{"id":27289,"date":"2024-02-15T08:06:09","date_gmt":"2024-02-15T08:06:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=27289"},"modified":"2024-02-15T08:06:11","modified_gmt":"2024-02-15T08:06:11","slug":"upsc-mains-despite-the-diminishing-contribution-of-agriculture-and-allied-sectors-to-the-national-income-over-the-years-they-persist-as-significant-sources-of-employment-for-a-substantial-segment-o","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-despite-the-diminishing-contribution-of-agriculture-and-allied-sectors-to-the-national-income-over-the-years-they-persist-as-significant-sources-of-employment-for-a-substantial-segment-o\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Mains &#8211; Despite the diminishing contribution of agriculture and allied sectors to the national income over the years, they persist as significant sources of employment for a substantial segment of the population. Provide a critical analysis."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/refer-and-earn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/refer-and-earn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Refer &amp; Earn NOW<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a156811579ff\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a156811579ff\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-despite-the-diminishing-contribution-of-agriculture-and-allied-sectors-to-the-national-income-over-the-years-they-persist-as-significant-sources-of-employment-for-a-substantial-segment-o\/#Introduction\" title=\"Introduction:\">Introduction:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-despite-the-diminishing-contribution-of-agriculture-and-allied-sectors-to-the-national-income-over-the-years-they-persist-as-significant-sources-of-employment-for-a-substantial-segment-o\/#Body\" title=\"Body:\">Body:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-despite-the-diminishing-contribution-of-agriculture-and-allied-sectors-to-the-national-income-over-the-years-they-persist-as-significant-sources-of-employment-for-a-substantial-segment-o\/#Reasons_for_the_declining_share_of_agriculture_in_GDP\" title=\"Reasons for the declining share of agriculture in GDP:\">Reasons for the declining share of agriculture in GDP:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-despite-the-diminishing-contribution-of-agriculture-and-allied-sectors-to-the-national-income-over-the-years-they-persist-as-significant-sources-of-employment-for-a-substantial-segment-o\/#Critical_Appraisal_of_Employment_in_Agriculture\" title=\"Critical Appraisal of Employment in Agriculture:\">Critical Appraisal of Employment in Agriculture:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-despite-the-diminishing-contribution-of-agriculture-and-allied-sectors-to-the-national-income-over-the-years-they-persist-as-significant-sources-of-employment-for-a-substantial-segment-o\/#Challenges\" title=\"Challenges:\">Challenges:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-despite-the-diminishing-contribution-of-agriculture-and-allied-sectors-to-the-national-income-over-the-years-they-persist-as-significant-sources-of-employment-for-a-substantial-segment-o\/#Measures\" title=\"Measures:\">Measures:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-despite-the-diminishing-contribution-of-agriculture-and-allied-sectors-to-the-national-income-over-the-years-they-persist-as-significant-sources-of-employment-for-a-substantial-segment-o\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion:\">Conclusion:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-despite-the-diminishing-contribution-of-agriculture-and-allied-sectors-to-the-national-income-over-the-years-they-persist-as-significant-sources-of-employment-for-a-substantial-segment-o\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-despite-the-diminishing-contribution-of-agriculture-and-allied-sectors-to-the-national-income-over-the-years-they-persist-as-significant-sources-of-employment-for-a-substantial-segment-o\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Agriculture stands as the foundation of the Indian economy, witnessing a consistent decline in its contribution to the GDP from about 52% in FY1951 to approximately 18.3% in FY 2022-23. However, the workforce engaged in agriculture has surged from 77.2 million to 148 million between 1950 and 2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Body\"><\/span>Body: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reasons_for_the_declining_share_of_agriculture_in_GDP\"><\/span>Reasons for the declining share of agriculture in GDP:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Growth Disparities: <\/strong>In FY 2022-23, while agriculture grew at 3.4%, manufacturing and services grew at 1.1% and -8.4%, respectively, highlighting disparities in sectoral growth.<\/li><li><strong>Stagnant Agricultural Productivity: <\/strong>Despite technological advancements, the yield per hectare has not increased significantly, limiting the sector&#8217;s contribution to GDP.<\/li><li><strong>Traditional Agricultural Practices: <\/strong>The persistence of traditional practices, such as subsistence farming, limits scalability and modernization, impacting economic contribution.<\/li><li><strong>Land Fragmentation: <\/strong>Increasing population leads to fragmented landholdings, challenging farmers to adopt efficient practices, and affecting productivity.