{"id":27560,"date":"2024-02-16T06:48:43","date_gmt":"2024-02-16T06:48:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=27560"},"modified":"2024-02-16T06:48:45","modified_gmt":"2024-02-16T06:48:45","slug":"upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Daily Current Affairs &#8211; 16th February 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-current-affairs?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Current+Affairs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42406\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants, we explore the latest developments that hold relevance for the upcoming civil services examination. Our focus today includes a critical analysis of recent policy changes, international affairs, and national developments, all of which play a pivotal role in shaping the socio-political and economic landscape of India. Stay informed and stay ahead in your UPSC preparations with our daily current affairs updates, as we provide you with concise, well-researched insights to help you connect the dots between contemporary events and the broader canvas of the civil services syllabus.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d6f6d4369e0\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d6f6d4369e0\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#India_Faces_WTO_Pressure_on_Farm_Subsidies\" title=\"India Faces WTO Pressure on Farm Subsidies\">India Faces WTO Pressure on Farm Subsidies<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#In_News\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Challenges_Confronting_Indias_Agricultural_Subsidy_Programs_in_the_WTO\" title=\"Challenges Confronting India\u2019s Agricultural Subsidy Programs in the WTO\">Challenges Confronting India\u2019s Agricultural Subsidy Programs in the WTO<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#UPI_Services_in_Sri_Lanka_and_Mauritius\" title=\"UPI Services in Sri Lanka and Mauritius\">UPI Services in Sri Lanka and Mauritius<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#In_News-2\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Understanding_RuPay_and_UPI\" title=\"Understanding RuPay and UPI\">Understanding RuPay and UPI<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Benefits_for_Users_in_Mauritius_and_Sri_Lanka\" title=\"Benefits for Users in Mauritius and Sri Lanka\">Benefits for Users in Mauritius and Sri Lanka<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Female_Genital_Mutilation\" title=\"Female Genital Mutilation\">Female Genital Mutilation<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#In_News-3\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Understanding_Female_Genital_Mutilation_FGM\" title=\"Understanding Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)\">Understanding Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Challenges_in_Eliminating_FGM\" title=\"Challenges in Eliminating FGM\">Challenges in Eliminating FGM<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Global_Initiatives_for_Eradication\" title=\"Global Initiatives for Eradication\">Global Initiatives for Eradication<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#The_Path_Forward\" title=\"The Path Forward\">The Path Forward<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Bharat_Ratna_Awardees_2024\" title=\"Bharat Ratna Awardees 2024\">Bharat Ratna Awardees 2024<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#In_News-4\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Notable_Contributions_of_Bharat_Ratna_Awardees_2024\" title=\"Notable Contributions of Bharat Ratna Awardees (2024)\">Notable Contributions of Bharat Ratna Awardees (2024)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#APAAR_One_Nation_One_Student_ID_Card\" title=\"APAAR: One Nation One Student ID Card\">APAAR: One Nation One Student ID Card<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#In_News-5\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Understanding_APAAR\" title=\"Understanding APAAR\">Understanding APAAR<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Key_Benefits\" title=\"Key Benefits\">Key Benefits<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Concerns_and_Considerations\" title=\"Concerns and Considerations\">Concerns and Considerations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Related_Concepts\" title=\"Related Concepts\">Related Concepts<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#SC_Strikes_Down_Electoral_Bonds_Scheme\" title=\"SC Strikes Down Electoral Bonds Scheme\">SC Strikes Down Electoral Bonds Scheme<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#In_News-6\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#About_the_Judgement\" title=\"About the Judgement\">About the Judgement<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Kaji_Nemu\" title=\"Kaji Nemu\">Kaji Nemu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#In_News-7\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#About_Kaji_Nemu_Assams_Unique_Lemon_Variety\" title=\"About Kaji Nemu: Assam&#8217;s Unique Lemon Variety\">About Kaji Nemu: Assam&#8217;s Unique Lemon Variety<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Pallava_Dynasty\" title=\"Pallava Dynasty\">Pallava Dynasty<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#In_News-8\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Overview_of_the_Pallava_Dynasty\" title=\"Overview of the Pallava Dynasty\">Overview of the Pallava Dynasty<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Baltic_Sea\" title=\"Baltic Sea\">Baltic Sea<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#In_News-9\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Baltic_Sea_A_Snapshot\" title=\"Baltic Sea: A Snapshot\">Baltic Sea: A Snapshot<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#What_is_Cassini_Spacecraft\" title=\"What is Cassini Spacecraft?\">What is Cassini Spacecraft?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#In_News-10\" title=\"In News:\">In News:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Cassini-Huygens_Space_Mission_Unveiling_Saturns_Secrets\" title=\"Cassini-Huygens Space Mission: Unveiling Saturn&#8217;s Secrets\">Cassini-Huygens Space Mission: Unveiling Saturn&#8217;s Secrets<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Case_Study_of_the_DAY_%E2%80%93_Motivational_Campaigns_for_School_Enrollments\" title=\"Case Study of the DAY &#8211; Motivational Campaigns for School Enrollments\">Case Study of the DAY &#8211; Motivational Campaigns for School Enrollments<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are daily current affairs?