{"id":31341,"date":"2024-03-02T07:27:26","date_gmt":"2024-03-02T07:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=31341"},"modified":"2024-03-02T07:27:28","modified_gmt":"2024-03-02T07:27:28","slug":"national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"National Initiatives for Biodiversity Conservation &#8211; UPSC Environment Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Biodiversity conservation involves the protection of the variety of species and organisms essential to nature.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The primary objectives of biodiversity conservation encompass preserving species diversity, ensuring the sustainable utilization of ecosystems, and promoting the sustainable use of individual species.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Additionally, the conservation of biological diversity plays a crucial role in preserving the integrity of food chains and essential ecological richness.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Biodiversity conservation occurs through two modes: in-situ and ex-situ conservation.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a51cba3b3f38\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a51cba3b3f38\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#STEPS_TAKEN_BY_THE_GOVERNMENT_OF_INDIA_FOR_BIODIVERSITY_CONSERVATION\" >STEPS TAKEN BY THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA FOR BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#Project_Tiger\" >Project Tiger<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#Project_Elephant\" >Project Elephant<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#Asiatic_Lion_Reintroduction_Project\" >Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#Several_key_policies_related_to_the_environment_and_biodiversity_have_been_formulated_in_India_including\" >Several key policies related to the environment and biodiversity have been formulated in India, including:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#FAQs_%E2%80%93_National_Initiatives_for_Biodiversity_Conservation\" >FAQs &#8211; National Initiatives for Biodiversity Conservation:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#1-What_does_biodiversity_conservation_entail\" >1-What does biodiversity conservation entail?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#2-What_are_the_primary_objectives_of_biodiversity_conservation\" >2-What are the primary objectives of biodiversity conservation?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#3-How_does_biodiversity_conservation_impact_food_chains_and_ecological_richness\" >3-How does biodiversity conservation impact food chains and ecological richness?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#4-What_are_the_two_modes_of_biodiversity_conservation\" >4-What are the two modes of biodiversity conservation?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#5-When_was_the_Wild_Life_Protection_Act_enacted_and_what_is_its_significance\" >5-When was the Wild Life (Protection) Act enacted, and what is its significance?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" >In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-initiatives-for-biodiversity-conservation-upsc-environment-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" >Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"STEPS_TAKEN_BY_THE_GOVERNMENT_OF_INDIA_FOR_BIODIVERSITY_CONSERVATION\"><\/span><strong>STEPS TAKEN BY THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA FOR BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Indian government has implemented several measures for the protection of biodiversity, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Enactment of the Wild Life (Protection) Act in 1972, which facilitates the creation of Protected Areas for wildlife conservation and imposes penalties for hunting specified fauna.<\/li><li>Formulation of the Wetland (Conservation and Management) Rules 2010 to safeguard wetlands in the states.<\/li><li>Implementation of the Centrally Sponsored Scheme of the National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Eco-System, providing assistance to states for managing wetlands, including Ramsar sites.<\/li><li>Establishment of the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau to control illegal trade in wildlife, including endangered species.<\/li><li>Undertaking research on wildlife conservation by organizations like the Wildlife Institute of India, the Bombay Natural History Society, and the Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History.<\/li><li>Ban on the veterinary use of the diclofenac drug, which has led to the decline of Gyps vultures, and initiation of Conservation Breeding Programmes at Pinjore, Buxa, and Rani.<\/li><li>Modification of the Centrally Sponsored Scheme &#8216;Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats&#8217; to include a component for the recovery of endangered species, with 16 identified species.<\/li><li>Creation of Protected Areas such as National Parks, Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves, and Community Reserves across the country to provide better protection to wildlife and their habitats.<\/li><li>Extension of financial and technical assistance to state governments under various Centrally Sponsored Schemes, including &#8216;Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats,&#8217; &#8216;Project Tiger,&#8217; and &#8216;Project Elephant.&#8217;<\/li><li>Empowerment of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) under the Wild Life (Protection) Act to apprehend and prosecute wildlife offenders.<\/li><li>Requesting state governments to strengthen field formations and intensify patrolling in and around Protected Areas.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Project_Tiger\"><\/span><strong>Project Tiger<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Project Tiger, initiated in 1973, was established to safeguard the national symbol, the tiger.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Starting with 9 tiger reserves, it now covers 50 protected areas across 18 states, actively preserving the tiger population.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The reserves employ a core\/buffer strategy, designating core areas as national parks or sanctuaries and buffer zones as mixed-use regions.