystem, affecting factors such as air and water quality, biodiversity, and overall sustainability. Examining the dynamic relationship between the urban built environment and the biophysical landscape is crucial for understanding the multifaceted consequences of urbanization on the natural world in the context of India&#8217;s bustling cities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e1f67ab5e0f\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e1f67ab5e0f\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/urban-built-environment-in-big-cities-of-india-create-key-changes-in-the-biophysical-character-of-the-landscape-discuss-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2023\/#Answer\" title=\"Answer\">Answer<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/urban-built-environment-in-big-cities-of-india-create-key-changes-in-the-biophysical-character-of-the-landscape-discuss-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2023\/#Bhubaneswar_Cuttack_experience_cooler_days_warmer_nights\" title=\"Bhubaneswar, Cuttack experience cooler days, warmer nights\">Bhubaneswar, Cuttack experience cooler days, warmer nights<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/urban-built-environment-in-big-cities-of-india-create-key-changes-in-the-biophysical-character-of-the-landscape-discuss-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2023\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/urban-built-environment-in-big-cities-of-india-create-key-changes-in-the-biophysical-character-of-the-landscape-discuss-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2023\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Answer\"><\/span>Answer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Minister for Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA)said that India is the second-largest urban system in the world and 11% of the total global urban population lives in Indian cities. It changes the biophysical character of the landscape in different ways.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Plantation <\/strong>&#8211;<br>\u25cf CONOCARPUS TREE &#8211; invasive mangrove species in regions &#8211; Gujarat and Telangana hurts human health -Trees flower in winter &#8211; spread pollen, causing &#8211; cold, cough, asthma, and allergy.<br>\u25cf IMPACT ON ENVI -ROOTS GO DEEP, and develop extensively, damaging telecommunication lines and freshwater systems.<\/li><li><strong>Deforestation<\/strong> &#8211; urbanization has increased deforestation so, urban forestry is needed<br>\u25cf Example &#8211; Maharashtra forest department converted barren hill into forest &#8211; WARJE<br>URBAN FOREST &#8211; PUNE.<\/li><li><strong>Hill region development<\/strong> &#8211; anthropogenic factors led to disaster in Himachal Pradesh<br>\u25cf Within 15 days of monsoon onset, 41 landslips,29 flash floods, and 1 cloud burst in hp.<br>\u25cf causes &#8211; man-made:-land use change,-deforestation- erosion, slope destabilization, building along river beds in floodplains, digging slopes for making highways, roads, dams.<\/li><li><strong>Urban climate change<\/strong>&#8211;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bhubaneswar_Cuttack_experience_cooler_days_warmer_nights\"><\/span>Bhubaneswar, Cuttack experience cooler days, warmer nights<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The School of Earth Ocean and Climate Sciences at IIT Bhubaneswar has found that increased urbanization of Bhubaneswar and Cuttack has led to increased land surface temperature in the last 20 years (2001-2020). While there has been an increase in relatively cooler regions over Bhubaneswar and Cuttack during the daytime, reverse during the night.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42412 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Link&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\">UPSC Essay Course<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"5\"><li><strong>Encroachment in floodplains<\/strong> &#8211; recently the Yamuna River in Delhi flooded the nearby streets. CWC said water released from the Hathnikund barrage took less time to reach Delhi. &#8220;Encroachment of the floodplains may have an incremental effect.<\/li><li><strong>Concretization<\/strong> &#8211; The concretization of urban areas, paired with a decrease in open, green spaces turns cities into heat sinks. This can form convective clouds if sufficient moisture is available, leading to unstable weather increased lightning, and flash floods &#8211; for example, Kerala floods in 2018.<\/li><li><strong>Biodiversity change<\/strong> &#8211; Nests of Crows, pigeons, sparrows, etc. are usually found in buildings\u2019 balconies and at heights of skyscrapers, etc. Animals such as dogs and cats became part of usual urban life. Habitat loss is extensive in the region, over 75% of the original Himalayan habitat has been destroyed or degraded &#8211; WWF.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Democratization of Sustainable Development is needed in India . The prevailing preference for an \u201ceconomic\u201d view of city development has to be replaced by a sustainable one, which includes ecological and social considerations. The \u2018Sustainable Cities India program\u2019 intends to enable cities to decarbonize systematically and sustainably which will reduce emissions and deliver resilient and equitable urban ecosystems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. 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Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The urban built environment in the large cities of India serves as a transformative force, bringing about significant alterations in the biophysical character of the landscape.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":23736,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1348],"tags":[143,142,232,145,140,1536],"class_list":["post-23735","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-upsc-geography-solved-papers","tag-geography_optional","tag-previous_year_questions","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-mains-question-paper","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy","tag-urban-built-environment"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23735","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23735"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23735\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23737,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23735\/revisions\/23737"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23736"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23735"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23735"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}