\">Q: What are daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?\">Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\" title=\"Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?\">Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\" title=\"Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?\">Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?\">Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-16th-february-2024\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"India_Faces_WTO_Pressure_on_Farm_Subsidies\"><\/span><strong>India Faces WTO Pressure on Farm Subsidies<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-2 IR GS-3 Agriculture<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Government of India has a constrained capacity to fulfill the protesters&#8217; farmers demand for a legal assurance of the minimum support price (MSP).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Challenges_Confronting_Indias_Agricultural_Subsidy_Programs_in_the_WTO\"><\/span><strong>Challenges Confronting India\u2019s Agricultural Subsidy Programs in the WTO<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Unfavorable WTO Rules for Developing Countries<\/strong><ul><li>India&#8217;s per-farmer subsidy is considerably lower than that of countries like the US.<\/li><li>WTO rules, however, do not account for subsidies on a per-farmer basis, disproportionately impacting developing nations.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Exceeding Subsidy Limits<\/strong><ul><li>India&#8217;s total rice production in 2019-20 exceeded the 10% limit, reaching $6.31 billion in subsidies, making it susceptible to challenges.<\/li><li>Despite a low per-farmer subsidy of $300 compared to $40,000 in the US, India faces WTO scrutiny.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Protection Through &#8216;Peace Clause\u2019<\/strong><ul><li>India is shielded by the &#8216;Peace Clause&#8217; agreed upon during the 2013 Bali ministerial, preventing disputes over existing subsidies.<\/li><li>Ambiguities in the clause, however, expose India to potential disputes if new schemes are introduced.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Cairns Group&#8217;s Allegations<\/strong><ul><li>The Cairns Group, including Australia, Brazil, and Canada, contends that India&#8217;s public stockholding program distorts global food prices and harms other nations&#8217; food security.<\/li><li>Proposals by the Cairns Group aim to reduce trade-distorting farm support globally, creating tensions with India.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Pressure for MSP Program Protection<\/strong><ul><li>India resists dismantling the Minimum Support Price (MSP) scheme, seeking legal protection against external pressures.<\/li><li>The government faces challenges reconciling WTO peer pressure with domestic demands for robust MSP support.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Deadlock at Inter-Ministerial Summit<\/strong><ul><li>Efforts for a permanent solution and greater flexibility in farm support face deadlock in inter-ministerial summits, with developed-developing country disputes persisting.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Farmers&#8217; Demand for WTO Exit<\/strong><ul><li>Some farmer groups advocate removing agriculture from the WTO, posing challenges for India&#8217;s ability to discipline subsidies from developed nations.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Balancing Peer Pressure and MSP Demands<\/strong><ul><li>The government navigates a delicate balance between WTO obligations and demands for enhanced MSP support from farmers.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Food Security Threats<\/strong><ul><li>A potential shift away from agriculture by Punjab and Haryana farmers poses risks to the country&#8217;s food security.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Advocating for Policy Amendments<\/strong><ul><li>India strives to amend WTO food subsidy cap calculations and extend the &#8216;Peace Clause&#8217; to cover programs implemented post-2013.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/business\/india-faces-wto-pressure-on-farm-subsidies-amid-protests-for-minimum-support-price-9162196\/\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPI_Services_in_Sri_Lanka_and_Mauritius\"><\/span><strong>UPI Services in Sri Lanka and Mauritius<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: <\/strong>GS-2 IR<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-2\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In a collaborative effort, the Prime Minister of India, along with Sri Lanka&#8217;s President, Mr. Ranil Wickremesinghe, and Mauritius&#8217; Prime Minister, Mr. Pravind Jugnauth, jointly inaugurated the introduction of Unified Payment Interface (UPI) services in Sri Lanka and Mauritius.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/T1bG-MQkpIR7yMdTQrAWEeP4vNbw8xpFptdjuTSF5whgEOmp96dHQPO4oIdXU5iSjPCeGmo7scypoEWPVP6rzk6AO84x07KKfDwd2D_HDHjxucmXjSIW9GopMFay0RnPY-CM0abXmugziWHj9tcUHw\" alt=\"UPI Services in Sri Lanka and Mauritius\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>UPI Services in Sri Lanka and Mauritius<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_RuPay_and_UPI\"><\/span><strong>Understanding RuPay and UPI<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>RuPay Overview<\/strong><ul><li>Developed by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), RuPay is a domestic card payment network.<\/li><li>It encompasses various card variants, including government scheme cards, catering to diverse segments of society.<\/li><li>RuPay&#8217;s expansion beyond Asia includes countries like Nepal, Bhutan, Singapore, UAE, and now Mauritius, facilitating secure electronic payments.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>RuPay&#8217;s Presence in Mauritius<\/strong><ul><li>Mauritius becomes the first non-Asian country to issue RuPay cards.<\/li><li>The deployment of RuPay technology enables local issuance through the Mauritius Central Automated Switch (MauCAS) card network.<\/li><li>MauCAS, operated by the Bank of Mauritius, serves as a digital hub for routing payments among operators.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>UPI (Unified Payments Interface) Introduction<\/strong><ul><li>Launched in 2016 by NPCI, UPI is a real-time payment system built on the IMPS infrastructure.