{"id":30641,"date":"2024-02-28T12:21:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-28T12:21:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=30641"},"modified":"2024-02-28T12:21:02","modified_gmt":"2024-02-28T12:21:02","slug":"aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Aquatic Organisms &#8211; UPSC Environment Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Aquatic organisms are interconnected living entities that thrive in aquatic environments, encompassing oceans, rivers, and various water bodies.&nbsp;<\/li><li>These organisms spend their entire life cycles in water, employing specialized organs to extract oxygen from their aquatic surroundings.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Oxygen uptake methods vary, with some absorbing it through their skin and others through gills.<\/li><li>&nbsp;Aquatic organisms are broadly categorized into Neuston, Periphyton, Plankton, Nekton, and Benthos based on their habitats and ecological roles.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/Uj6c-KvVgrIMxAbFeGJz34HOtMlgA3vXNt-fy6b_G19leCo47ZVYhB7KvsX7aKv_9ZFrZOkvTUoWcpPUmQckj4xoO8uJjMYC7iHSHHc19h8-NkVuB0t4eGZ1e3RWfsrVCA1lzGKLoa74TeMlRK8NCUU\" alt=\"AQUATIC ORGANISMS\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>AQUATIC ORGANISMS<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a041cfa6767d\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a041cfa6767d\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#CATEGORIES_OF_AQUATIC_ORGANISMS\" title=\"CATEGORIES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS\">CATEGORIES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#NEUSTON\" title=\"NEUSTON\">NEUSTON<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#PERIPHYTON\" title=\"PERIPHYTON\">PERIPHYTON<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#Plankton\" title=\"Plankton\">Plankton<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#NEKTON\" title=\"NEKTON\">NEKTON<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#BENTHOS\" title=\"BENTHOS\">BENTHOS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#FACTORS_AFFECTING_THE_PRODUCTIVITY\" title=\"FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTIVITY\">FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTIVITY<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#Sunlight\" title=\"Sunlight:\">Sunlight:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#Dissolved_Oxygen\" title=\"Dissolved Oxygen:\">Dissolved Oxygen:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#Transparency\" title=\"Transparency:\">Transparency:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#Temperature\" title=\"Temperature:\">Temperature:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#FAQs_%E2%80%93_Aquatic_Organisms_and_Factors_Affecting_Aquatic_Habitats\" title=\"FAQs &#8211; Aquatic Organisms and Factors Affecting Aquatic Habitats\">FAQs &#8211; Aquatic Organisms and Factors Affecting Aquatic Habitats<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#1_What_are_aquatic_organisms_and_where_do_they_live\" title=\"1. What are aquatic organisms, and where do they live?\">1. What are aquatic organisms, and where do they live?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#2_How_are_aquatic_organisms_categorized\" title=\"2. How are aquatic organisms categorized?\">2. How are aquatic organisms categorized?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#3_What_is_Neuston_and_where_can_it_be_found\" title=\"3. What is Neuston, and where can it be found?\">3. What is Neuston, and where can it be found?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#4_What_is_Periphyton_and_what_role_does_it_play_in_aquatic_ecosystems\" title=\"4. What is Periphyton, and what role does it play in aquatic ecosystems?\">4. What is Periphyton, and what role does it play in aquatic ecosystems?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#5_What_is_Plankton_and_why_is_it_essential\" title=\"5. What is Plankton, and why is it essential?\">5. What is Plankton, and why is it essential?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/aquatic-organisms-upsc-environment-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CATEGORIES_OF_AQUATIC_ORGANISMS\"><\/span><strong>CATEGORIES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Aquatic organisms are classified based on their habitats and their ability to move within them. The species, both flora and fauna, in aquatic ecosystems are diverse but can be grouped into five categories according to their life forms or locations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NEUSTON\"><\/span><strong>NEUSTON<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Neuston, also known as pleuston, refers to organisms living on the surface of oceans, estuaries, lakes, rivers, or ponds.<\/li><li>Coined by Naumann in 1917, the term encompasses organisms residing on both the upper and lower sides of the water&#8217;s surface.<\/li><li>Neuston can be found in the surface microlayer between the top and bottom sides of the water surface.<\/li><li>These organisms play a crucial role as a food source for zooplankton and are accessible to seabirds flying above oceans.<\/li><li>Example: Water Strider, a common freshwater neuston.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PERIPHYTON\"><\/span><strong>PERIPHYTON<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Periphyton constitutes a complex mixture of algae, cyanobacteria, heterotrophic microorganisms, and detritus attached to submerged surfaces in aquatic ecosystems.<\/li><li>This community has adapted to live on hard surfaces and aids in the removal of solids and dissolved contaminants in aquaculture food production systems.<\/li><li>The temperature range required for periphyton growth is linked to the environmental temperature stability.<\/li><li>Example: The cyanobacterium Mastigocladium laminosces is a prevalent taxon in periphyton due to its resilience to freezing and desiccation.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Plankton\"><\/span><strong>Plankton<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Plankton refers to a diverse group of organisms unable to swim against water currents or wind.<\/li><li>Comprising individual creatures known as plankters, plankton varies widely in size, ranging from microscopic bacteria to large species like jellyfish.<\/li><li>The distribution of plankton depends on factors such as light availability and nutrient levels.<\/li><li>Plankton serves as a crucial food source for larger aquatic species.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NEKTON\"><\/span><strong>NEKTON<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Nekton comprises living organisms capable of swimming and moving independently of currents.