{"id":30792,"date":"2024-02-29T07:42:15","date_gmt":"2024-02-29T07:42:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=30792"},"modified":"2024-02-29T07:42:17","modified_gmt":"2024-02-29T07:42:17","slug":"biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Biodiversity &#8211; Genetic, Species and Ecological &#8211; UPSC Environment Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Biodiversity is the collective term for all living organisms on Earth, encompassing the diversity within and among various ecosystems.\u00a0<\/li><li>It signifies the variability existing among species and within individual species, contributing to the richness of life in different environments.<\/li><li>The term &#8220;biodiversity&#8221; was introduced by Walter G. Rosen in 1986, encapsulating the intricate interplay of life forms in the biosphere.<\/li><li>Beyond its scientific definition, biodiversity holds immense ecological and economic importance.\u00a0<\/li><li>It serves as a source for nourishment, habitat, fuel, clothing, and various other essential resources.\u00a0<\/li><li>Additionally, biodiversity contributes to economic gains through activities like tourism.\u00a0<\/li><li>Thus, gaining a comprehensive understanding of biodiversity is crucial for fostering sustainability and ensuring the well-being of ecosystems and human livelihoods.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69ff4e7470f7f\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69ff4e7470f7f\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#IMPORTANCE_OF_BIODIVERSITY\" title=\"IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY\">IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#Ecological_Role_of_Biodiversity\" title=\"Ecological Role of Biodiversity:\">Ecological Role of Biodiversity:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#Economical_Role_of_Biodiversity\" title=\"Economical Role of Biodiversity:\">Economical Role of Biodiversity:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#Scientific_Role_of_Biodiversity\" title=\"Scientific Role of Biodiversity:\">Scientific Role of Biodiversity:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#Biodiversity_can_be_classified_into_three_primary_types\" title=\"Biodiversity can be classified into three primary types:\">Biodiversity can be classified into three primary types:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#GENETIC_DIVERSITY\" title=\"GENETIC DIVERSITY:\">GENETIC DIVERSITY:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#SPECIES_DIVERSITY\" title=\"SPECIES DIVERSITY:\">SPECIES DIVERSITY:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#ECOSYSTEM_DIVERSITY\" title=\"ECOSYSTEM&nbsp; DIVERSITY:\">ECOSYSTEM&nbsp; DIVERSITY:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#LOSS_OF_BIODIVERSITY\" title=\"LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY\">LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#Causes_of_Loss_of_Biodiversity\" title=\"Causes of Loss of Biodiversity:\">Causes of Loss of Biodiversity:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#FAQs_Biodiversity\" title=\"FAQs: Biodiversity\">FAQs: Biodiversity<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#1_What_is_Biodiversity\" title=\"1. What is Biodiversity?\">1. What is Biodiversity?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#2_Who_Coined_the_Term_%E2%80%9CBiodiversity%E2%80%9D\" title=\"2. Who Coined the Term &#8220;Biodiversity&#8221;?\">2. Who Coined the Term &#8220;Biodiversity&#8221;?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#3_Why_is_Biodiversity_Important\" title=\"3. Why is Biodiversity Important?\">3. Why is Biodiversity Important?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#4_What_is_the_Ecological_Role_of_Biodiversity\" title=\"4. What is the Ecological Role of Biodiversity?\">4. What is the Ecological Role of Biodiversity?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#5_How_Does_Biodiversity_Contribute_to_the_Economy\" title=\"5. How Does Biodiversity Contribute to the Economy?\">5. How Does Biodiversity Contribute to the Economy?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/biodiversity-genetic-species-and-ecological-upsc-environment-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IMPORTANCE_OF_BIODIVERSITY\"><\/span><strong>IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The significance of biodiversity is multi-faceted, encompassing ecological, economical, and scientific dimensions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ecological_Role_of_Biodiversity\"><\/span><strong>Ecological Role of Biodiversity:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Biodiversity is essential for maintaining the delicate balance of ecosystems.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It represents the variety of species in a specific region, with each species playing a vital role.&nbsp;<\/li><li>These roles include participation in the production and decomposition of organic matter, the regulation of atmospheric gases, and the control of water and nutrient cycles.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The greater the diversity, the more stable the ecosystem becomes.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Economical_Role_of_Biodiversity\"><\/span><strong>Economical Role of Biodiversity:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Biodiversity serves as a valuable source of energy and provides raw materials for various industrial products like oils, lubricants, perfumes, dyes, paper, waxes, and rubber.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Plant species, in particular, contribute significantly to medicinal resources, with over 70% of anti-cancer drugs derived from plants in tropical rainforests.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Scientific_Role_of_Biodiversity\"><\/span><strong>Scientific Role of Biodiversity:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Every species in an ecosystem contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of life on Earth.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Studying each species provides valuable evidence about the intricacies of life&#8217;s evolution and the crucial role each species plays in sustaining the ecosystem&#8217;s balance.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Biodiversity_can_be_classified_into_three_primary_types\"><\/span><strong>Biodiversity can be classified into three primary types:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Genetic Diversity (Variation within species)<\/li><li>Species Diversity (Variation among species)<\/li><li>Ecosystem Diversity (Variation among ecosystems)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GENETIC_DIVERSITY\"><\/span><strong>GENETIC DIVERSITY:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The genetic diversity of a species refers to the variations in the genetic makeup among individuals within that species.&nbsp;<\/li><li>This diversity is crucial as it contributes to the differences observed among individuals of the same species.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Individuals with close genetic relations share more genetic information and, consequently, exhibit greater similarity.