<\/li><li>It allows instant fund transfers between any two parties&#8217; bank accounts and integrates various banking features into a single mobile application.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Uptake of UPI<\/strong><ul><li>UPI witnessed over 100 billion transactions in 2023, totaling Rs 2 lakh crores, demonstrating its widespread adoption.<\/li><li>The acceptance of UPI payments extends beyond India, including countries like France, UAE, Mauritius, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Bhutan, and Nepal.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Benefits_for_Users_in_Mauritius_and_Sri_Lanka\"><\/span><strong>Benefits for Users in Mauritius and Sri Lanka<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Seamless Transactions<\/strong><ul><li>Adoption of RuPay and UPI facilitates convenient and seamless transactions for users within and between India, Mauritius, and Sri Lanka.<\/li><li>Cross-border transactions become more accessible, eliminating the need for currency exchange and simplifying financial interactions.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Enhanced Financial Access<\/strong><ul><li>RuPay cards&#8217; acceptance at ATMs and PoS terminals in Mauritius expands digital payment accessibility.<\/li><li>UPI connectivity in Sri Lanka enables QR code-based payments, offering a convenient alternative to traditional methods.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Promotion of Financial Inclusion<\/strong><ul><li>The availability of RuPay cards and UPI services promotes financial inclusion by catering to individuals from diverse socio-economic backgrounds.<\/li><li>UPI transactions present a cost-effective solution, reducing expenses associated with traditional banking services.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Strengthened Economic Ties<\/strong><ul><li>Seamless payment solutions contribute to trade and tourism growth between India, Mauritius, and Sri Lanka.<\/li><li>Increased digital transactions support local businesses, enhance transparency, and reduce reliance on cash-based transactions.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Innovation and Technological Advancement<\/strong><ul><li>Introduction of RuPay and UPI reflects a commitment to digital innovation, positioning Mauritius and Sri Lanka as progressive economies.<\/li><li>Users benefit from advanced payment technologies, gaining access to innovative financial solutions for efficient and secure financial management.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2018)<\/strong><br><strong>Q. With reference to digital payments, consider the following statements:\u00a0<\/strong><br>1. BHIM app allows the user to transfer money to anyone with a UPI-enabled bank account.<br>2. While a chip-pin debit card has four factors of authentication, the BHIM app has only two factors of authentication. <strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a01 only<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a02 only<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a0Both 1 and 2<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a0Neither 1 nor 2<br><strong>Ans: (a)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2017)<\/strong><br>Q2. Which of the following is the<strong> most likely consequence of implementing the \u2018Unified Payments Interface (UPI)\u2019?\u00a0<\/strong><br>(a)\u00a0Mobile wallets will not be necessary for online payments.<br>(b)\u00a0Digital currency will replace the physical currency in about two decades.<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a0FDI inflows will drastically increase.<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a0Direct transfer of subsidies to poor people will become very effective.<br><strong>Ans: (a)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2017)<\/strong><br><strong>Q3. Consider the following statements:\u00a0<\/strong><br>1. National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) helps in promoting the financial inclusion in the country.<br>2. NPCI has launched RuPay, a card payment scheme.<br><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a01 only<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a02 only<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a0Both 1 and 2<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a0Neither 1 nor 2<br><strong>Ans: (c)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Mains (2019)Q.<\/strong>\u00a0Implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based Projects\/ Programmes usually suffers in terms of certain vital factors. Identify these factors, and suggest measures for their effective implementation.\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/business\/rupay-upi-payment-services-rolled-out-in-mauritius-sri-lanka\/article67838467.ece\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Female_Genital_Mutilation\"><\/span><strong>Female Genital Mutilation<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: <\/strong>GS \u2013 2 Issues Related to Women<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-3\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>UN agencies have reported that approximately 4.4 million girls worldwide are in danger of undergoing female genital mutilation in the year 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_Female_Genital_Mutilation_FGM\"><\/span><strong>Understanding Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Definition and Recognition<\/strong><ul><li>Female genital mutilation (FGM) encompasses non-medical procedures altering or injuring female genitalia, acknowledged internationally as a violation of human rights, health, and the integrity of girls and women.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Prevalence Worldwide<\/strong><ul><li>Concentrated in Western, Eastern, and North-Eastern Africa, as well as select Middle Eastern and Asian nations.<\/li><li>Global concern due to increased migration, affecting girls and women in Europe, Australia, and North America.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Impacts on Health<\/strong><ul><li>Short-term complications include severe pain, shock, bleeding, infections, and difficulty in passing urine.<\/li><li>Long-term consequences affect sexual, reproductive, and mental health.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Status in India<\/strong><ul><li>No legislation currently bans FGM in the country.