{"id":31300,"date":"2024-03-02T06:49:08","date_gmt":"2024-03-02T06:49:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=31300"},"modified":"2024-03-02T06:49:11","modified_gmt":"2024-03-02T06:49:11","slug":"eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) &#8211; UPSC Environment Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The National Wildlife Action Plan (2002-2016) issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change <strong>(MoEFCC) <\/strong>mandated that state governments designate land within a 10 km radius of the boundaries of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries as eco-fragile zones or Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) under the <strong>Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li><li>While the 10-km guideline serves as a general principle, the application of this rule may vary.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Additionally, areas exceeding the 10 km limit can be officially designated as ESZs by the Union government, especially if they encompass larger ecologically significant &#8220;sensitive corridors.&#8221;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/4BxETYHFLoTuX8khFT2b0DyTEg9vjBeaCBt7P7_XdhKdz7W9hyhM_yEKXYD7hQfcwMtxMv0jQwPIB9HqMBau4EriN3PN6G6j7Ejv_wb1FCGQF_r7ucaRJpG0wReySsuSg7jHTCn_5jGZJ4uyo_XjLcQ\" alt=\"ESZ\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption>ESZ<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e010b08f311\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e010b08f311\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#ACTIVITIES_AROUND_ESZ\" title=\"ACTIVITIES AROUND ESZ\">ACTIVITIES AROUND ESZ<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#SIGNIFICANCE_OF_ESZ\" title=\"SIGNIFICANCE OF ESZ\">SIGNIFICANCE OF ESZ<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#CHALLENGES_ASSOCIATED_WITH_ESZ\" title=\"CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH ESZ\">CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH ESZ<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#Climate_Change_Impact\" title=\"Climate Change Impact:\">Climate Change Impact:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#Encroachment_on_Forest_Rights\" title=\"Encroachment on Forest Rights:\">Encroachment on Forest Rights:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#Recognition_of_Forest_Rights_and_Gram_Sabha_Consent\" title=\"Recognition of Forest Rights and Gram Sabha Consent:\">Recognition of Forest Rights and Gram Sabha Consent:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#FAQs_%E2%80%93_Eco-Sensitive_Zones_ESZs\" title=\"FAQs &#8211; Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs)\">FAQs &#8211; Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#1_What_is_the_mandate_for_designating_Eco-Sensitive_Zones_ESZs_in_India\" title=\"1. What is the mandate for designating Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) in India?\">1. What is the mandate for designating Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) in India?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#2_Does_the_10_km_guideline_for_ESZs_have_variations_in_its_application\" title=\"2. Does the 10 km guideline for ESZs have variations in its application?\">2. Does the 10 km guideline for ESZs have variations in its application?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#3_What_are_the_prohibited_activities_within_Eco-Sensitive_Zones\" title=\"3. What are the prohibited activities within Eco-Sensitive Zones?\">3. What are the prohibited activities within Eco-Sensitive Zones?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#4_What_activities_are_regulated_within_ESZs\" title=\"4. What activities are regulated within ESZs?\">4. What activities are regulated within ESZs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#5_What_activities_are_permitted_within_Eco-Sensitive_Zones\" title=\"5. What activities are permitted within Eco-Sensitive Zones?\">5. What activities are permitted within Eco-Sensitive Zones?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/eco-sensitive-zones-eszs-upsc-environment-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ACTIVITIES_AROUND_ESZ\"><\/span><strong>ACTIVITIES AROUND ESZ<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Prohibited Activities<\/strong>: Activities such as commercial mining, operation of sawmills, industries causing pollution (air, water, soil, noise, etc.), establishment of major hydroelectric projects (HEP), and commercial use of wood are strictly prohibited.<\/li><li><strong>Regulated Activities:<\/strong> Certain activities, including the felling of trees, establishment of hotels and resorts, commercial use of natural water, erection of electrical cables, and drastic changes in agriculture systems (e.g., adoption of heavy technology, pesticides, etc.), are subject to regulations.<\/li><li><strong>Permitted Activities:<\/strong> Ongoing agricultural or horticultural practices, rainwater harvesting, organic farming, use of renewable energy sources, and the adoption of green technology for all activities are permitted within Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SIGNIFICANCE_OF_ESZ\"><\/span><strong>SIGNIFICANCE OF ESZ<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Minimizing the Impact of Development Activities:<\/strong><ul><li>Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) play a crucial role in minimizing the impact of urbanization and other developmental activities, particularly in areas adjacent to protected areas.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>In-situ Conservation:<\/strong><ul><li>ESZs contribute to in-situ conservation, focusing on preserving endangered species in their natural habitats. An example is the conservation of the One-horned Rhino in Kaziranga National Park, Assam.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Reducing Forest Depletion and Man-Animal Conflict:<\/strong><ul><li>By minimizing forest depletion and mitigating man-animal conflicts, ESZs contribute to the sustainable management of protected areas. The core and buffer model of management protects and benefits local communities.