{"id":32009,"date":"2024-03-04T11:34:08","date_gmt":"2024-03-04T11:34:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=32009"},"modified":"2024-03-04T11:34:10","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T11:34:10","slug":"national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"National Air Quality Index (AQI) &#8211; UPSC Environment Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The introduction of the National Air Quality Index (NAQI) in New Delhi in September 2014 was part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan initiative, aimed at monitoring India&#8217;s air quality index.<\/li><li>Government organizations are responsible for disseminating information to the public regarding health risks and preventive measures.<\/li><li>A committee of specialists, comprising members from State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs), academicians, medical professionals, and air quality experts, has been established by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).<\/li><li>IIT Kanpur conducted a technical study, and based on its findings, along with recommendations from an expert panel, the AQI program for India was proposed in 2014.<\/li><li>A real-time data tracking system for continuous monitoring has been implemented in six Indian cities: Ahmedabad, New Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, and Pune.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d3069136ef7\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d3069136ef7\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#POLLUTANTS_COVERED\" title=\"POLLUTANTS COVERED\">POLLUTANTS COVERED<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#NATIONAL_AQI_SCORE\" title=\"NATIONAL AQI SCORE\">NATIONAL AQI SCORE<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Good_Safe_0-50\" title=\"Good\/ Safe (0-50):\">Good\/ Safe (0-50):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Satisfactory_51-100\" title=\"Satisfactory (51-100):\">Satisfactory (51-100):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Moderately_Polluted_101-200\" title=\"Moderately Polluted (101-200):\">Moderately Polluted (101-200):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Poor_201-300\" title=\"Poor (201-300):\">Poor (201-300):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Very_Poor_301-400\" title=\"Very Poor (301-400):\">Very Poor (301-400):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Severe_401-500\" title=\"Severe (401-500):\">Severe (401-500):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Particulate_Matter_or_PM_A_Significant_Air_Pollutant\" title=\"Particulate Matter or PM: A Significant Air Pollutant\">Particulate Matter or PM: A Significant Air Pollutant<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Additional_Pollutants_in_Focus_Lead_and_Ammonia\" title=\"Additional Pollutants in Focus: Lead and Ammonia\">Additional Pollutants in Focus: Lead and Ammonia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Definition_of_Particulate_Matter_PM\" title=\"Definition of Particulate Matter (PM):\">Definition of Particulate Matter (PM):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Sources_of_PM\" title=\"Sources of PM:\">Sources of PM:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Natural_Sources_of_PM_Include\" title=\"Natural Sources of PM Include:\">Natural Sources of PM Include:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#LIMITATIONS\" title=\"LIMITATIONS\">LIMITATIONS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#FAQs_%E2%80%93_National_Air_Quality_Index_NAQI\" title=\"FAQs &#8211; National Air Quality Index (NAQI)\">FAQs &#8211; National Air Quality Index (NAQI)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#1_What_is_the_National_Air_Quality_Index_NAQI_and_when_was_it_introduced\" title=\"1. What is the National Air Quality Index (NAQI), and when was it introduced?\">1. What is the National Air Quality Index (NAQI), and when was it introduced?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#2_Who_is_responsible_for_disseminating_information_regarding_air_quality_to_the_public\" title=\"2. Who is responsible for disseminating information regarding air quality to the public?\">2. Who is responsible for disseminating information regarding air quality to the public?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#3_What_committee_has_been_established_by_the_Central_Pollution_Control_Board_CPCB_for_air_quality_management\" title=\"3. What committee has been established by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for air quality management?\">3. What committee has been established by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for air quality management?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#4_How_did_the_proposal_for_the_AQI_program_in_India_originate\" title=\"4. How did the proposal for the AQI program in India originate?\">4. How did the proposal for the AQI program in India originate?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#5_In_which_cities_is_the_real-time_data_tracking_system_for_continuous_monitoring_implemented\" title=\"5. In which cities is the real-time data tracking system for continuous monitoring implemented?\">5. In which cities is the real-time data tracking system for continuous monitoring implemented?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#6_What_are_the_eight_significant_air_pollutants_monitored_by_the_Air_Quality_Index_AQI\" title=\"6. What are the eight significant air pollutants monitored by the Air Quality Index (AQI)?\">6. What are the eight significant air pollutants monitored by the Air Quality Index (AQI)?