<\/li><li>Ministry of Women and Child Development, in response to a 2017 Supreme Court petition, cited the absence of official data supporting the existence of FGM in India.<\/li><li>Unofficial reports suggest prevalence among the Bohra community in Maharashtra, Kerala, Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Challenges_in_Eliminating_FGM\"><\/span><strong>Challenges in Eliminating FGM<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Cultural and Social Norms<\/strong><ul><li>Deeply rooted in cultural and social norms, passed down through generations.<\/li><li>Changing these entrenched beliefs poses a significant challenge.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Lack of Awareness and Education<\/strong><ul><li>Communities practicing FGM may lack understanding of its harmful consequences.<\/li><li>Insufficient awareness and education contribute to the perpetuation of the practice.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Data Collection and Reporting Challenges<\/strong><ul><li>Limited data hinders efforts to comprehend the extent of FGM and implement targeted interventions effectively.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Global_Initiatives_for_Eradication\"><\/span><strong>Global Initiatives for Eradication<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>UN-Led Programs<\/strong><ul><li>UN Population Fund and UNICEF co-lead a global program for FGM elimination since 2008.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>International Day of Zero Tolerance<\/strong><ul><li>The UN General Assembly designated 6th February as the International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation in 2012.<\/li><li>Aims to focus efforts on eliminating this practice.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>2024 Theme: Her Voice. Her Future<\/strong><ul><li>Aligned with the UN&#8217;s goal for full elimination by 2030, following Sustainable Development Goal 5 (SDG 5.3).<\/li><li>Targets the eradication of harmful practices, including FGM.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Path_Forward\"><\/span><strong>The Path Forward<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Legislation and Policy Enforcement<\/strong><ul><li>Strengthen existing laws to explicitly ban FGM, with penalties for performers or facilitators.<\/li><li>Governments should ensure effective enforcement through law enforcement agencies.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Awareness and Education Campaigns<\/strong><ul><li>Launch comprehensive campaigns to educate communities about the physical, psychological, and sexual health risks associated with FGM.<\/li><li>Target individuals within practicing communities and beyond.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Inclusion in Human Rights Framework<\/strong><ul><li>Ground efforts to combat FGM in human rights principles, respecting the rights of women and girls.<\/li><li>Advocate for the inclusion of FGM prevention and response measures in the international human rights framework.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong><br><br><strong>Mains (2015)<\/strong>Q. Discuss the positive and negative effects of globalisation on women in India?\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/news\/health\/nearly-4-4-million-girls-will-be-at-risk-of-female-genital-mutilation-in-2024-warn-un-agencies-94312#:~:text=FGM%20is%2C%20therefore%2C%20a%20global,day%2C%20the%20UN%20agencies%20stated.4\">DTE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bharat_Ratna_Awardees_2024\"><\/span><strong>Bharat Ratna Awardees 2024<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS \u2013 2 Government Policies &amp; Interventions GS \u2013 1 Important Personalities<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-4\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The distinguished Bharat Ratna, India&#8217;s highest civilian honor, will be awarded to five notable individuals for their outstanding contributions in politics, governance, and agriculture<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Notable_Contributions_of_Bharat_Ratna_Awardees_2024\"><\/span><strong>Notable Contributions of Bharat Ratna Awardees (2024)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Karpoori Thakur<\/strong><ul><li>Served as Bihar&#8217;s 11th Chief Minister twice, from 1970-71 and 1977-79, earning the title &#8220;Jan Nayak.&#8221;<\/li><li>Posthumously conferred the Bharat Ratna.<\/li><li>Pioneered reservation for Other Backward Classes (OBCs), implementing the Mungeri Lal Commission&#8217;s recommendations.<\/li><li>Introduced a groundbreaking reservation model in 1978, allocating 26% reservations with specific quotas for OBCs, Economically Backward Classes (EBCs), women, and economically backward classes among upper castes.<\/li><li>Advocated for marginalized communities&#8217; rights, emphasizing social justice and inclusive development.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/wgv5ECo5fQB-C8LT2rLWrwEdGRSnrfPAFupOa0K7PyYhOtUTK7aMCwZbGRjD2CUoT3G4ONFOOrIoLhxwjvi6qlt1FmIOMsMiakcbdTy6VHZoFbEqZuUfeJf9PnpCMIlTf-4-6618Cst97w7kWYlYJA\" alt=\"Karpoori Thakur\n\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>Karpoori Thakur<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Mankombu Sambasivan (MS) Swaminathan<\/strong><ul><li>Revered as the &#8216;Father of India\u2019s Green Revolution.&#8217;<\/li><li>Posthumously conferred the Bharat Ratna.<\/li><li>Collaborated with Norman Borlaug to develop high-yielding wheat and rice varieties, revolutionizing Indian agriculture.<\/li><li>Advocated for fair prices for agricultural produce and sustainable farming practices, leading the National Commission of Farmers.<\/li><li>Played a pivotal role in crafting the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&#8217; Right Act, 2001.<\/li><li>Recipient of numerous awards, including the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award, Ramon Magsaysay Award, and Albert Einstein World Science Award.<\/li><li>Previously honored with Padma Shri (1967), Padma Bhushan (1972), and Padma Vibhushan (1989).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/pEhnmkRzeeW17hSwflgFNEXojjr1cpfkq2tzzCAILXMT2SMC2XZ1EhNnRNIA5Oqf8naNnQ4fVLLfpVOB7cbSCh6UYfDzwrgSf5KRi2AC-ZpNbhG9PiAbTazfXsaQwxF1fFLA6DsA4rXckwec1d4eaw\" alt=\"Mankombu Sambasivan (MS) Swaminathan\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>Mankombu Sambasivan (MS) Swaminathan<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Pamulaparthi Venkata (P. V.) Narasimha Rao<\/strong><ul><li>9th Prime Minister of India (1991-1996), posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna.