{"id":29018,"date":"2024-02-22T06:30:48","date_gmt":"2024-02-22T06:30:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=29018"},"modified":"2024-02-22T06:30:50","modified_gmt":"2024-02-22T06:30:50","slug":"upsc-mains-analyze-the-current-state-of-indias-domestic-production-and-its-dependence-on-critical-minerals-through-imports-what-steps-can-be-taken-to-boost-self-sufficiency-in-these-resources-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-analyze-the-current-state-of-indias-domestic-production-and-its-dependence-on-critical-minerals-through-imports-what-steps-can-be-taken-to-boost-self-sufficiency-in-these-resources-1\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Mains &#8211; Analyze the current state of India&#8217;s domestic production and its dependence on critical minerals through imports. What steps can be taken to boost self-sufficiency in these resources? (15M, 250 words)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/refer-and-earn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-10-1-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/refer-and-earn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Refer &amp; Earn NOW<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a1b2f8550703\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a1b2f8550703\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-analyze-the-current-state-of-indias-domestic-production-and-its-dependence-on-critical-minerals-through-imports-what-steps-can-be-taken-to-boost-self-sufficiency-in-these-resources-1\/#Introduction\" title=\"Introduction:\">Introduction:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-analyze-the-current-state-of-indias-domestic-production-and-its-dependence-on-critical-minerals-through-imports-what-steps-can-be-taken-to-boost-self-sufficiency-in-these-resources-1\/#Body\" title=\"Body:\">Body:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-analyze-the-current-state-of-indias-domestic-production-and-its-dependence-on-critical-minerals-through-imports-what-steps-can-be-taken-to-boost-self-sufficiency-in-these-resources-1\/#Current_status_of_Indias_domestic_production_and_import_dependence_on_critical_minerals\" title=\"Current status of India&#8217;s domestic production and import dependence on critical minerals:\">Current status of India&#8217;s domestic production and import dependence on critical minerals:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-analyze-the-current-state-of-indias-domestic-production-and-its-dependence-on-critical-minerals-through-imports-what-steps-can-be-taken-to-boost-self-sufficiency-in-these-resources-1\/#Domestic_Production\" title=\"Domestic Production:\">Domestic Production:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-analyze-the-current-state-of-indias-domestic-production-and-its-dependence-on-critical-minerals-through-imports-what-steps-can-be-taken-to-boost-self-sufficiency-in-these-resources-1\/#Import_Dependence\" title=\"Import Dependence:\">Import Dependence:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-analyze-the-current-state-of-indias-domestic-production-and-its-dependence-on-critical-minerals-through-imports-what-steps-can-be-taken-to-boost-self-sufficiency-in-these-resources-1\/#Measures_to_enhance_self-sufficiency_in_these_resources\" title=\"Measures to enhance self-sufficiency in these resources:\">Measures to enhance self-sufficiency in these resources:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-analyze-the-current-state-of-indias-domestic-production-and-its-dependence-on-critical-minerals-through-imports-what-steps-can-be-taken-to-boost-self-sufficiency-in-these-resources-1\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion:\">Conclusion:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-analyze-the-current-state-of-indias-domestic-production-and-its-dependence-on-critical-minerals-through-imports-what-steps-can-be-taken-to-boost-self-sufficiency-in-these-resources-1\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-analyze-the-current-state-of-indias-domestic-production-and-its-dependence-on-critical-minerals-through-imports-what-steps-can-be-taken-to-boost-self-sufficiency-in-these-resources-1\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>India&#8217;s rapid industrialization and technological progress have fueled a heightened demand for critical minerals, playing a pivotal role in diverse industries. However, the nation&#8217;s substantial reliance on imported critical minerals raises concerns about vulnerabilities in the supply chain and potential threats to economic stability. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Body\"><\/span>Body:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Current_status_of_Indias_domestic_production_and_import_dependence_on_critical_minerals\"><\/span>Current status of India&#8217;s domestic production and import dependence on critical minerals:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Domestic_Production\"><\/span>Domestic Production: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite abundant reserves of crucial minerals such as lithium, cobalt, rare earth elements, and tungsten, India faces challenges in local production: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Outdated Mining Techniques:<\/strong> Traditional methods hinder efficiency and safety, impeding mineral output, as seen in the coal mining sector in Jharkhand. <\/li><li><strong>Infrastructure Constraints: <\/strong>Limited infrastructure obstructs growth, creating bottlenecks in exploration and extraction, particularly in states like Jharkhand for minerals like mica and bauxite. <\/li><li><strong>Bureaucratic Hurdles:<\/strong> Complex processes and delays discourage investments, obstructing mineral production, with zinc and lead deposits in states like Rajasthan facing clearance issues.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Import_Dependence\"><\/span>Import Dependence: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>India&#8217;s heavy reliance on imported critical minerals is a significant concern: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Supply Chain Vulnerability:<\/strong> Excessive import dependence exposes India to disruptions from geopolitical tensions or unforeseen events, with more than 70% of lithium-ion battery materials imported in 2022. <\/li><li><strong>Price Fluctuations:<\/strong> Relying on international markets subjects India to price volatility, affecting industries dependent on these minerals, as seen in the 35% surge in copper imports from 2021 to 2022. <\/li><li><strong>Strategic Security:<\/strong> Importing critical minerals from a few sources jeopardizes strategic security, particularly with a substantial reliance on China for key minerals amid geopolitical tensions. <\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Measures_to_enhance_self-sufficiency_in_these_resources\"><\/span>Measures to enhance self-sufficiency in these resources: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>National Mineral Policy (NMP) 2019: <\/strong>The NMP 2019 aims to reduce import dependence by promoting domestic exploration and production of critical minerals, targeting a 200% increase in mineral production over seven years. <\/li><li><strong>Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana (PMKKKY):<\/strong> PMKKKY utilizes funds from mining companies for local area development, collecting over INR 4,300 crore until 2021. <\/li><li><strong>Mines &amp; Minerals Amendment Act, 2021:<\/strong> This act seeks to bring transparency and continuity to mining operations, with 40 mineral blocks auctioned for exploration. <\/li><li><strong>Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan:<\/strong> This initiative aims to boost domestic production through policy support and ease of doing business, with a substantial economic stimulus package announced in May 2022. <\/li><li><strong>Skill India Mission:<\/strong> The mission focuses on skilling the mining workforce to enhance productivity and safety, with over 8 crore people trained under Skill India as of 2022.<\/li><li><strong>E-Waste Management Rules, 2016: <\/strong>Encouraging the recycling of critical minerals from electronic waste, considering India generated over 1.71 million metrics of e-waste in 2013, highlighting a potential resource pool.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>India&#8217;s reliance on critical mineral imports poses economic and strategic risks. Strategic partnerships, research, infrastructure upgrades, regulatory reforms, and recycling initiatives can collectively enhance self-sufficiency, fostering growth, resilience, and global competitiveness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel \u2013&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. 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