{"id":31990,"date":"2024-03-04T11:09:20","date_gmt":"2024-03-04T11:09:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=31990"},"modified":"2024-03-04T11:09:23","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T11:09:23","slug":"measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Measures to Control Vehicular Pollution in India &#8211; UPSC Environment Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<p>In India, the alarming levels of vehicular pollution have become a pressing concern, posing significant threats to public health and the environment. To address this critical issue, various measures have been implemented to control and mitigate the adverse effects of vehicular emissions. Recognizing the urgent need for action, both governmental and non-governmental initiatives have been undertaken to curb pollution levels and promote sustainable transportation practices. From the enforcement of stringent emission norms to the promotion of alternative fuels and the adoption of eco-friendly technologies, a multifaceted approach is being employed to combat vehicular pollution across the country. These measures aim not only to reduce harmful emissions but also to foster a cleaner and healthier environment for current and future generations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d60bdb27718\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d60bdb27718\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#VEHICULAR_EMISSION_IN_INDIA\" title=\"VEHICULAR EMISSION IN INDIA\">VEHICULAR EMISSION IN INDIA<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#VEHICULAR_EMISSION_IN_THE_WORLD\" title=\"VEHICULAR EMISSION IN THE WORLD\">VEHICULAR EMISSION IN THE WORLD<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#ISSUES_IN_INDIAS_METHOD_OF_REDUCING_EMISSION\" title=\"ISSUES IN INDIA\u2019S METHOD OF REDUCING EMISSION\">ISSUES IN INDIA\u2019S METHOD OF REDUCING EMISSION<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#TESTING_METHODS_FORMULATED_IN_INDIA\" title=\"TESTING METHODS FORMULATED IN INDIA\">TESTING METHODS FORMULATED IN INDIA<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#INITIATIVES_TO_REDUCE_EMISSIONS_IN_INDIA\" title=\"INITIATIVES TO REDUCE EMISSIONS IN INDIA\">INITIATIVES TO REDUCE EMISSIONS IN INDIA<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#Transition_from_Bharat_Stage-IV_BS-IV_to_Bharat_Stage-VI_BS-VI_Emission_Norms\" title=\"Transition from Bharat Stage-IV (BS-IV) to Bharat Stage-VI (BS-VI) Emission Norms:\">Transition from Bharat Stage-IV (BS-IV) to Bharat Stage-VI (BS-VI) Emission Norms:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#Roadmap_for_Ethanol_Blending_in_India_by_2025\" title=\"Roadmap for Ethanol Blending in India by 2025:\">Roadmap for Ethanol Blending in India by 2025:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#Faster_Adoption_and_Manufacturing_of_Hybrid_and_Electric_Vehicle_FAME_Scheme\" title=\"Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicle (FAME) Scheme:\">Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicle (FAME) Scheme:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#National_Hydrogen_Energy_Mission\" title=\"National Hydrogen Energy Mission:\">National Hydrogen Energy Mission:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#FAQs_MEASURES_TO_CONTROL_VEHICULAR_POLLUTION_IN_INDIA\" title=\"FAQs MEASURES TO CONTROL VEHICULAR POLLUTION IN INDIA\">FAQs MEASURES TO CONTROL VEHICULAR POLLUTION IN INDIA<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#1-What_is_the_contribution_of_vehicle_emissions_to_air_pollution_in_India\" title=\"1-What is the contribution of vehicle emissions to air pollution in India?\">1-What is the contribution of vehicle emissions to air pollution in India?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#2-What_does_PM25_refer_to_and_why_is_it_significant\" title=\"2-What does PM2.5 refer to, and why is it significant?\">2-What does PM2.5 refer to, and why is it significant?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#3-How_much_PM25_do_vehicles_contribute_annually_in_India\" title=\"3-How much PM2.5 do vehicles contribute annually in India?\">3-How much PM2.5 do vehicles contribute annually in India?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#4-What_is_the_percentage_of_Greenhouse_Gas_GHG_emissions_from_the_transport_sector_in_India\" title=\"4-What is the percentage of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from the transport sector in India?\">4-What is the percentage of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from the transport sector in India?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#5-What_percentage_of_total_emissions_is_attributed_to_the_transport_sector_globally\" title=\"5-What percentage of total emissions is attributed to the transport sector globally?\">5-What percentage of total emissions is attributed to the transport sector globally?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#6-How_much_of_the_global_CO2_emissions_does_road_transport_contribute\" title=\"6-How much of the global CO2 emissions does road transport contribute?\">6-How much of the global CO2 emissions does road transport contribute?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#7-Which_vehicle_segment_contributes_the_most_to_CO2_emissions_in_road_transport_globally\" title=\"7-Which vehicle segment contributes the most to CO2 emissions in road transport globally?