<\/li><li>Reset India\u2019s foreign policy, improved ties with the United States, and established relations with Israel.<\/li><li>Upheld national independence by maintaining India\u2019s right to pursue its nuclear strategy.<\/li><li>Initiated economic liberalization and resurgence through LPG reforms in 1991, opening up the economy to globalization, reducing trade barriers, and initiating privatization.<\/li><li>Published \u2018SahasraPhan,\u2019 a Hindi translation of the famous Telugu Novel \u2018Veyi Padagalu.\u2019<\/li><li>Enacted the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments Acts, mandating one-third reservation for women in Panchayati Raj institutions and urban local bodies.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/lNF4emJEG1AbfUn6CcxniFE5osGuHZJBmXv4mUBpyOxgdAh4I4Uc1eFVELMyivR05KiQCCiVcsWmjIWzCkqAbE84HpOxZOWWqMwW8njOOkUhjlA7PlC_-z8iX9SdxffcYlgJ-4nlpvS12wGunq4i4g\" alt=\"Pamulaparthi Venkata (P. V.) Narasimha Rao\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>Pamulaparthi Venkata (P. V.) Narasimha Rao<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Lal Krishna Advani<\/strong><ul><li>Served as the 7th Deputy Prime Minister of India (1999-2004) and long-time President of the Bharatiya Janata Party.<\/li><li>Acknowledged for intellectual acumen, strong principles, and steadfast support for a strong and prosperous India.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/Wb0uJYMmLPQRGGTOe3pwKZATz49t-Qw2ukrog2Wy5bNEqnGH-pgR1ew93Twvto3z_QF12DRgvw07_kjCc8hYTW7Ov4Wbicoc-nEoLlBIv-1ZnjMfV0lTTRaLOVjL86HgauK6xnDDKNriSbHdJW9ghQ\" alt=\"Lal Krishna Advani\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>Lal Krishna Advani<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Chaudhary Charan Singh<\/strong><ul><li>5th Prime Minister of India and former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.<\/li><li>Played a crucial role in abolishing the zamindari system in Uttar Pradesh in 1952 as the agriculture minister.<\/li><li>Advocated for peasant rights and introduced measures to improve their conditions and welfare.<\/li><li>Embraced Mahatma Gandhi&#8217;s non-violent struggle for independence and was imprisoned several times.<\/li><li>Promoted democratic values, secularism, and social justice.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/585X1yypL8KpfJHHog803o4yXLoUCE3dFlK76NmnRn2BXkDfYgQaH57hxeDFCDm4IA3b2lRQMbyRUAtMMEfg7uM6_8IYUWfJ02dMOS1pCkH4Gksu03jT0l8k4iAN2WI7S7bpLvtbxNpf6XU1Hew04g\" alt=\"Chaudhary Charan Singh\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>Chaudhary Charan Singh<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2021)<\/strong><br><strong>Q. Consider the following statements in respect of Bharat Ratna and Padma Awards:\u00a0<\/strong><br>1. Bharat Ratna and Padma Awards are titles under the Article 18(1) of the Constitution of India.\u00a0<br>2. Padma Awards, which were instituted in the year 1954, were suspended only once.\u00a0<br>3. The number of Bharat Ratna Awards is restricted to a maximum of five in a particular year.\u00a0<br><strong>Which of the above statements is not correct?\u00a0<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a01 and 2 only\u00a0\u00a0<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a02 and 3 only\u00a0<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a01 and 3 only\u00a0<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a01, 2 and 3\u00a0<br><strong>Ans: (d)\u00a0<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/skm-welcomes-bharat-ratna-for-charan-singh-swaminathan-slams-govt-for-not-keeping-msp-promise\/article67832145.ece#:~:text=%22SKM%20welcomes%20BJP%20government's%20late,conferring%20Bharat%20Ratna%20on%20them.\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"APAAR_One_Nation_One_Student_ID_Card\"><\/span><strong>APAAR: One Nation One Student ID Card<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS \u2013 2 Government Policies &amp; Interventions, Education<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-5\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In New Delhi, a recent National Conference on APAAR, centered around the theme &#8220;One Nation One Student ID Card,&#8221; took place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_APAAR\"><\/span><strong>Understanding APAAR<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Overview<\/strong><ul><li>APAAR, which stands for Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry, is a specialized identification system designed to cover all students in India from an early age.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) of 2020 and the National Credit and Qualifications Framework (NCrF).&nbsp;<\/li><li>While the registration for an APAAR ID is voluntary, it is not mandatory.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Objective<\/strong><ul><li>The primary objective of APAAR is to streamline and enrich the academic experience of students across India.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It accomplishes this by assigning a unique and permanent 12-digit ID to each student, consolidating their academic records into a single accessible platform.&nbsp;<\/li><li>This initiative is not just a tool for tracking the educational progress of 260 million students in India; it is also positioned as an aspirational and globally recognized document for students.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Benefits\"><\/span><strong>Key Benefits<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Accountability and Transparency<\/strong><ul><li>APAAR ensures accountability and transparency in education by tracking student progress and consolidating academic records.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Efficiency and Fraud Prevention<\/strong><ul><li>It enhances efficiency, combats fraud, and includes co-curricular achievements for holistic student development.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Support for Data-Driven Decision-Making<\/strong><ul><li>With multiple use cases, APAAR facilitates a smooth transfer process and supports data-driven decision-making in educational institutions.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Employability<\/strong><ul><li>It enables students to easily share their academic records for enhanced access to employment opportunities.