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Preserving Fragile Ecosystems:<\/strong><ul><li>Eco-Sensitive Zones are designated to minimize the negative impact on fragile ecosystems. They act as a protective buffer, serving as a &#8216;Shock Absorber&#8217; for the adjoining protected areas.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Transition Zones for Varied Protection Levels:<\/strong><ul><li>ESZs act as transition zones, providing a gradual shift from areas with high protection to those with lesser protection. This ensures a balanced approach to conservation across different zones.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CHALLENGES_ASSOCIATED_WITH_ESZ\"><\/span><strong>CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH ESZ<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Climate_Change_Impact\"><\/span><strong>Climate Change Impact:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Climate change poses significant challenges to Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs), leading to increased stress on land, water, and ecological systems.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Instances such as frequent forest fires and the Assam floods adversely affect protected areas like Kaziranga National Park and its wildlife.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Encroachment_on_Forest_Rights\"><\/span><strong>Encroachment on Forest Rights:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The implementation of The Environmental Protection Act, 1986, and the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, can sometimes lead authorities to overlook the rights of forest communities, impacting their lives and livelihoods.&nbsp;<\/li><li>This challenge includes the potential dilution of rights granted to gram sabhas for developmental clearances.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Recognition_of_Forest_Rights_and_Gram_Sabha_Consent\"><\/span><strong>Recognition of Forest Rights and Gram Sabha Consent:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The recognition of forest rights and the requirement for gram sabha&#8217;s consent were prerequisites for evaluating proposals under The Forest Rights Act, 2006, to divert forest land for non-forestry purposes.&nbsp;<\/li><li>However, these conditions were done away with by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) in 2022, raising concerns about the protection of community rights.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_%E2%80%93_Eco-Sensitive_Zones_ESZs\"><\/span><strong>FAQs &#8211; Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_What_is_the_mandate_for_designating_Eco-Sensitive_Zones_ESZs_in_India\"><\/span>1. What is the mandate for designating Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) in India?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The National Wildlife Action Plan (2002-2016) issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) mandates state governments to declare areas within a 10 km radius of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries as Eco-Sensitive Zones under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Does_the_10_km_guideline_for_ESZs_have_variations_in_its_application\"><\/span>2. Does the 10 km guideline for ESZs have variations in its application?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Yes, while the 10 km guideline serves as a general principle, the application of this rule may vary. Additionally, areas beyond the 10 km limit can be designated as ESZs by the Union government, especially if they encompass larger ecologically significant &#8220;sensitive corridors.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_What_are_the_prohibited_activities_within_Eco-Sensitive_Zones\"><\/span>3. What are the prohibited activities within Eco-Sensitive Zones?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Prohibited activities include commercial mining, operation of sawmills, industries causing pollution (air, water, soil, noise, etc.), establishment of major hydroelectric projects (HEP), and commercial use of wood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_What_activities_are_regulated_within_ESZs\"><\/span>4. What activities are regulated within ESZs?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Regulated activities within ESZs include the felling of trees, establishment of hotels and resorts, commercial use of natural water, erection of electrical cables, and drastic changes in agriculture systems (e.g., adoption of heavy technology, pesticides, etc.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_What_activities_are_permitted_within_Eco-Sensitive_Zones\"><\/span>5. What activities are permitted within Eco-Sensitive Zones?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Permitted activities include ongoing agricultural or horticultural practices, rainwater harvesting, organic farming, use of renewable energy sources, and the adoption of green technology for all activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. 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Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>the boundaries of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries as eco-fragile zones or Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":31305,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[276],"tags":[2351,177,232,213,140],"class_list":["post-31300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecology-environment-general-studies","tag-eco-sensitive-zones","tag-general-studies-3","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31300","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31300"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31300\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31306,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31300\/revisions\/31306"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31305"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31300"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31300"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31300"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}