{"id":26538,"date":"2024-02-09T12:28:42","date_gmt":"2024-02-09T12:28:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=26538"},"modified":"2024-09-11T08:58:29","modified_gmt":"2024-09-11T08:58:29","slug":"upsc-indian-polity-complete-notes-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-indian-polity-complete-notes-2\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Indian Polity Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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UPSC Indian Polity notes serve as an indispensable resource for aspirants preparing for the Civil Services Examination in India. These meticulously crafted notes cover the vast and complex landscape of Indian polity, encompassing constitutional provisions, governance structures, and the functioning of various institutions. The notes often delve into the historical evolution of the Indian Constitution, providing a comprehensive understanding of its principles and ideals. Topics such as fundamental rights, directive principles, and the federal structure are dissected with precision, aiding aspirants in mastering the intricacies of the Indian political system. Additionally, the notes compile relevant case laws, amendments, and contemporary issues, enabling candidates to stay abreast of the dynamic nature of Indian polity. They play a pivotal role in simplifying the vast syllabus and condensing information into concise and easily digestible formats. Aspirants rely on these UPSC Indian Polity notes not just for their examination preparation but also as lifelong references for understanding the core principles that govern the world’s largest democracy.<\/p>

Topic<\/strong><\/td>Sub – Topic<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Historical Background<\/td>The Company Rule (1773-1858)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>The Crown Rule (1858-1947)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Making of the Constitution<\/td>Demand for a Constituent Assembly<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition of the Constituent Assembly<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Working of the Constituent Assembly<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Committees of the Constituent Assembly<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Enactment of the Constitution<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Enforcement of the Constitution<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Experts Committee of the Congress Criticism of the Constituent Assembly<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Important Facts<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Hindi Text of the Constitution Notes and References<\/td><\/tr>
Salient Features of the Constitution<\/td>Salient Features of the Constitution<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Criticism of the Constitution<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Preamble of the Constitution<\/td>Text of the Preamble<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Ingredients of the Preamble<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Key Words in the Preamble<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Significance of the Preamble<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Preamble as Part of the Constitution<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Amendability of the Preamble<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Union and its Territory<\/td>Union of States<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Parliament’s Power to Reorganise the States<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Exchange of Territories with Bangladesh<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Evolution of States and Union Territories<\/td><\/tr>
Citizenship<\/td>Meaning and Significance<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Constitutional Provisions<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Citizenship Act, 1955<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Single Citizenship<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Overseas Citizenship of India<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Notes and References<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Fundamental Rights<\/td>Features of Fundamental Rights<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Definition of State Laws Inconsistent with Fundamental Rights Right to Equality<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Right to Freedom<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Right Against Exploitation<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Right to Freedom of Religion<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Cultural and Educational Rights<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Right to Constitutional Remedies<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Writs-Types and Scope<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Armed Forces and Fundamental Rights<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Martial Law and Fundamental Rights<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Effecting Certain Fundamental Rights Present Position of Right to Property<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Exceptions to Fundamental Rights<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Criticism of Fundamental Rights<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Significance of Fundamental Rights<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Rights Outside Part III<\/td><\/tr>
Directive Principles of State Policy<\/td>Features of the Directive Principles<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Classification of the Directive Principles<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>New Directive Principles<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Sanction Behind Directive Principles<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Criticism of the Directive Principles<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Utility of Directive Principles<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Conflict Between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Implementation of Directive Principles<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Directives Outside Part IV<\/td><\/tr>
Fundamental Duties<\/td>Swaran Singh Committee Recommendations<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>List of Fundamental Duties<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Features of the Fundamental Duties<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Criticism of Fundamental Duties<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Significance of Fundamental Duties<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Verma Committee Observations Notes and References<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Amendment of the Constitution<\/td>Procedure for Amendment<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Types of Amendments<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Criticism of the Amendment Procedure<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Basic Structure of the Constitution<\/td>Emergence of the Basic Structure<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Elements of the Basic Structure<\/td><\/tr>
Parliamentary System<\/td>Features of Parliamentary Government<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Features of Presidential Government<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Merits of the Parliamentary System<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Demerits of the Parliamentary System<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Reasons for Adopting Parliamentary System<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Distinction between Indian and British Models<\/td><\/tr>
Federal System<\/td>Federal Features of the Constitution<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Unitary Features of the Constitution<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Critical Evaluation of the Federal System<\/td><\/tr>
Centre-State Relations<\/td>Legislative Relations<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Administrative Relations<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Financial Relations<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Trends in Centre-State Relations<\/td><\/tr>