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Concerns_and_Considerations\"><\/span><strong>Concerns and Considerations<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Privacy Concerns<\/strong><ul><li>Consolidating academic records into a centralized database raises concerns about the privacy and security of student data.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Robust security measures are essential to address potential risks of identity theft or fraudulent activities.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Digital Divide<\/strong><ul><li>There is a risk that students from marginalized or remote communities may face unequal access to digital platforms, potentially widening existing educational disparities.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Related_Concepts\"><\/span><strong>Related Concepts<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Academic Bank of Credits (ABC)<\/strong><ul><li>As per NEP 2020, the Academic Bank of Credits is envisioned to facilitate the academic mobility of students, allowing them the freedom to study across educational institutions in the country with an appropriate &#8220;credit transfer&#8221; mechanism from one program to another.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The APAAR ID ensures seamless data transfer within the ABC when a student changes schools.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>DigiLocker<\/strong><ul><li>DigiLocker is a cloud-based platform under the Digital India program, enabling users to digitally store, issue, and verify documents and certificates.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Issued documents in the DigiLocker system hold the same status as original physical documents, as per Rule 9A of the Information Technology (Preservation and Retention of Information by Intermediaries providing Digital Locker facilities) Rules, 2016.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2005706#:~:text=He%20informed%20that%20a%20Permanent,of%20schooling%20for%20the%20children.\">PIB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SC_Strikes_Down_Electoral_Bonds_Scheme\"><\/span><strong>SC Strikes Down Electoral Bonds Scheme<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-2 Elections<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-6\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Supreme Court (SC) recently declared the electoral bonds scheme unconstitutional, citing it as a method allowing anonymous donations to political parties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_the_Judgement\"><\/span><strong>About the Judgement<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Supreme Court emphasized the importance of transparency in funding political parties for informed electoral decisions.<\/li><li>It stated that the Electoral Bonds scheme infringes upon the right to information as outlined in Article 19(1)(a).<\/li><li>Electoral Bonds are financial instruments serving as promissory notes or bearer bonds, specifically designed for contributing funds to political parties in India.<\/li><li>The State Bank of India (SBI) is the sole authorized bank to issue and encash electoral bonds.<\/li><li>Donations made under this scheme enjoyed a 100% tax exemption.<\/li><li>The Supreme Court issued a directive to the State Bank of India, instructing it to cease the issuance of electoral bonds immediately.<\/li><li>The SBI is required to submit all details related to electoral bonds to the Election Commission by 6th March 2024.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/electoral-bonds-scheme-verdict-live-updates-february-15-2024\/article67847980.ece\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kaji_Nemu\"><\/span><strong>Kaji Nemu<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Environment<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-7\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Assam government recently designated the GI-tagged \u2018Kaji Nemu\u2019 (Citrus Limon) as the official State Fruit.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/s_Y0nTKsDT_5KXBBRBbYl-08Wy9le9PNC8pBsHcZBVH823hefhdCYwFK0nHHz-BuW9G_MVzb-aBKStw7rD0_4Va5c-C0DndLKsJd8sDlIhD-gv7KDROSidChehFEuqwhRwCGcgX-eu4nXcYEpMN_hg\" alt=\"Kaji Nemu\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>Kaji Nemu<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_Kaji_Nemu_Assams_Unique_Lemon_Variety\"><\/span><strong>About Kaji Nemu: Assam&#8217;s Unique Lemon Variety<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Distinctive Characteristics<\/strong><ul><li>Elongated and oblong compared to other lemon varieties.<\/li><li>Popular for its unique aroma and health benefits.<\/li><li>Traditionally associated with Assamese cuisines.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Global Presence<\/strong><ul><li>Exported to several countries, including the Middle East.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Aromatic Contribution<\/strong><ul><li>Enriches local cuisines with its unique aroma and antioxidant properties.<\/li><li>Oval-shaped Kaji Nemu is notably juicier than other lemon varieties.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Utilization<\/strong><ul><li>Primarily used in culinary and commercial purposes.<\/li><li>Extensively employed for its medicinal properties.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Cultivation<\/strong><ul><li>Grown in almost all districts of Assam.<\/li><li>Available throughout the year.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Nutrient Powerhouse<\/strong><ul><li>Rich in nutrients, contributing to overall health.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Citrus Diversity in Assam<\/strong><ul><li>Assam boasts 16 species and 52 varieties\/hybrids of citrus.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Geographical Indication (GI) Tag<\/strong><ul><li>Awarded the GI tag in 2019, solidifying its link to Assamese food culture.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newindianexpress.com\/nation\/2024\/Feb\/14\/kaji-nemu-declared-as-state-fruit-assam-government-says-will-benefit-farmers\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pallava_Dynasty\"><\/span><strong>Pallava Dynasty<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-1 Art and Culture<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-8\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In Tamil Nadu, near Ulundurpet, archaeologists have recently unearthed a Kotravai sculpture from the eighth century, providing a valuable artifact from the Pallava period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview_of_the_Pallava_Dynasty\"><\/span><strong>Overview of the Pallava Dynasty<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Period of Existence:<\/strong> The Pallava Dynasty held prominence in South India from the 3rd to the 9th centuries.