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SPECIES_DIVERSITY\"><\/span><strong>SPECIES DIVERSITY:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Species diversity encompasses the variety of different species present in a specific region or habitat.&nbsp;<\/li><li>This diversity is observed in both natural ecosystems and agricultural settings.&nbsp;<\/li><li>For example, tropical North and South America boast over 85,000 flowering plant species, tropical and subtropical Asia has more than 50,000, tropical and subtropical Africa has around 35,000, and Europe has approximately 11,300 vascular plants. Additionally, certain environments, like salt flats or polluted streams, may have fewer species.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ECOSYSTEM_DIVERSITY\"><\/span><strong>ECOSYSTEM&nbsp; DIVERSITY:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ecosystem diversity involves the wide array of distinct ecosystems, each characterized by unique species and habitats.&nbsp;<\/li><li>This diversity exists within specific geographical regions, countries, or states.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Examples of ecosystems include forests, grasslands, deserts, and mountains. The variations in ecosystems contribute to the overall biodiversity of a particular area.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"LOSS_OF_BIODIVERSITY\"><\/span><strong>LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Loss of biodiversity refers to the reduction in the number of a specific species within a particular habitat, and it can result in the extinction of plant and animal species.<\/li><li>This loss may be either reversible or permanent.<\/li><li>Human activities constitute a primary cause of biodiversity loss, contributing to significant climate changes that pose a substantial threat to biodiversity.\u00a0<\/li><li>The growing demand for natural resources, coupled with an expanding population, has led to increased waste generation.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Causes_of_Loss_of_Biodiversity\"><\/span><strong>Causes of Loss of Biodiversity:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Habitat Destruction:<\/strong> The natural habitat of ecosystems is crucial for maintaining ecological balance. Human activities, such as deforestation for industrial, highway, and settlement construction, have resulted in the loss of habitats, making species vulnerable to predation and eventual extinction.<\/li><li><strong>Wildlife Hunting:<\/strong> The commercialization of wildlife products has driven the hunting of wild animals. For example, poaching, particularly for rhino horns, has caused significant harm to biodiversity, with instances of rhino killings reported in various regions.<\/li><li><strong>Exploitation of Medicinal Plants<\/strong>: The exploitation of medicinal plants for laboratory purposes has led to the extinction of these species. Additionally, animals are often sacrificed for scientific and medical research.<\/li><li><strong>Natural Calamities<\/strong>: Events like floods, earthquakes, and forest fires, classified as natural calamities, can result in the loss of biodiversity by disrupting ecosystems.<\/li><li><strong>Air Pollution<\/strong>: Deforestation and rapid tree cutting contribute to increased carbon dioxide levels, leading to climate change. Elevated land and ocean temperatures, caused by air pollution, negatively impact species and biodiversity.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_Biodiversity\"><\/span><strong>FAQs: Biodiversity<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_What_is_Biodiversity\"><\/span>1. What is Biodiversity?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Biodiversity is the collective term for all living organisms on Earth, encompassing the diversity within and among various ecosystems. It signifies the variability existing among species and within individual species, contributing to the richness of life in different environments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Who_Coined_the_Term_%E2%80%9CBiodiversity%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>2. Who Coined the Term &#8220;Biodiversity&#8221;?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The term &#8220;biodiversity&#8221; was introduced by Walter G. Rosen in 1986, encapsulating the intricate interplay of life forms in the biosphere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Why_is_Biodiversity_Important\"><\/span>3. Why is Biodiversity Important?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Beyond its scientific definition, biodiversity holds immense ecological and economic importance. It serves as a source for nourishment, habitat, fuel, clothing, and various other essential resources. Additionally, biodiversity contributes to economic gains through activities like tourism. Thus, gaining a comprehensive understanding of biodiversity is crucial for fostering sustainability and ensuring the well-being of ecosystems and human livelihoods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_What_is_the_Ecological_Role_of_Biodiversity\"><\/span>4. What is the Ecological Role of Biodiversity?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Biodiversity is essential for maintaining the delicate balance of ecosystems. It represents the variety of species in a specific region, with each species playing a vital role. These roles include participation in the production and decomposition of organic matter, the regulation of atmospheric gases, and the control of water and nutrient cycles. The greater the diversity, the more stable the ecosystem becomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_How_Does_Biodiversity_Contribute_to_the_Economy\"><\/span>5. How Does Biodiversity Contribute to the Economy?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Biodiversity serves as a valuable source of energy and provides raw materials for various industrial products like oils, lubricants, perfumes, dyes, paper, waxes, and rubber. Plant species, in particular, contribute significantly to medicinal resources, with over 70% of anti-cancer drugs derived from plants in tropical rainforests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. 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Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biodiversity is the collective term for all living organisms on Earth, encompassing the diversity within and among various ecosystems.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":30793,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[276],"tags":[753,177,232,213,140],"class_list":["post-30792","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecology-environment-general-studies","tag-biodiversity","tag-general-studies-3","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30792","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30792"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30792\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30794,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30792\/revisions\/30794"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30793"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30792"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30792"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30792"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}