Inter-State Relations<\/td>Inter-State Water Disputes<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Inter-State Councils<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Public Acts, Records, and Judicial Proceedings<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Inter-State Trade and Commerce<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Zonal Councils<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Emergency Provisions<\/td>National Emergency<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>President’s Rule<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Financial Emergency<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Criticism of the Emergency Provisions<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
President<\/td>Election of the President<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Qualifications, Oath and Conditions<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Term, Impeachment and Vacancy<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Powers and Functions of the President<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Veto Power of the President<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Ordinance-Making Power of the President<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Pardoning Power of the President<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Constitutional Position of the President<\/td><\/tr>
Vice-President<\/td>Election<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Qualifications<\/a>,\u00a0Oath and Conditions<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Term<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Vacancy<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Powers and Functions<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Indian and American Vice-Presidents Compared<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Prime Minister<\/td>Appointment of the Prime Minister<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Oath, Term, and Salary<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Powers and Functions of the Prime Minister<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Role Descriptions<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Relationship with the President<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Chief Ministers who became Prime Ministers<\/td><\/tr>
Central Council of Ministers<\/td>Constitutional Provisions<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Nature of Advice by Ministers<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Appointment of Ministers<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Oath and Salary of Ministers<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Responsibility of Ministers<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition of the Council of Ministers<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Council of Ministers vs Cabinet<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Role of Cabinet<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Role Descriptions<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Kitchen Cabinet<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Cabinet Committees<\/td>Features of Cabinet Committees<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>List of Cabinet Committees<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of Cabinet Committees<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Groups of Ministers<\/td><\/tr>
Parliament<\/td>Organization of Parliament<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition of the Two Houses<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>System of Elections to Lok Sabha<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Duration of Two Houses<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Membership of Parliament<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Presiding Officers of Parliament<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Leaders in Parliament<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Sessions of Parliament<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Devices of Parliamentary Proceedings<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Legislative Procedure in Parliament<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Joint Sitting of Two Houses<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Budget in Parliament<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Multifunctional Role of Parliament<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Ineffectiveness of Parliamentary Control<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Position of Rajya Sabha<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Parliamentary Privileges<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Sovereignty of Parliament<\/td><\/tr>
Parliamentary Committees<\/td>Meaning Classification<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Financial Committees<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Departmental Standing Committees<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Committees to Inquire<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Committees to Scrutinise and Control<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Committees Relating to the Day-to-Day Business of the House<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>House-Keeping Committees<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Consultative Committees<\/td><\/tr>
Parliamentary Forums<\/td>Establishment of the Forums<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Objectives of the Forums<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition of the Forums<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of the Forums<\/td><\/tr>
Parliamentary Group<\/td>Rationale of the Group<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition of the Group<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Objectives of the Group<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of the Group<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>The Group and IPU<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>The Group and CPA<\/td><\/tr>
Supreme Court<\/td>Composition and Appointment<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Qualifications, Oath and Salaries<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Tenure and Removal<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Acting, Adhoc and Retired Judges<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Seat and Procedure<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Independence of Supreme Court<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Jurisdiction and Powers of Supreme Court<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Supreme Court Advocates<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Various Doctrines<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Criminal Justice Laws, codes<\/td><\/tr>
Judicial Review<\/td>Meaning of Judicial Review<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Importance of Judicial Review<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Constitutional Provisions for Judicial Review<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Scope of Judicial Review<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Judicial Review of the Ninth Schedule<\/td><\/tr>
Judicial Activism<\/td>Meaning of Judicial Activism<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Judicial Review and Judicial Activism<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Justification of Judicial Activism<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Activators of Judicial Activism<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Apprehensions of Judicial Activism<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Restraint<\/td><\/tr>
Public Interest Litigation<\/td>Meaning of PIL<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Features of PIL Guidelines for Admitting PIL<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Scope of PIL<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Principles of PIL<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Guidelines for Admitting PIL<\/td><\/tr>
Governor<\/td>Appointment of Governor<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Conditions of Governor’s Office<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Term of Governor’s Office<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Powers and Functions of Governor<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Constitutional Position of Governor<\/td><\/tr>
Chief Minister\u00a0<\/td>Appointment of Chief Minister<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Oath, Term and Salary<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Powers and Functions of Chief Minister<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Relationship with the Governor<\/td><\/tr>
