{"id":24980,"date":"2024-02-02T09:51:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T09:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=24980"},"modified":"2024-02-02T09:51:05","modified_gmt":"2024-02-02T09:51:05","slug":"critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"Critically examine the factors affecting the unpredictability of the Southwest monsoon system in India &#8211; UPSC Geography Optional Mains &#8211; 2022"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-prelims-support-program-with-test-series?type=classroom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GS-Foundation-Course-for-UPSC-1280-x-300-px-1-1024x300.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46623\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The southwest monsoon system in India is a critical climatic phenomenon that significantly influences the country&#8217;s agricultural, economic, and social landscape. However, the unpredictability of this monsoon remains a formidable challenge for both policymakers and stakeholders. Various factors contribute to the complexity and variability of the southwest monsoon, making it a subject of extensive examination. In this context, a critical analysis of the factors affecting the unpredictability of the southwest monsoon system becomes imperative for understanding and addressing the challenges posed by its erratic behavior. This examination encompasses a multifaceted exploration of meteorological, geographical, and atmospheric elements that play pivotal roles in shaping the dynamics of the monsoon in the South-West region of India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d4e7e9447f2\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d4e7e9447f2\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Answer\" title=\"Answer\">Answer<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Natural_Factors\" title=\"Natural Factors\">Natural Factors<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Indian_Ocean_Dipole_IOD\" title=\"Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)\">Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Western_disturbances\" title=\"Western disturbances\">Western disturbances<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Land-surface_conditions\" title=\"Land-surface conditions\">Land-surface conditions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Climate_Change-Induced_Anthropogenic_Factors\" title=\"Climate Change-Induced Anthropogenic Factors\">Climate Change-Induced Anthropogenic Factors<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Rising_Sea_Surface_Temperature\" title=\"Rising Sea Surface Temperature\">Rising Sea Surface Temperature<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Changing_Aerosol_Level_Due_to_Rising_Pollution\" title=\"Changing Aerosol Level Due to Rising Pollution\">Changing Aerosol Level Due to Rising Pollution<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Melting_of_Himalayan_Snow_Cover_Due_to_Rising_Temperatures\" title=\"Melting of Himalayan Snow Cover Due to Rising Temperatures\">Melting of Himalayan Snow Cover Due to Rising Temperatures<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Changing_Atmospheric_Circulation_Patterns\" title=\"Changing Atmospheric Circulation Patterns\">Changing Atmospheric Circulation Patterns<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/critically-examine-the-factors-affecting-the-unpredictability-of-the-southwest-monsoon-system-in-india-upsc-geography-optional-mains-2022\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Answer\"><\/span>Answer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A study by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology found that the frequency of extreme rainfall events over India has increased by 20% since the 1950s, SWM in India is affected by many factors thus the unpredictability factor is very high.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Several natural and climate change-induced anthropogenic factors affect the unpredictability of the SWM,<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1023\" height=\"592\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151050.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24983 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151050.png 1023w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151050-585x339.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1023px) 100vw, 1023px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1023px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1023\/592;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Natural_Factors\"><\/span>Natural Factors<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>El Ni\u00f1o-La Nina<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"459\" height=\"315\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151131.png\" alt=\"El Ni\u00f1o-La Nina\" class=\"wp-image-24984 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 459px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 459\/315;\" \/><figcaption>El Ni\u00f1o-La Nina<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A climate pattern that involves changes in the temperature of the tropical Pacific Ocean.<\/li><li>El Ni\u00f1o years are associated with weaker SWM rainfall eg. During the 1997 El Ni\u00f1o event, India experienced a severe drought.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"443\" height=\"255\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151220.png\" alt=\"Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)\" class=\"wp-image-24985 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 443px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 443\/255;\" \/><figcaption>Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>La Ni\u00f1a years are associated with stronger SWM rainfall, rainfall over India is typically increased by 10-20% eg. During the 2007 La Ni\u00f1a event, India experienced widespread flooding.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Indian_Ocean_Dipole_IOD\"><\/span>Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A climate pattern that involves changes in the sea surface temperature of the Indian Ocean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Positive IOD events are associated with weaker SWM rainfall<\/li><li>Negative IOD events are associated with stronger SWM rainfall<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Western_disturbances\"><\/span>Western disturbances<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Western disturbances are extra-tropical cyclones that originate from the Mediterranean Sea and move towards India<\/li><li>Bring winter rainfall to northern India, but they can also weaken the SWM<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Land-surface_conditions\"><\/span>Land-surface conditions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Such as soil moisture and snow cover can also influence the SWM<\/li><li>For example, less snowfall at the Tibetan plateau can suppress the formation of a strong pressure gradient for effective wind circulation thus weakening the SWM.