Mangroves, the resilient coastal ecosystems characterized by salt-tolerant trees and shrubs, face a myriad of threats that endanger their existence and the vital services they provide to both terrestrial and marine environments. These unique ecosystems, found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, act as natural buffers against coastal erosion, provide critical habitats for a diverse array of marine and terrestrial species, and serve as nurseries for fish and other aquatic organisms. However, despite their ecological significance, mangroves are increasingly under siege from a range of anthropogenic and natural pressures. Human activities such as deforestation, urban development, aquaculture expansion, and pollution, coupled with climate change-induced phenomena like sea-level rise and extreme weather events, pose significant threats to the health and sustainability of mangrove ecosystems. Understanding and addressing these threats are imperative to safeguarding the invaluable ecological, economic, and societal benefits that mangroves offer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mangrove Forests confront a multitude of threats that jeopardise their ecological integrity and overall health:<\/p>\n\n\n\n