\">7-Which vehicle segment contributes the most to CO2 emissions in road transport globally?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/measures-to-control-vehicular-pollution-in-india-upsc-environment-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VEHICULAR_EMISSION_IN_INDIA\"><\/span><strong>VEHICULAR EMISSION IN INDIA<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Vehicle emissions significantly contribute to air pollution in urban areas.\u00a0<\/li><li>Typically, these emissions account for 20-30% of Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 at the breathable air quality level.\u00a0<\/li><li>PM2.5 refers to particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers, more than 100 times thinner than human hair, and they remain suspended for extended periods.\u00a0<\/li><li>Studies indicate that vehicles contribute approximately 290 gigagrams (Gg) of PM2.5 annually.\u00a0<\/li><li>Simultaneously, the transport sector is responsible for around 8% of total Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions in India, with Delhi experiencing an even higher percentage, exceeding 30%.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VEHICULAR_EMISSION_IN_THE_WORLD\"><\/span><strong>VEHICULAR EMISSION IN THE WORLD<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A quarter of total emissions is attributed to the transport sector, with road transport contributing three-quarters of these emissions and making up 15% of total global CO2 emissions.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Among road transport, passenger vehicles represent the largest segment, releasing approximately 45% of CO2 emissions.&nbsp;<\/li><li>If current conditions persist, it is projected that annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2050 will be 90% higher than those recorded in 2020.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ISSUES_IN_INDIAS_METHOD_OF_REDUCING_EMISSION\"><\/span><strong>ISSUES IN INDIA\u2019S<\/strong> METHOD OF<strong> REDUCING EMISSION<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In India, the automotive industry is undergoing rapid technological advancements, marked by improvements in fuel quality, enhancements in exhaust treatment systems for Internal Combustion Engines (ICE), a shift towards electrification in certain vehicle segments, and endeavors in the development of hydrogen-powered vehicles.\u00a0<\/li><li>However, it is anticipated that both current and upcoming generations of ICE vehicles will continue to constitute a significant portion of the on-road fleet until at least 2040, if not longer.<\/li><li>Addressing this scenario necessitates not only a substantial tightening of emissions standards but also the adjustment of technical parameters for vehicle testing to effectively reduce emissions in real-world conditions.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TESTING_METHODS_FORMULATED_IN_INDIA\"><\/span><strong>TESTING METHODS FORMULATED IN INDIA<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Indian Drive Cycle (IDC) was initially introduced as the first driving cycle for vehicle testing and certification in India, based on extensive road tests.\u00a0<\/li><li>This cycle comprised six modes, each lasting 108 seconds, simulating a pattern of acceleration, deceleration, and idling.\u00a0<\/li><li>However, the IDC fell short of encompassing all the intricate driving conditions typically encountered on Indian roads.<\/li><li>To address these limitations, the Modified Indian Drive Cycle (MIDC) was introduced as an enhancement over the IDC.\u00a0<\/li><li>The MIDC aligns with the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and incorporates broader speed profiles, making it a more suitable cycle than the IDC.\u00a0<\/li><li>Furthermore, MIDC closely reflects idling conditions observed in real-world driving scenarios.<\/li><li>Despite these improvements, MIDC may not fully represent vehicular emissions during on-road conditions due to variations in traffic density, land-use patterns, road infrastructure, and inadequate traffic management.\u00a0<\/li><li>Therefore, there is a growing need to adopt the Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedures (WLTP). WLTP is a globally harmonized standard designed to determine pollutant levels from Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and hybrid cars.\u00a0<\/li><li>This standardized approach aims to provide a more accurate representation of emissions under diverse real-world driving conditions.