{"id":26684,"date":"2024-02-12T07:29:09","date_gmt":"2024-02-12T07:29:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=26684"},"modified":"2024-02-12T07:29:11","modified_gmt":"2024-02-12T07:29:11","slug":"whereas-the-british-planters-had-developed-tea-gardens-all-along-the-shivaliks-and-lesser-himalayas-from-assam-to-himachal-pradesh-in-effect-they-did-not-succeed-beyond-the-darjeeling-area-explain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/whereas-the-british-planters-had-developed-tea-gardens-all-along-the-shivaliks-and-lesser-himalayas-from-assam-to-himachal-pradesh-in-effect-they-did-not-succeed-beyond-the-darjeeling-area-explain\/","title":{"rendered":"Whereas the British planters had developed tea gardens all along the Shivaliks and Lesser Himalayas from Assam to Himachal Pradesh, in effect they did not succeed beyond the Darjeeling area. Explain. (10 marks, 150 words)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-gs-advance-and-mentorship-program-ampcsat?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Link&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Advanced\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43397\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>The British planters embarked on a significant endeavor to establish tea gardens spanning the Shivaliks and Lesser Himalayas, stretching from Assam to Himachal Pradesh. Despite their ambitious efforts, their success was notably confined primarily to the Darjeeling region. Several factors contributed to this limited success. Firstly, Darjeeling&#8217;s unique microclimate and elevation provided optimal conditions for tea cultivation, yielding high-quality produce sought after in international markets. Additionally, the indigenous labor force and expertise in tea cultivation in Darjeeling played a crucial role, which was lacking in other regions. Moreover, the challenges posed by rugged terrain, unfavorable climatic conditions, and inadequate infrastructure in the vast expanse of the Himalayan foothills hindered the widespread establishment of successful tea gardens beyond Darjeeling. Hence, while British planters endeavored to replicate their success, they ultimately found their endeavors stymied by geographical, climatic, and logistical constraints, confining their triumphs predominantly to the Darjeeling area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: <\/strong>Distribution of key natural resources.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d5d0691f67d\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d5d0691f67d\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/whereas-the-british-planters-had-developed-tea-gardens-all-along-the-shivaliks-and-lesser-himalayas-from-assam-to-himachal-pradesh-in-effect-they-did-not-succeed-beyond-the-darjeeling-area-explain\/#Decoding_the_Question\" title=\"Decoding the Question:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Decoding the Question:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/whereas-the-british-planters-had-developed-tea-gardens-all-along-the-shivaliks-and-lesser-himalayas-from-assam-to-himachal-pradesh-in-effect-they-did-not-succeed-beyond-the-darjeeling-area-explain\/#Answer\" title=\"Answer:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Answer:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/whereas-the-british-planters-had-developed-tea-gardens-all-along-the-shivaliks-and-lesser-himalayas-from-assam-to-himachal-pradesh-in-effect-they-did-not-succeed-beyond-the-darjeeling-area-explain\/#There_are_certain_reasons_why_British_plantation_was_highly_successful_in_Darjeeling_not_beyond_it_such_as\" title=\"There are certain reasons why British plantation was highly successful in Darjeeling not beyond it, such as:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">There are certain reasons why British plantation was highly successful in Darjeeling not beyond it, such as:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/whereas-the-british-planters-had-developed-tea-gardens-all-along-the-shivaliks-and-lesser-himalayas-from-assam-to-himachal-pradesh-in-effect-they-did-not-succeed-beyond-the-darjeeling-area-explain\/#Geographical_reasons\" title=\"Geographical reasons:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Geographical reasons:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/whereas-the-british-planters-had-developed-tea-gardens-all-along-the-shivaliks-and-lesser-himalayas-from-assam-to-himachal-pradesh-in-effect-they-did-not-succeed-beyond-the-darjeeling-area-explain\/#Economic_reasons\" title=\"Economic reasons:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Economic reasons:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/whereas-the-british-planters-had-developed-tea-gardens-all-along-the-shivaliks-and-lesser-himalayas-from-assam-to-himachal-pradesh-in-effect-they-did-not-succeed-beyond-the-darjeeling-area-explain\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/whereas-the-british-planters-had-developed-tea-gardens-all-along-the-shivaliks-and-lesser-himalayas-from-assam-to-himachal-pradesh-in-effect-they-did-not-succeed-beyond-the-darjeeling-area-explain\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Decoding_the_Question\"><\/span><strong>Decoding the Question:<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>In Introduction, mention how and why tea plantation was introduced in India by British.<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>In Body, discuss significant reasons why British did not succeed beyond the Darjeeling area.<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Conclude with the effect of initiative and how it is relevant even today.<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Answer\"><\/span><strong>Answer:<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tea was not only planted in Assam but also many other sites. Tea gardens were developed all along Shivaliks and Lesser Himalayas from Assam to Himachal Pradesh wherever the climatic conditions and terrain lent itself to plantation of tea shrubs. Intending to overthrow China\u2019s monopoly on tea and having found that Indian soil was eminently suitable to cultivate tea plants, the British developed tea gardens in India.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;After many trials and extended periods of dedicated efforts, the first British-led commercial tea plantation in India was established in 1837 in Chabua in Upper Assam. Tea planting in Darjeeling officially began in 1841, when the first superintendent of Darjeeling, Archibald Campbell, experimented by planting a few chinary tea seeds near his house.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"There_are_certain_reasons_why_British_plantation_was_highly_successful_in_Darjeeling_not_beyond_it_such_as\"><\/span><strong>There are certain reasons why British plantation was highly successful in Darjeeling not beyond it, such as:&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Geographical_reasons\"><\/span><strong>Geographical reasons:<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Tea plants need plenty of water but do not grow well in stagnant water near roots. In this region the topography is such that no stagnant water can be found here, which is favourable for tea cultivation. In the Northeastern region stagnant water hampers tea cultivation. On the other hand, in western Himalayan region terrain and soil are not suitable for tea plantations.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Tista ,Rangreej, Mhananda, Balason and many more Himalayan streams\u202f and South-West monsoon supply sufficient water for tea cultivation.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Other than Darjeeling steep slope and absence of soil or fertile soil is the major reason for the absence of tea plantation developments. In the case of Darjeeling soil has an immense amount of potassium and phosphorus which is essential for tea cultivation.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>High altitude of this region allows low temp and thus frost.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Low population density allows large areas under tea plantations.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Economic_reasons\"><\/span><strong>Economic reasons:<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>All the places other than Darjeeling are far away from Kolkata or Chittagong port. Thus, the location was prominent for export.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Difficult terrain in the Northeastern regions make severe hindrances for tea plantation developments, particularly transportation issues.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Cheap labour was available.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Social reasons.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Northeastern India is a tribal based area. The local tribes did not allow British dominance and commercialization.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The plantation the British introduced is continuing with a great pace. At present 70 percent of the Darjeeling tea produced is exported to international markets. In 2004, Darjeeling tea became the first product in India to be registered under the Geographical Indications of Goods.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. 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Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The British planters embarked on a significant endeavor to establish tea gardens spanning the Shivaliks and Lesser Himalayas, stretching from Assam to Himachal Pradesh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":26687,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1401],"tags":[186,142,1851,232,145,140],"class_list":["post-26684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-upsc-mains-solved-paper-gs-1","tag-general-studies-1","tag-previous_year_questions","tag-shivaliks","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-mains-question-paper","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26684","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26684"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26684\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26688,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26684\/revisions\/26688"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26684"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26684"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26684"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}