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Territorial Rule: <\/strong>They governed the northern regions of Tamil Nadu, portions of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana, establishing Kanchipuram as their capital.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Religious Patronage:<\/strong> The Pallavas were patrons of Buddhism, Jainism, and the Brahminical faith. They actively supported music, painting, and literature.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Origin and Autonomy<\/strong><ul><li>Initially, the Pallavas were vassals under the Andhra Satavahanas.<\/li><li>They gained autonomy following the decline of the Andhra Satavahanas at Amaravati.<\/li><li>The Pallavas progressively moved southward, founding their capital in Kanchipuram during the 4th century CE.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Notable Rulers and Prosperity<\/strong><ul><li>The reigns of Mahendravarman I (571 &#8211; 630 CE) and Narasimhavarman I (630 &#8211; 668 CE) witnessed an increase in the wealth and power of the Pallava realm.<\/li><li>Hiuen Tsang, the Chinese traveler, depicted Bodhidharma, the Chan (Zen) Buddhism initiator in China, as a Pallava prince.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Architectural Contributions<\/strong><ul><li>Renowned for Dravidian architecture, the Pallavas played a crucial role in the shift from rock-cut structures to stone temples.<\/li><li>Significant architectural achievements at Mahabalipuram, which became a center for art, architecture, and literature.<\/li><li>Key temples include the Kailasanatha Temple and the Shore Temple, the latter constructed by Narasimhavarman II.<\/li><li>Kailasanatha and Vaikuntaperumal temples are particularly celebrated for their architectural excellence.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Religious Affiliation<\/strong><ul><li>The Pallavas embraced Shaivism, adopting the local religion and contributing to the Dravidian cultural identity.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Conflicts and Battles<\/strong><ul><li>Engaged in persistent conflicts with the Chalukya Dynasty in the north and Tamil kingdoms of Chola and Pandyas in the south.<\/li><li>The Pallavas confronted the Chalukyas of Badami and were eventually absorbed by the Chola kings in the 8th century CE.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Decline<\/strong><ul><li>The ascendancy of the Rashtrakutas marked the decline of the Pallava Dynasty.<\/li><li>Vijayalaya, the Chola King, decisively defeated Aparajitavarman, the last Pallava King, in 897 AD.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newindianexpress.com\/states\/tamil-nadu\/2024\/Feb\/14\/kotravai-sculpture-from-pallava-period-unearthed-near-ulundurpet\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Baltic_Sea\"><\/span><strong>Baltic Sea<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-1 Physical Geography GS-3 Environment and Ecology<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-9\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Archaeologists in Germany have uncovered a Stone Age wall beneath the Baltic Sea, considered to be the oldest megastructure constructed by humans in Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/yIN9IECE0g0AzHVlTyRvRFOnSqHVFzpzW2QQTRv3QZYa71oqa9zkCvK5Ve-Cw3IVoV4tD4krRco5W2t_4Mkb_Ovp8cjCae0FxMP6i5no1PgbGTSTJdXHAmpVEqG8P9Y4V4a7ytUDkktY8jkAcnS2CA\" alt=\"Baltic Sea\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>Baltic Sea<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Baltic_Sea_A_Snapshot\"><\/span><strong>Baltic Sea: A Snapshot<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Geographical Location<\/strong><ul><li>Situated in Northern Europe, the Baltic Sea is a semi-enclosed inland sea.<\/li><li>An extension of the North Atlantic Ocean, it stretches northward from southern Denmark, nearly reaching the Arctic Circle.<\/li><li>Separates the Scandinavian Peninsula from the rest of continental Europe.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Coastline and Countries<\/strong><ul><li>The coastline spans approximately 8,000 km and is shared by multiple countries, including Sweden, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Finland, Estonia, Germany, Denmark, and Russia.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Size and Dimensions<\/strong><ul><li>Covers an area of about 377,000 sq.km.<\/li><li>Length is approximately 1,600 km, and width is around 193 km.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Connectivity<\/strong><ul><li>Connected to the White Sea through the White Sea Canal.<\/li><li>Links to the North Sea\u2019s German Bight via the Kiel Canal.<\/li><li>Connects to the Atlantic Ocean via the Danish Straits.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Major Gulfs<\/strong><ul><li>Features three significant gulfs: the Gulf of Bothnia to the north, the Gulf of Finland to the east, and the Gulf of Riga slightly to the south.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Brackish Inland Water Body<\/strong><ul><li>Often regarded as the world\u2019s largest brackish inland water body.<\/li><li>Lower water salinity compared to the World Oceans due to inflow from surrounding land and shallow depths.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>River Inflow<\/strong><ul><li>Over 250 rivers and streams discharge into the Baltic Sea.<\/li><li>The Neva, the largest river in this context, flows into the Baltic Sea.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Islands and Archipelagos<\/strong><ul><li>Home to more than 20 islands and archipelagos.<\/li><li>Gotland, situated off the coast of Sweden, stands as the largest island in the Baltic Sea.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/science\/scientists-accidentally-find-a-mysterious-one-km-long-wall-in-baltic-sea-101707816076375.html\"><strong>HT<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Cassini_Spacecraft\"><\/span><strong>What is Cassini Spacecraft?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Science and Tech.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_News-10\"><\/span><strong>In News:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Recent data analysis from NASA&#8217;s Cassini spacecraft indicates the existence of an expansive ocean beneath the frozen crust of Saturn&#8217;s moon Mimas.