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The Ministry of Environment, Forests, and Climate Change sponsors this ongoing program, providing central support to states for tiger protection.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Project_Elephant\"><\/span><strong>Project Elephant<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Launched in February 1992, Project Elephant, supported by the Central Government, assists states with free-roaming wild elephant populations.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The program focuses on elephant management, protection, and preserving migration routes and habitats.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Implemented in 28 states and union territories, including Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and others, Project Elephant receives technical and financial support from the union government.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Asiatic_Lion_Reintroduction_Project\"><\/span><strong>Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project, responding to the endangered status of Asiatic lions on the IUCN Red List, aims to reintroduce them into the wild.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Also known as the &#8220;lion project,&#8221; it seeks to mitigate risks to the existing population by diversifying their habitats.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Currently confined to Gujarat&#8217;s Gir National Park, Asiatic lions face vulnerabilities such as floods and diseases.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The project addresses the threat of extinction by reintroducing lions to other suitable habitats, ensuring their long-term survival and reducing environmental risks.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Several_key_policies_related_to_the_environment_and_biodiversity_have_been_formulated_in_India_including\"><\/span><strong>Several key policies related to the environment and biodiversity have been formulated in India, including:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1-National Forest Policy:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A policy outlining the strategic framework for the conservation, management, and sustainable development of forests in the country.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2-National Conservation Strategy and Policy Statement on Environment and Development:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A comprehensive strategy and policy statement addressing the intertwined issues of environmental conservation and sustainable development.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3-National Policy and Macro-level Action Strategy on Biodiversity:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A policy framework designed to address the conservation and sustainable utilization of biodiversity, considering its ecological, economic, and cultural significance.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4-National Biodiversity Action Plan (2009):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A plan outlining specific actions and measures to be taken for the conservation of biodiversity, aligned with international commitments such as the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5-National Agriculture Policy:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A policy framework focusing on sustainable and inclusive agricultural practices, addressing issues related to crop diversity, soil health, and ecological sustainability.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6-National Water Policy:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A policy outlining the strategic approach to water resource management, emphasizing sustainable and equitable use, conservation, and efficient water governance.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7-National Environment Policy (2006):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A comprehensive policy addressing various environmental issues, including pollution control, natural resource conservation, and sustainable development practices.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_%E2%80%93_National_Initiatives_for_Biodiversity_Conservation\"><\/span><strong>FAQs &#8211; National Initiatives for Biodiversity Conservation:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-What_does_biodiversity_conservation_entail\"><\/span>1-What does biodiversity conservation entail?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Biodiversity conservation involves safeguarding the variety of species and organisms crucial to nature, contributing to the preservation of ecosystems and ecological richness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-What_are_the_primary_objectives_of_biodiversity_conservation\"><\/span>2-What are the primary objectives of biodiversity conservation?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The main objectives include preserving species diversity, ensuring sustainable ecosystem utilization, and promoting the sustainable use of individual species.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-How_does_biodiversity_conservation_impact_food_chains_and_ecological_richness\"><\/span>3-How does biodiversity conservation impact food chains and ecological richness?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Conservation plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of food chains and ensuring essential ecological richness in natural environments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-What_are_the_two_modes_of_biodiversity_conservation\"><\/span>4-What are the two modes of biodiversity conservation?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Biodiversity conservation occurs through two modes: in-situ (on-site) conservation and ex-situ (off-site) conservation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5-When_was_the_Wild_Life_Protection_Act_enacted_and_what_is_its_significance\"><\/span>5-When was the Wild Life (Protection) Act enacted, and what is its significance?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Enacted in 1972, the Wild Life (Protection) Act facilitates the creation of Protected Areas and imposes penalties for hunting specified fauna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. 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