{"id":31606,"date":"2024-03-02T16:45:21","date_gmt":"2024-03-02T16:45:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=31606"},"modified":"2024-03-02T16:45:23","modified_gmt":"2024-03-02T16:45:23","slug":"conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Conservation of Great One-Horned Rhinos &#8211; World Rhino Species &#8211; UPSC Environment Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<p><strong>There are five species of rhinos, comprising white and black rhinos in Africa, as well as greater one-horned, Javan, and Sumatran rhinos in Asia.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d769ee02651\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d769ee02651\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#IUCN_RED_LIST_STATUS\" title=\"IUCN RED LIST STATUS\">IUCN RED LIST STATUS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#HABITAT\" title=\"HABITAT\">HABITAT<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#PROTECTION_STATUS\" title=\"PROTECTION STATUS:\">PROTECTION STATUS:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#CHALLENGES_AND_THREAT\" title=\"CHALLENGES AND THREAT\">CHALLENGES AND THREAT<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#CONSERVATION_EFFORTS_THAT_HAVE_BEEN_MADE\" title=\"CONSERVATION EFFORTS THAT HAVE BEEN MADE\">CONSERVATION EFFORTS THAT HAVE BEEN MADE<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#FAQs_about_Rhinos_Conservation_Species_and_Challenges\" title=\"FAQs about Rhinos: Conservation, Species, and Challenges\">FAQs about Rhinos: Conservation, Species, and Challenges<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#Q1_How_many_species_of_rhinos_are_there_and_where_are_they_found\" title=\"Q1: How many species of rhinos are there, and where are they found?\">Q1: How many species of rhinos are there, and where are they found?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#Q2_What_is_the_conservation_status_of_each_rhino_species_according_to_the_IUCN_Red_List\" title=\"Q2: What is the conservation status of each rhino species according to the IUCN Red List?\">Q2: What is the conservation status of each rhino species according to the IUCN Red List?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#Q3_What_is_the_distinctive_feature_of_the_Great_One-Horned_Rhino_found_in_India\" title=\"Q3: What is the distinctive feature of the Great One-Horned Rhino found in India?\">Q3: What is the distinctive feature of the Great One-Horned Rhino found in India?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#Q4_Where_is_the_habitat_of_the_Great_One-Horned_Rhino_and_what_are_the_notable_habitats_in_India\" title=\"Q4: Where is the habitat of the Great One-Horned Rhino, and what are the notable habitats in India?\">Q4: Where is the habitat of the Great One-Horned Rhino, and what are the notable habitats in India?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#Q5_What_is_the_protection_status_of_rhinos_according_to_international_conventions_and_Indian_law\" title=\"Q5: What is the protection status of rhinos according to international conventions and Indian law?\">Q5: What is the protection status of rhinos according to international conventions and Indian law?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/conservation-of-great-one-horned-rhinos-world-rhino-species-upsc-environment-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IUCN_RED_LIST_STATUS\"><\/span><strong>IUCN RED LIST STATUS<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The black rhino is critically endangered, with the African species being the smaller of the two.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The white rhino is categorized as Near Threatened. Researchers utilized In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) to generate an embryo of a northern white rhino.<\/li><li>The one-horned rhino is considered Vulnerable.<\/li><li>The Javan rhino is critically endangered.<\/li><li>The Sumatran rhino is also critically endangered and has become extinct in Malaysia.<\/li><li>In India, the Great One-Horned Rhino is the sole species found. It is the largest among the rhino species and is commonly known as the Indian rhino. Identified by a single black horn and a grey-brown hide with skin folds, these rhinos are primarily grazers. Their diet includes grasses, leaves, shrub and tree branches, fruit, and aquatic plants.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HABITAT\"><\/span><strong>HABITAT<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Great One-Horned Rhino is confined to a small habitat area in the Indo-Nepal terai, as well as northern West Bengal and Assam.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Rhinos are mostly found in Assam, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh in India.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Notable habitats include the Pabitora Wildlife Reserve, Kaziranga National Park, Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park, and Manas National Park in Assam, housing an estimated 2,640 rhinos. Kaziranga National Park and Tiger Reserve alone provide habitat for approximately 2,400 of them.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PROTECTION_STATUS\"><\/span><strong>PROTECTION STATUS:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>IUCN Red List: Vulnerable<\/li><li>CITES Appendix I: Threatened with extinction, and international trade in specimens of these species is prohibited, except for non-commercial purposes like scientific research.<\/li><li>Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CHALLENGES_AND_THREAT\"><\/span><strong>CHALLENGES AND THREAT<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Poaching:<\/strong><ul><li>The illegal hunting of wildlife, especially for valuable body parts like horns, tusks, or fur, poses a significant threat to many species. Poaching can lead to population declines and disrupt ecosystems.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Loss of Habitat:<\/strong><ul><li>Human activities, urbanization, and deforestation contribute to the loss and fragmentation of natural habitats. This habitat loss can lead to displacement, stress, and difficulties in finding resources for many species.