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"INITIATIVES_TO_REDUCE_EMISSIONS_IN_INDIA\"><\/span>INITIATIVES TO REDUCE EMISSIONS IN INDIA<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Transition_from_Bharat_Stage-IV_BS-IV_to_Bharat_Stage-VI_BS-VI_Emission_Norms\"><\/span><strong>Transition from Bharat Stage-IV (BS-IV) to Bharat Stage-VI (BS-VI) Emission Norms:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bharat Stage (BS) emission standards are established by the government to control the emission of air pollutants from internal combustion and spark-ignition engine equipment, including motor vehicles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As per government directives, vehicle manufacturers are required to produce, sell, and register only BS-VI (BS6) vehicles starting from April 1, 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Roadmap_for_Ethanol_Blending_in_India_by_2025\"><\/span><strong>Roadmap for Ethanol Blending in India by 2025:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The roadmap outlines a phased introduction of ethanol-blended fuel to achieve E10 fuel supply by April 2022. Subsequently, there is a planned rollout of E20 from April 2023 to April 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Faster_Adoption_and_Manufacturing_of_Hybrid_and_Electric_Vehicle_FAME_Scheme\"><\/span><strong>Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicle (FAME) Scheme:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The FAME India Scheme is designed to incentivize various vehicle segments. The scheme consists of two phases:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Phase I: Commenced in 2015 and concluded on March 31, 2019.<\/li><li>Phase II: Initiated in April 2019 and is scheduled for completion by March 31, 2024.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"National_Hydrogen_Energy_Mission\"><\/span><strong>National Hydrogen Energy Mission:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>This mission aims to reduce carbon emissions and promote the use of renewable energy sources. It aligns India&#8217;s initiatives with global best practices in technology, policy, and regulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_MEASURES_TO_CONTROL_VEHICULAR_POLLUTION_IN_INDIA\"><\/span><strong>FAQs MEASURES TO CONTROL VEHICULAR POLLUTION IN INDIA<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-What_is_the_contribution_of_vehicle_emissions_to_air_pollution_in_India\"><\/span>1-What is the contribution of vehicle emissions to air pollution in India?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Vehicle emissions typically contribute to 20-30% of Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 at breathable\u00a0air quality levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-What_does_PM25_refer_to_and_why_is_it_significant\"><\/span>2-What does PM2.5 refer to, and why is it significant?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: PM2.5 refers to particles with a diameter less than 2.5 micrometers, over 100 times thinner than human hair, contributing significantly to air pollution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-How_much_PM25_do_vehicles_contribute_annually_in_India\"><\/span>3-How much PM2.5 do vehicles contribute annually in India?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Studies estimate that vehicles contribute around 290 gigagrams (Gg) of PM2.5 annually.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-What_is_the_percentage_of_Greenhouse_Gas_GHG_emissions_from_the_transport_sector_in_India\"><\/span>4-What is the percentage of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from the transport sector in India?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The transport sector contributes around 8% of total GHG emissions in India, with Delhi experiencing levels exceeding 30%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5-What_percentage_of_total_emissions_is_attributed_to_the_transport_sector_globally\"><\/span>5-What percentage of total emissions is attributed to the transport sector globally?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: A quarter of total emissions is attributed to the transport sector globally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6-How_much_of_the_global_CO2_emissions_does_road_transport_contribute\"><\/span>6-How much of the global CO2 emissions does road transport contribute?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Road transport contributes three-quarters of transport emissions and makes up 15% of total global CO2 emissions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7-Which_vehicle_segment_contributes_the_most_to_CO2_emissions_in_road_transport_globally\"><\/span>7-Which vehicle segment contributes the most to CO2 emissions in road transport globally?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Passenger vehicles represent the largest segment, contributing about 45% of CO2 emissions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In India, the alarming levels of vehicular pollution have become a pressing concern, posing significant threats to public health and the environment. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":31994,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[276],"tags":[177,232,213,140,2429],"class_list":["post-31990","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecology-environment-general-studies","tag-general-studies-3","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy","tag-vehicular-pollution"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31990","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31990"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31990\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31995,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31990\/revisions\/31995"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31994"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31990"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31990"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31990"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}