<\/li><li>Coined by German biologist Ernst Haeckel, the term distinguishes active swimmers from passive plankton carried by currents.<\/li><li>Nekton can be found in both the photic and aphotic zones of water bodies.<\/li><li>They play a vital role in marine food webs, linking primary consumers to higher trophic levels.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"BENTHOS\"><\/span><strong>BENTHOS<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Benthos refers to organisms living on, in, or near the bottom of seas, rivers, lakes, or streams.<\/li><li>The benthic zone, including the sediment surface and sub-surface layers, constitutes the ecological region at the lowest level of water bodies.<\/li><li>Macrobenthos, organisms larger than 1 mm, is extensively studied in benthic research.<\/li><li>Benthic creatures can be categorized based on whether they live on the ocean floor or a few centimeters below it.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FACTORS_AFFECTING_THE_PRODUCTIVITY\"><\/span><strong>FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTIVITY<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sunlight\"><\/span><strong>Sunlight:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sunlight penetration in the water column decreases rapidly, influencing the depth of plant dispersal in lakes.<\/li><li>The photic zone, the sunlit upper layer, allows light penetration, but photosynthetic activity is restricted based on water transparency.<\/li><li>The aphotic zone, located below the littoral and photic zones, lacks sufficient light for photosynthesis, and oxygen consumption occurs throughout its depth.<\/li><li>Different zones are categorized based on light penetration and plant distribution.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dissolved_Oxygen\"><\/span><strong>Dissolved Oxygen:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Oxygen concentration in aquatic ecosystems is dynamic, influenced by factors affecting input and output.<\/li><li>Dissolved oxygen, vital for aquatic life, enters through air-water contact and photosynthetic activity of aquatic plants.<\/li><li>Temperature affects oxygen solubility, with warmer water holding less dissolved oxygen.<\/li><li>Oxygen leaves the water through organism respiration, and levels below 3-5 ppm can be lethal for many aquatic organisms.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Transparency\"><\/span><strong>Transparency:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Transparency, or water clarity, is a crucial factor influencing aquatic productivity.<\/li><li>Suspended particulate matter, including clay, silt, and phytoplankton, can make water turbid, limiting light penetration.<\/li><li>Turbidity impedes photosynthetic activity, impacting the growth of aquatic plants and organisms.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Temperature\"><\/span><strong>Temperature:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Water temperature, which changes more slowly than air temperature due to water&#8217;s higher specific heat, plays a vital role in aquatic ecosystems.<\/li><li>Aquatic creatures have narrow temperature tolerance limits, making them highly sensitive to even minor temperature changes.<\/li><li>Temperature fluctuations affect the metabolic rates of organisms, influencing their growth, reproduction, and overall survival.<\/li><li>These limiting factors apply to diverse aquatic ecosystems such as lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, estuaries, oceans, and seas.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing and managing the health of aquatic habitats and the organisms that inhabit them.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_%E2%80%93_Aquatic_Organisms_and_Factors_Affecting_Aquatic_Habitats\"><\/span><strong>FAQs &#8211; Aquatic Organisms and Factors Affecting Aquatic Habitats<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_What_are_aquatic_organisms_and_where_do_they_live\"><\/span>1. What are aquatic organisms, and where do they live?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Aquatic organisms are living entities thriving in aquatic environments, including oceans, rivers, and various water bodies. They spend their entire life cycles in water, using specialized organs for oxygen extraction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_How_are_aquatic_organisms_categorized\"><\/span>2. How are aquatic organisms categorized?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Aquatic organisms are categorized into Neuston, Periphyton, Plankton, Nekton, and Benthos based on their habitats and ecological roles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_What_is_Neuston_and_where_can_it_be_found\"><\/span>3. What is Neuston, and where can it be found?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Neuston, also known as pleuston, refers to organisms living on the surface of oceans, lakes, rivers, or ponds. They can be found on both the upper and lower sides of the water&#8217;s surface, playing a vital role in the ecosystem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_What_is_Periphyton_and_what_role_does_it_play_in_aquatic_ecosystems\"><\/span>4. What is Periphyton, and what role does it play in aquatic ecosystems?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Periphyton is a mixture of algae, cyanobacteria, microorganisms, and detritus attached to submerged surfaces. It aids in removing contaminants and contributes to the overall health of aquaculture food production systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_What_is_Plankton_and_why_is_it_essential\"><\/span>5. What is Plankton, and why is it essential?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Plankton comprises organisms unable to swim against currents. Ranging from microscopic bacteria to large species like jellyfish, plankton serves as a crucial food source for larger aquatic species.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aquatic organisms are interconnected living entities that thrive in aquatic environments, encompassing oceans, rivers, and various water bodies.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":30646,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[276],"tags":[2306,177,232,213,140],"class_list":["post-30641","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecology-environment-general-studies","tag-aquatic-organisms","tag-general-studies-3","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30641"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30647,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30641\/revisions\/30647"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30641"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30641"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}