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Climate_Change-Induced_Anthropogenic_Factors\"><\/span>Climate Change-Induced Anthropogenic Factors<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rising_Sea_Surface_Temperature\"><\/span>Rising Sea Surface Temperature<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Warmer ocean temperatures can lead to more evaporation-more water vapor in the atmosphere and more intense rainfall events. However, it can also cause more prolonged dry spells, as the water vapor may not be evenly distributed throughout the region.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"459\" height=\"458\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151524.png\" alt=\"Annual Rainfall\" class=\"wp-image-24988 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151524.png 459w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151524-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151524-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151524-120x120.png 120w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 459px) 100vw, 459px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 459px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 459\/458;\" \/><figcaption>Annual Rainfall<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Warmer SSTs can disrupt the atmospheric circulation patterns that drive the monsoon, and changes in the onset, duration, and intensity of the monsoon. For example- a warmer Arabian Sea can weaken the monsoon winds, leading to a delayed onset and reduced rainfall.<\/li><li>Warmer SSTs can increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as cyclones and floods. This can further disrupt the monsoon and make it more difficult to predict. Example-Cyclone Biparjoy made landfall in Gujarat on June 12, 2023, and brought heavy rainfall to the state and surrounding areas including semi-arid regions of Rajasthan.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42412 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Link&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\">UPSC Essay Course<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Changing_Aerosol_Level_Due_to_Rising_Pollution\"><\/span>Changing Aerosol Level Due to Rising Pollution<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Aerosols are tiny particles suspended in the atmosphere<\/li><li>Can reduce the amount of solar radiation that reaches the Earth, which can weaken the SWM.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Melting_of_Himalayan_Snow_Cover_Due_to_Rising_Temperatures\"><\/span>Melting of Himalayan Snow Cover Due to Rising Temperatures<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The snow cover reflects sunlight into space, which helps to cool the atmosphere and drive the monsoon winds.<\/li><li>The Himalayan snow cover plays an important role in regulating the monsoon, When the snow cover melts, it absorbs sunlight and heats the atmosphere, changing the atmospheric circulation patterns that drive the monsoon.<\/li><li>A study published in the journal Nature Climate Change found that the melting of the Himalayan snow cover is delaying the onset of the monsoon by an average of 5 days per decade.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"434\" height=\"258\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151739.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24990 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 434px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 434\/258;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Changing_Atmospheric_Circulation_Patterns\"><\/span>Changing Atmospheric Circulation Patterns<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Such as The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and the Tropical Easterly Jet (TEJ), can modulate the intensity and duration of the SWM<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"465\" height=\"229\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Screenshot-2024-02-02-151822.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24991 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 465px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 465\/229;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Climate change is causing more frequent and unpredictable western disturbances in India by warming the Arctic faster than the rest of the planet, which is making the jet stream wavier and more unpredictable Western disturbances in June-July over India<\/li><li>Global warming is causing more frequent and intense El Ni\u00f1o and La Ni\u00f1a events by warming the tropical Pacific Ocean, which provides more energy for the ENSO system. Eg El Nino 2023 SWM is a highly localized phenomenon that varies across India, making it difficult to forecast accurately for the entire country. Monsoon Mission, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) studies,<\/li><li>The National Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF) provides some institutional and policy frameworks to predict monsoons better.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The southwest monsoon system in India is a critical climatic phenomenon that significantly influences the country&#8217;s agricultural, economic, and social landscape.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":24992,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1557],"tags":[143,142,1660,145,140],"class_list":["post-24980","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-upsc-geography-optional-mains-solved-paper-2022","tag-geography_optional","tag-previous_year_questions","tag-southwest-monsoon","tag-upsc-mains-question-paper","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24980","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24980"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24980\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24993,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24980\/revisions\/24993"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24992"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24980"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24980"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24980"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}