<\/li><li><strong>Dependence on Monsoon:<\/strong> Irregular monsoons and climate change can lead to droughts or floods, adversely affecting crop production and contributing to sector volatility.<\/li><li><strong>Limited Mechanization:<\/strong> The lack of modern farming equipment hinders efficiency, making it challenging for farmers to increase productivity and income.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Critical_Appraisal_of_Employment_in_Agriculture\"><\/span>Critical Appraisal of Employment in Agriculture:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Disguised Unemployment:<\/strong> Small land holdings lead to over-manning, disguised unemployment, and reduced labor productivity.<\/li><li><strong>Low Productivity:<\/strong> Poor per capita output necessitates a higher labor force for fieldwork.<\/li><li><strong>Limited Opportunities in Non-Farm Sectors:<\/strong> Poor farmers with low skill sets face limited opportunities in non-farm sectors, perpetuating the cycle of poverty.<\/li><li><strong>Compulsion for Farm Employment:<\/strong> Lack of skills makes rural populations opt for agriculture due to a lack of readiness for employment in other industries.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Challenges\"><\/span>Challenges:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Limited Technological Adoption:<\/strong> Slow adoption of modern technologies and mechanization hampers efficiency, reduces productivity, and limits income potential.<\/li><li><strong>Small Land Holdings:<\/strong> The predominance of small and fragmented land holdings limits economies of scale, leading to lower overall agricultural output and income.<\/li><li><strong>Dependence on Monsoons:<\/strong> High dependence on monsoons for irrigation makes the sector vulnerable to erratic rainfall patterns, affecting crop yields and income stability.<\/li><li><strong>Inadequate Market Access:<\/strong> Limited access to organized markets and price volatility impact farmers&#8217; income.<\/li><li><strong>Credit Accessibility Issues:<\/strong> Limited access to credit for small and marginal farmers hinders investment in modern farming practices, reducing productivity.<\/li><li><strong>Climate Change Risks:<\/strong> The increasing frequency of extreme weather events poses risks to crop production, affecting income and livelihoods.<\/li><li><strong>Policy Implementation Gaps:<\/strong> Ineffective policy execution can hinder intended benefits for farmers, impacting income levels.<\/li><li><strong>Rural Infrastructure Deficiencies:<\/strong> Inadequate rural infrastructure hampers timely and cost-effective transportation of agricultural produce, affecting market access and income.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Measures\"><\/span>Measures:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Irrigation Investment:<\/strong> Government initiatives like PMKSY and Atal Bhujal Yojana focus on increasing irrigation investment for improved water management.<\/li><li><strong>Crop Diversification Promotion:<\/strong> PMFBY and RKVY encourage crop diversification, promoting sustainable practices.<\/li><li><strong>Infrastructure Enhancement:<\/strong> PMGSY enhances rural connectivity, while e-NAM creates a national market, improving farmers&#8217; access and facilitating better prices.<\/li><li><strong>Subsidies for Inputs:<\/strong> The government provides subsidies for seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation equipment, reducing cultivation costs. Crop insurance subsidies offer financial support in case of losses.<\/li><li><strong>Technology Adoption:<\/strong> PM-KISAN supports small farmers, enabling technology investment for improved productivity. KCC scheme provides credit access for technology and inputs investment.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The complex narrative of declining income in agriculture amidst its pivotal role in employment necessitates holistic policies. Striking a balance between economic growth and safeguarding livelihoods is imperative. Sustainable measures are essential to navigate challenges and harness the enduring significance of agriculture in India&#8217;s socio-economic fabric.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel \u2013&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. 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Mains Answer Writing Practice \u2013&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Agriculture stands as the foundation of the Indian economy, witnessing a consistent decline in its contribution to the GDP from about 52% in FY1951<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":27159,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1643],"tags":[232,515,230],"class_list":["post-27289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-upsc-mains","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-cse","tag-upsc-mains"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27289","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27289"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27289\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27293,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27289\/revisions\/27293"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27289"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27289"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27289"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}