State Council of Ministers<\/td>Constitutional Provisions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Nature of Advice by Ministers<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Appointment of Ministers<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Oath and Salary of Ministers<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Responsibility of Ministers<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition of the Council of Ministers<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Cabinet<\/td><\/tr>
State Legislature\u00a0<\/td>Organisation of State Legislature<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Duration of Two Houses<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition of Two Houses<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Membership of the State Legislature\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Presiding Officers of State Legislature<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Sessions of State Legislature<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Legislative Procedure in State Legislature<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Position of Legislative Council<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Privileges of State Legislature<\/td><\/tr>
High Court<\/td>Composition and Appointment<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Qualifications, Oath, and Salaries<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Tenure, Removal, and Transfer<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Acting, Additional, and Retired Judges<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Independence of the High Court<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Jurisdiction and Powers of High Court\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Tribunals<\/td>Administrative Tribunals\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Tribunals for Other Matters<\/td><\/tr>
Subordinate Courts<\/td>Constitutional Provisions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Structure and Jurisdiction<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>National Legal Services Authority<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Lok Adalats<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Permanent Lok Adalats<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Family Courts Gram Nyayalayas<\/td><\/tr>
Special Provisions for Some States\u00a0<\/td>Provisions for Maharashtra and Gujarat<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Provisions for Nagaland\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Provisions for Assam and Manipur\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Provisions for Andhra Pradesh or Telangana\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Provisions for Arunachal Pradesh and Goa<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Provisions for Sikkim<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Provisions for Mizoram<\/td><\/tr>
Panchayati Raj<\/td>Evolution of Panchayati Raj<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>73rd Amendment Act of 1992<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Compulsory and Voluntary Provisions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>PESA Act of 1996 (Extension Act)<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Finances of Panchayati Raj<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Reasons for Ineffective Performance<\/td><\/tr>
Municipalities<\/td>Evolution of Urban Bodies<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>74th Amendment Act of 1992<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Types of Urban Governments<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Municipal Personnel<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Municipal Revenue<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Central Council of Local Government<\/td><\/tr>
Union Territories<\/td>Creation of Union Territories<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Administration of Union Territories<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Special Provisions for Delhi<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Advisory Committees of Union Territories<\/td><\/tr>
Scheduled and Tribal Areas<\/td>Administration of Scheduled Areas<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Administration of Tribal Areas<\/td><\/tr>
Election Commission<\/td>Composition<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Independence<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Powers and Functions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Vision, Mission and Principles<\/td><\/tr>
Union Public Service Commission<\/td>Composition<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Removal<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Independence<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Limitations<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Role<\/td><\/tr>
State Public Service Commission<\/td>Composition<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Removal<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Independence<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Limitations<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Role<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Joint State Public Service Commission<\/td><\/tr>
Finance Commission<\/td>Composition<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Advisory Role<\/td><\/tr>
Goods and Services Tax Council<\/td>Establishment of the Council<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Vision and Mission of the Council<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition of the Council<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Working of the Council<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of the Council<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Other Functions of the Council<\/td><\/tr>
National Commission for SCs<\/td>Evolution of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Report of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Powers of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
National Commission for STS<\/td>Separate Commission for STS<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Other Functions of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Report of the Commission\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Powers of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
National Commission for BCs<\/td>Establishment of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Report of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Powers of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities<\/td>Constitutional Provisions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Role of the Commissioner<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Vision and Mission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions and Objectives<\/td><\/tr>
Comptroller and Auditor General of India<\/td>Appointment and Term<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Independence<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Duties and Powers<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Role<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Cag and Corporations<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Appleby’s Criticism<\/td><\/tr>
Attorney General of India<\/td>Appointment and Term<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Duties and Functions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Rights and Limitations<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Solicitor General of India<\/td><\/tr>
Advocate General of the State<\/td>Appointment and Term<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Duties and Functions<\/td><\/tr>
NITI Aayog<\/td>Establishment<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Rationale<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Specialized Wings<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Objectives<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Guiding Principles<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Cooperative Federalism<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Criticism<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Attached Offices<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Erstwhile Planning Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>National Development Council<\/td><\/tr>
National Human Rights Commission<\/td>Establishment of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Working of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Role of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Performance of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
