{"id":24717,"date":"2024-02-01T10:10:36","date_gmt":"2024-02-01T10:10:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=24717"},"modified":"2024-02-01T10:10:39","modified_gmt":"2024-02-01T10:10:39","slug":"how-migration-is-affected-by-push-and-pull-factors-explain-how-these-factors-play-a-role-in-understanding-new-settlement-patterns-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-migration-is-affected-by-push-and-pull-factors-explain-how-these-factors-play-a-role-in-understanding-new-settlement-patterns-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"How migration is affected by push and pull factors? Explain how these factors play a role in understanding new settlement patterns &#8211; UPSC Geography Optional Mains &#8211; 2022"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-prelims-support-program-with-test-series?type=classroom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GS-Foundation-Course-for-UPSC-1280-x-300-px-1-1024x300.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46623\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Migration is a complex phenomenon influenced by a myriad of factors, with push and pull factors standing out as crucial elements shaping the movement of populations. Push factors are those that compel individuals to leave their current place of residence, often due to adverse conditions such as economic hardships, political instability, or environmental challenges. On the other hand, pull factors act as magnets, attracting individuals to new destinations by offering opportunities, better living conditions, or political stability. The intricate interplay between these push and pull factors significantly impacts migration patterns, leading to the emergence of distinct settlement trends. Understanding how these factors influence migration is essential for comprehending the dynamics of new settlement patterns, as individuals and communities seek environments that align with their aspirations and alleviate the challenges they face in their current locations. By analyzing the push and pull forces at play, researchers and policymakers gain valuable insights into the forces shaping the distribution of populations and can formulate strategies to address the underlying causes and consequences of migration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d279cf81d6f\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d279cf81d6f\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-migration-is-affected-by-push-and-pull-factors-explain-how-these-factors-play-a-role-in-understanding-new-settlement-patterns-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Answer\" title=\"Answer\">Answer<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-migration-is-affected-by-push-and-pull-factors-explain-how-these-factors-play-a-role-in-understanding-new-settlement-patterns-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Push_from_war_and_Violence_towards_safe_and_secure_regions\" title=\"Push from war and Violence towards safe and secure regions\">Push from war and Violence towards safe and secure regions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-migration-is-affected-by-push-and-pull-factors-explain-how-these-factors-play-a-role-in-understanding-new-settlement-patterns-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#From_regions_of_Political_Instability_and_Persecution_towards_regions_with_freedom_and_stability\" title=\"From regions of Political Instability and Persecution towards regions with freedom and stability .\">From regions of Political Instability and Persecution towards regions with freedom and stability .<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-migration-is-affected-by-push-and-pull-factors-explain-how-these-factors-play-a-role-in-understanding-new-settlement-patterns-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#From_regions_of_Poverty_and_low_Economic_opportunities_to_regions_of_prosperity\" title=\"From regions of Poverty and low Economic opportunities to regions of prosperity\">From regions of Poverty and low Economic opportunities to regions of prosperity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-migration-is-affected-by-push-and-pull-factors-explain-how-these-factors-play-a-role-in-understanding-new-settlement-patterns-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Migration_due_to_climate_change_from_vulnerable_regions_to_more_stable_regions\" title=\"Migration due to climate change from vulnerable regions to more stable regions\">Migration due to climate change from vulnerable regions to more stable regions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-migration-is-affected-by-push-and-pull-factors-explain-how-these-factors-play-a-role-in-understanding-new-settlement-patterns-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Their_role_in_understanding_new_settlement_patterns\" title=\"Their role in understanding new settlement patterns\">Their role in understanding new settlement patterns<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-migration-is-affected-by-push-and-pull-factors-explain-how-these-factors-play-a-role-in-understanding-new-settlement-patterns-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-migration-is-affected-by-push-and-pull-factors-explain-how-these-factors-play-a-role-in-understanding-new-settlement-patterns-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Answer\"><\/span>Answer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the United Nations International Organisation for Migration,the estimated number of international migrants in the world in 2020 was 281 million(3.6% of the global population). The driving force behind migration is the complex interplay of various push and pull factors,this was stressed by Lee in his theory of migration:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"679\" height=\"525\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-150224.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24718 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-150224.png 679w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-150224-585x452.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 679px) 100vw, 679px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 679px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 679\/525;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"430\" height=\"251\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-153231.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24721 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 430px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 430\/251;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Push_from_war_and_Violence_towards_safe_and_secure_regions\"><\/span>Push from war and Violence towards safe and secure regions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Eg.From syria to Turkey,Lebanon,Iraq and North African countries due to Syrian Civil War(Over 13 million people have been displaced from their homes)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"391\" height=\"231\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-153238.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24722 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 391px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 391\/231;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"From_regions_of_Political_Instability_and_Persecution_towards_regions_with_freedom_and_stability\"><\/span>From regions of Political Instability and Persecution towards regions with freedom and stability .<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Eg.Rohingya refugee migrating from persecution in Myanmar towards Bangladesh and India<\/li><li>Migration from Venezuela due to political instability,crime to Colombia,Per\u00fa,Ecuador,Chile and Brazil<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"341\" height=\"278\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-153246.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24723 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 341px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 341\/278;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"From_regions_of_Poverty_and_low_Economic_opportunities_to_regions_of_prosperity\"><\/span>From regions of Poverty and low Economic opportunities to regions of prosperity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Eg.Migration of people from Mexico and Central America to the United States<\/li><li>Migration of people from Africa (Nigeria, Libya, Eritrea, Sudan etc.) to Europe(France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK etc.)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Migration_due_to_climate_change_from_vulnerable_regions_to_more_stable_regions\"><\/span>Migration due to climate change from vulnerable regions to more stable regions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Eg.Ongoing drought in the Horn of Africa,aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, which devastated the Gulf Coast of the United States in 2005 led people to migrate<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Their_role_in_understanding_new_settlement_patterns\"><\/span>Their role in understanding new settlement patterns<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>New settlement patterns can be influenced by both push and pull factors.For eg.,if a country is experiencing war or violence, people may be forced to flee to safer countries, leading to formation of new refugee settlements in receiving countries.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"832\" height=\"128\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-153721.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24725 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-153721.png 832w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-153721-585x90.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 832px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 832\/128;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>If a country is experiencing economic growth,people from other countries may be attracted to the country in search of better job opportunities and higher wages,leading to formation of new immigrant colonies in receiving countries eg.Tibetan colonies: There are a number of Tibetan colonies in India, including Dharamsala.<\/li><li>Migration induced due to climatic factors can also lead to formation of ghost towns and villages(Ghost villages in India are villages that have been abandoned by their inhabitants due to migration)eg.Pipra is a ghost village in the state of Bihar,abandoned by its inhabitants in the 2010s due to climate change.<\/li><li>Unsustainable migration into areas of economic opportunities can lead to hyper urbanization with problems like development of slums and squatter settlement.<\/li><li>For eg. Delhi\u2019s squatter settlement like Burari and slums like Seemapuri,Seelampur etc<\/li><li>Gentrification as an outcome of migration.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"811\" height=\"157\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-153730.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24727 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-153730.png 811w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-01-153730-585x113.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 811px) 100vw, 811px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 811px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 811\/157;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>By understanding the push and pull factors that motivate people to migrate, we can better understand new settlement patterns and the forces that shape them. This information can be used to develop policies and programs that support migrants and the communities in which they settle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. 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