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/8vLK8XbFKAUVO27rGqDW3uvqtU94lHjTzWFuQdKlQGBB8UimrRFc8xJwTQw_km5dqNsXLCgVtOJNiIT9RJbo2OA1Fx5d2YX08IF8eQMl256pATMj_4UIflQYichcHinPICf6hsvNyPfBNQPdlwDnCQ\" alt=\"Cassini Spacecraft\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>Cassini Spacecraft<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cassini-Huygens_Space_Mission_Unveiling_Saturns_Secrets\"><\/span><strong>Cassini-Huygens Space Mission: Unveiling Saturn&#8217;s Secrets<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Launch and Consortium<\/strong><ul><li>The Cassini-Huygens mission was a collaborative effort involving NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI).<\/li><li>Launched on October 15, 1997, the spacecraft aimed to explore Saturn and its moon Titan.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Spacecraft Overview<\/strong><ul><li>The mission featured NASA&#8217;s Cassini orbiter and ESA&#8217;s Huygens probe.<\/li><li>Cassini, weighing 2,125 kg (4,685 pounds), became the first spacecraft to orbit Saturn.<\/li><li>Huygens, a disk-shaped probe weighing 349 kg (769 pounds), was designed to land on Titan.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Dimensions and Instruments<\/strong><ul><li>Cassini orbiter dimensions were 6.7 meters (22 feet) in length and 4 meters (13 feet) in width.<\/li><li>Instruments included radar for mapping Titan&#8217;s surface and a magnetometer to study Saturn&#8217;s magnetic field.<\/li><li>Huygens probe, mounted on Cassini, carried six instruments to study Titan&#8217;s atmosphere and surface.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Mission Highlights<\/strong><ul><li>Cassini orbited Saturn from 2004 to 2017, completing 294 orbits and providing crucial insights.<\/li><li>It extensively studied Saturn&#8217;s atmosphere, rings, and their interactions with the planet&#8217;s moons.<\/li><li>The mission discovered six new moons and identified Enceladus and Titan as potential sites for exploring extraterrestrial life.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Legacy and Scientific Contributions<\/strong><ul><li>Cassini-Huygens significantly advanced our understanding of Saturn&#8217;s complex system, enriching planetary science.<\/li><li>The mission&#8217;s findings continue to influence research on planetary atmospheres, magnetospheres, and astrobiology.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.businesstoday.in\/visualstories\/news\/hidden-ocean-beneath-saturns-moon-mimas-discovered-by-nasas-cassini-spacecraft-103151-13-02-2024\"><strong>BT<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Case_Study_of_the_DAY_%E2%80%93_Motivational_Campaigns_for_School_Enrollments\"><\/span>Case Study of the DAY &#8211; Motivational Campaigns for School Enrollments<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Balrampur District Administration initiated the &#8216;Padhe Balrampur, Badhe Balrampur&#8217; campaign, engaging officials, teachers, parents, students, and civil society members to raise awareness about the significance of quality education. Through motivational efforts, parents of unschooled children were encouraged to enroll them in schools, resulting in approximately 54,000 previously out-of-school students joining, accompanied by a significant boost in attendance rates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Similarly, Siddharthnagar District Administration launched the &#8216;Main Saksham Hoon&#8217; campaign, specifically aimed at inspiring parents to send their children to schools. Schools actively involved parents in monitoring their child&#8217;s performance, fostering a sense of inclusion in their education.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Daily current affairs refer to the most recent and relevant events, developments, and news stories that are happening around the world on a day-to-day basis. These can encompass a wide range of topics, including politics, economics, science, technology, sports, and more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Staying updated with daily current affairs is crucial because it helps individuals make informed decisions in their personal and professional lives. It enables people to understand the world around them, stay aware of significant events, and engage in informed discussions about important issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\"><\/span>Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: There are various sources for daily current affairs, including newspapers, news websites, television news broadcasts, radio programs, and dedicated apps or newsletters. Social media platforms are also widely used to share and access current affairs information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\"><\/span>Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: To incorporate daily current affairs into your routine, consider setting aside specific times each day to read or watch news updates. You can also subscribe to newsletters or follow news apps to receive curated content. Engaging in discussions with peers or participating in online forums can further enhance your understanding of current events.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: When analyzing daily current affairs, it&#8217;s essential to cross-reference information from multiple sources to ensure accuracy. Additionally, consider the source&#8217;s credibility and bias, if any. Develop the ability to identify the main points and implications of news stories, and critically evaluate the significance and impact of the events reported.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants, we explore the latest developments that hold relevance for the upcoming civil services examination<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":27565,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[265],"tags":[160,161,232,140],"class_list":["post-27560","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs-upsc","tag-upsc","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27560","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27560"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27560\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27573,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27560\/revisions\/27573"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27565"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}