State Human Rights Commission<\/td>Composition of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Working of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Human Rights Courts<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>2019 Amendment Act<\/td><\/tr>
Central Information Commission<\/td>Composition\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Tenure and Service Conditions\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Powers and Functions<\/td><\/tr>
State Information Commission<\/td>Composition<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Tenure and Service Conditions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Powers and Functions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>RTI Amendment Act, 2019<\/td><\/tr>
Central Vigilance Commission<\/td>Establishment\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Organisation<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Working<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Jurisdiction<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Vigilance Units in the Ministries<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Whistle Blowers Protection Act (2014)<\/td><\/tr>
Central Bureau of Investigation<\/td>Establishment of CBI<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Motto, Mission and Vision of CBI<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Organisation of CBI\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Composition of CBI<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of CBI<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Provision of Prior Permission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>CBI vs. State Police<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>CBI Academy<\/td><\/tr>
Lokpal and Lokayuktas<\/td>Global Scenario<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Position in India<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Lokpal<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act (2013)<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Lokayuktas<\/td><\/tr>
National Investigation Agency<\/td>Establishment of the NIA<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>The rationale of the NIA<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of the NIA<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Vision of the NIA<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>The mission of the NIA<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Jurisdiction of the NIA<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>NIA (Amendment) Act, 2019<\/td><\/tr>
National Disaster Management Authority<\/td>Establishment of the NDMA<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Objectives of the NDMA<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Functions of the NDMA<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Additional Functions of the NDMA<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>State Disaster Management Authority<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>District Disaster Management Authority<\/td><\/tr>
Co-operative Societies<\/td>Constitutional Provisions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Reasons for the 97th Amendment<\/td><\/tr>
Official Language<\/td>Language of the Union<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Regional Languages<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Language of the Judiciary and Texts of Laws<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Special Directives<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Committee of Parliament on Official Language<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Classical Language Status<\/td><\/tr>
Public Services<\/td>Classification of Services<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Constitutional Provisions<\/td><\/tr>
Rights and Liabilities of the Government\u00a0<\/td>Property of the Union and the States<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Suits by or Against the Government<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Suits Against Public Officials<\/td><\/tr>
Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes\u00a0<\/td>Rationale of Special Provisions<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Specification of Classes<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Components of Special Provisions<\/td><\/tr>
Political Parties<\/td>Meaning and Types Party System in India\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Recognition of National and State Parties<\/td><\/tr>
Role of Regional Parties<\/td>Features of Regional Parties<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Classification of Regional Parties<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Rise of Regional Parties<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Role of Regional Parties<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Dysfunctions of Regional Parties<\/td><\/tr>
Elections<\/td>Electoral System<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Election Machinery<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Election Process<\/td><\/tr>
Election Laws<\/td>Representation of the People Act, 1950\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Representation of the People Act, 1951\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Delimitation Act, 2002<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Other Acts Relating to Elections\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Rules Relating to Elections\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Orders Relating to Elections<\/td><\/tr>
Electoral Reforms\u00a0<\/td>Committees Related to Electoral Reforms\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Electoral Reforms of 1996\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Electoral Reforms After 1996\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Electoral Reforms Since 2010\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Voting Behaviour\u00a0<\/td>Meaning of Voting Behaviour\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Significance of Voting Behaviour\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Determinants of Voting Behaviour\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Role of Media in Elections and Voting Behaviour\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Coalition Government\u00a0<\/td>Meaning of Coalition Government\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Features of Coalition Government\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Formation of Coalition Governments\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Merits of Coalition Government\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Demerits of Coalition Government\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Anti-Defection Law\u00a0<\/td>Provisions of the Act<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Evaluation of the Act<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>91st Amendment Act (2003)<\/td><\/tr>
Pressure Groups\u00a0<\/td>Meaning and Techniques<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Pressure Groups in India<\/td><\/tr>
National Integration<\/td>Meaning of National Integration<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Obstacles to National Integration<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>National Integration Council<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>National Foundation for Communal Harmony<\/td><\/tr>
Foreign Policy<\/td>Principles of Indian Foreign Policy<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Objectives of Indian Foreign Policy<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Gujral Doctrine of India<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Nuclear Doctrine of India<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Connect Central Asia Policy of India<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Act East Policy of India<\/td><\/tr>
National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution<\/td>Terms of Reference of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Fifty Years of Working of the Constitution<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Areas of Concern: Commission’s Perception:<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Recommendations of the Commission<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>Earlier Efforts to Review the Constitution<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>
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