{"id":28732,"date":"2024-02-21T07:12:51","date_gmt":"2024-02-21T07:12:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=28732"},"modified":"2024-02-21T07:12:53","modified_gmt":"2024-02-21T07:12:53","slug":"understanding-demography-upsc-indian-society-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/understanding-demography-upsc-indian-society-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding \u2018Demography\u2019 &#8211; UPSC Indian Society Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-history?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=History\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/13-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The term \u2018demography\u2019 is of Greek origin and is composed of the two words, <strong>\u2018demos\u2019<\/strong> (people) and \u2018<strong>graphein<\/strong>\u2019 (describe), implying the description of people. Hence <strong>demography<\/strong> is the science of the <strong>systematic study<\/strong> of population.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Demography looks into various <strong>aspects of population<\/strong>, such as changes in <strong>population size<\/strong>, <strong>patterns of births<\/strong>, <strong>deaths<\/strong>, and <strong>migration<\/strong>, and the structure and composition of the population, including the proportions of women, men, and different age groups.<\/li><li>Demography comes in different varieties, such as <strong>formal demography<\/strong>, which is mainly quantitative, and <strong>social demography<\/strong>, which emphasizes the social, economic, or political aspects of populations.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Formal demography\u2013 <\/strong>Formal demography primarily deals with the measurement and analysis of the components of population change. Its main focus is on quantitative analysis, utilizing a well-developed mathematical methodology that is suitable for forecasting population growth and changes in population composition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Example- The \u201cpopulation of India on April 1, 1995\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Social demography\u2013 <\/strong>Social demography enquires the broader causes and consequences of population structures and changes. Social demographers believe that demographic processes are regulated by social processes and structures. Similar to sociologists, they aim to identify the social reasons that explain population trends.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Example- age, education, religion, employment, marital status, income levels, migration background, race, and ethnicity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d71d952b54b\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d71d952b54b\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/understanding-demography-upsc-indian-society-notes\/#Determining_Population_Trends\" title=\"Determining Population Trends\">Determining Population Trends<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/understanding-demography-upsc-indian-society-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/understanding-demography-upsc-indian-society-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Determining_Population_Trends\"><\/span><strong>Determining Population Trends<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>All demographic studies rely on processes of counting or enumeration, such as <strong>censuses<\/strong> or <strong>surveys<\/strong>. These methods involve the systematic collection of data on the people residing within a specified territory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The practice of collecting <strong>social statistics<\/strong> by the state is quite old, but it took on its modern form towards the end of the eighteenth century. The <strong>American census<\/strong> of 1790 is considered one of the <strong>first modern censuses<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In India, censuses started under the British Indian government between 1867-72 (under British Viceroy Lord Mayo). Regular censuses have been conducted every ten years since 1881. After gaining independence, India continued this practice, conducting seven censuses since 1951, with the most recent one in 2011. The census is carried out by the Office of the <strong>Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner<\/strong>, India (ORGI) under the <strong>Ministry of Home Affairs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Indian census is the largest such exercise in the world (China does not conduct regular censuses).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Census<\/strong>:It is the process of systematically gathering and recording information about the members of a specific population. This term is often associated with national population censuses conducted every ten years, typically through door-to-door surveys. Example: the Economic Census in India is a Central Sector Scheme, with 100% Central Assistance and is conducted in all the States and Union Territories of the country, in collaboration with the State\/UT Governments. The Economic Census data, over the years, has provided a base for under taking follow up surveys by NSSO and other governmental and non- governmental agencies to study the structure and composition of the various industrial sectors and their contribution. It is undertaken by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Survey<\/strong>: The National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) in India is a unique setup to carry out surveys on socio-economic, demographic, agricultural and industrial subjects for collecting data from households and from enterprises located in villages and in the towns. It is a focal agency of the Govt. of India (under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI)) for collection of statistical data in the areas which are vital for developmental planning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-0852e8d9-d77d-4f32-b617-621718b5dbf9\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-f1a56b80-b7b4-4135-a37b-2aa2660d6bfd\">For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-ac11dd41-cc2b-4afd-b9df-7cc51084d393\">For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-3285c649-2f18-4f86-b863-9ca055737fe0\">Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-a98aa02f-712e-4117-a211-d368b2ee4be7\"><li>1. 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Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-e2cb2cad-5b82-4c27-b2a1-13223c909d62\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The term \u2018demography\u2019 is of Greek origin and is composed of the two words, \u2018demos\u2019 (people) and \u2018graphein\u2019 (describe), implying<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":28733,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[294],"tags":[2144,186,232,213,140],"class_list":["post-28732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-indian-society","tag-demography","tag-general-studies-1","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28732","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28732"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28732\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28734,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28732\/revisions\/28734"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28733"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28732"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28732"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28732"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}