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Population Density:<\/strong><ul><li>High population density, especially in urban areas, can result in increased human-wildlife conflicts. Animals may venture into human settlements in search of food, leading to confrontations and sometimes lethal outcomes for both humans and animals.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Genetic Diversity Decline:<\/strong><ul><li>Genetic diversity is crucial for the adaptability and long-term survival of species. Reduced genetic diversity can result from factors like habitat fragmentation and small population sizes, making species more vulnerable to diseases and environmental changes.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CONSERVATION_EFFORTS_THAT_HAVE_BEEN_MADE\"><\/span><strong>CONSERVATION EFFORTS THAT HAVE BEEN MADE<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The <strong>five rhino range countries<\/strong>, namely<strong> India, Bhutan, Nepal, Indonesia, and Malaysia<\/strong>, joined forces by signing the<strong> &#8216;New Delhi Declaration on Asian Rhinos 2019,&#8217; <\/strong>demonstrating their commitment to the conservation and protection of this endangered species.<\/li><li>In a recent development, the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has initiated a groundbreaking project focused on <strong>creating DNA profiles for all rhinos in the country.<\/strong> This innovative approach aims to enhance conservation efforts and better understand the genetic diversity of rhino populations.<\/li><li>In 2019, a significant step was taken with the launch of the <strong>National Rhino Conservation Strategy<\/strong>, emphasizing the preservation of the greater one-horned rhinoceros. This strategy outlines comprehensive measures and actions to safeguard the species and its habitats.<\/li><li>Furthermore,<strong> the Indian Rhino Vision 2020 initiative, launched in 2005, <\/strong>set an ambitious goal of establishing a thriving population of at least 3,000 greater one-horned rhinos across seven protected areas in the Indian state of Assam by the year 2020. This initiative represents a concerted effort to secure the future of the species and ensure its sustained presence in the wild.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_about_Rhinos_Conservation_Species_and_Challenges\"><\/span><strong>FAQs about Rhinos: Conservation, Species, and Challenges<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_How_many_species_of_rhinos_are_there_and_where_are_they_found\"><\/span>Q1: How many species of rhinos are there, and where are they found?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>There are five species of rhinos: white and black rhinos in Africa, and greater one-horned, Javan, and Sumatran rhinos in Asia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q2_What_is_the_conservation_status_of_each_rhino_species_according_to_the_IUCN_Red_List\"><\/span>Q2: What is the conservation status of each rhino species according to the IUCN Red List?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The black rhino is critically endangered, the white rhino is near-threatened, the one-horned rhino is vulnerable, the Javan rhino is critically endangered, and the Sumatran rhino is critically endangered and extinct in Malaysia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q3_What_is_the_distinctive_feature_of_the_Great_One-Horned_Rhino_found_in_India\"><\/span>Q3: What is the distinctive feature of the Great One-Horned Rhino found in India?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Great One-Horned Rhino, also known as the Indian rhino, is recognized by its single black horn and grey-brown hide with skin folds. It is the largest among the rhino species.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q4_Where_is_the_habitat_of_the_Great_One-Horned_Rhino_and_what_are_the_notable_habitats_in_India\"><\/span>Q4: Where is the habitat of the Great One-Horned Rhino, and what are the notable habitats in India?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Great One-Horned Rhino is confined to a small habitat area in the Indo-Nepal terai, northern West Bengal, and Assam. Notable habitats in India include the Pabitora Wildlife Reserve, Kaziranga National Park, Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park, and Manas National Park in Assam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q5_What_is_the_protection_status_of_rhinos_according_to_international_conventions_and_Indian_law\"><\/span>Q5: What is the protection status of rhinos according to international conventions and Indian law?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rhinos are categorized as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, listed under CITES Appendix I (prohibiting international trade), and are in Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. 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Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There are five species of rhinos, comprising white and black rhinos in Africa, as well as greater one-horned, Javan, and Sumatran rhinos in Asia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":31607,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[276],"tags":[177,2390,232,213,140],"class_list":["post-31606","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecology-environment-general-studies","tag-general-studies-3","tag-rhinos-2","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31606","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31606"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31606\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31608,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31606\/revisions\/31608"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31607"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31606"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31606"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31606"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}