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/national-air-quality-index-aqi-upsc-environment-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"POLLUTANTS_COVERED\"><\/span><strong>POLLUTANTS COVERED<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Air Quality Index (AQI) monitors the concentration levels of the following eight significant air pollutants in the atmosphere:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Particulate Matter (PM10)<\/li><li>Particulate Matter (PM2.5)<\/li><li>Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)<\/li><li>Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)<\/li><li>Carbon Monoxide (CO)<\/li><li>Ozone (O3)<\/li><li>Ammonia (NH3)<\/li><li>Lead (Pb)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NATIONAL_AQI_SCORE\"><\/span><strong>NATIONAL AQI SCORE<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The National Air Quality Index consists of six distinct categories, each associated with specific health implications:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Good_Safe_0-50\"><\/span><strong>Good\/ Safe (0-50):<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Less Impact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Satisfactory_51-100\"><\/span><strong>Satisfactory (51-100):<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>People who are sensitive may experience slight breathing difficulty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moderately_Polluted_101-200\"><\/span><strong>Moderately Polluted (101-200):<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Individuals with lung diseases, heart conditions, children, and the elderly may find it difficult to breathe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Poor_201-300\"><\/span><strong>Poor (201-300):<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Long-term exposure might cause breathing pain and discomfort for people with heart disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Very_Poor_301-400\"><\/span><strong>Very Poor (301-400):<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Long-term exposure could lead to respiratory conditions.<\/li><li>Severely impacts those who have lung and heart conditions.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Severe_401-500\"><\/span><strong>Severe (401-500):<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Healthy individuals may encounter respiratory issues.<\/li><li>Individuals with lung or heart illness may experience serious health effects.<\/li><li>People may experience negative effects on their health even during light exercise.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Particulate_Matter_or_PM_A_Significant_Air_Pollutant\"><\/span><strong><em>Particulate Matter or PM: A Significant Air Pollutant<\/em><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>PM 2.5 and PM 10 stand out as the most common air quality metrics, measured in micrograms per cubic meter.&nbsp;<\/li><li>PM 2.5 refers to microparticles with a diameter less than 2.5 microns, while PM 10 includes particles with a diameter less than 10 microns.&nbsp;<\/li><li>These parameters are universally utilized by countries worldwide to evaluate atmospheric quality.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Additional_Pollutants_in_Focus_Lead_and_Ammonia\"><\/span><strong><em>Additional Pollutants in Focus: Lead and Ammonia<\/em><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to PM, India also monitors lead and ammonia as pollutants. An AQI value below 50 is considered safe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mechanism of PM Introduction into the Air<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Definition_of_Particulate_Matter_PM\"><\/span><strong>Definition of Particulate Matter (PM):<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Particulate matter encompasses a mixture of solid and liquid droplets present in the air. While some PM, like dust and soot, is visible to the naked eye, others require an electron microscope for observation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sources_of_PM\"><\/span><strong>Sources of PM:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>PM originates from diverse locations, including fields, fires, construction sites, and unpaved roads. Complex chemical reactions, involving substances such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, contribute to the majority of particle formation. These pollutants emanate from sources like power plants, industrial activities, and vehicular emissions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Natural_Sources_of_PM_Include\"><\/span><strong>Natural Sources of PM Include:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sea salt<\/li><li>Dust (crustal debris)<\/li><li>Secondary sulphate<\/li><li>Pollen<\/li><li>Black carbon from wildfires<\/li><li>Volcanic ash<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"LIMITATIONS\"><\/span><strong>LIMITATIONS<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Not Intended for Statutory Purposes:<\/strong><ul><li>The real-time AQI data, directly obtained from analyzers without thorough verification, may not be suitable for statutory purposes.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Technical Complexity:<\/strong><ul><li>The functionality of sensors and analyzers, including calibration, data capture at a local server, transmission to a central database through the Internet, and other related processes, adds to the technical complexity involved in monitoring and disseminating the AQI.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Power and Maintenance Challenges:<\/strong><ul><li>Various technical and operational factors, such as extended power outages and maintenance issues, can impact the operational effectiveness of monitoring stations.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Potential Disruption in Continuous Data Flow:<\/strong><ul><li>Due to these constraints, there is a likelihood of interruptions in the continuous flow and dissemination of data.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_%E2%80%93_National_Air_Quality_Index_NAQI\"><\/span><strong>FAQs &#8211; National Air Quality Index (NAQI)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_What_is_the_National_Air_Quality_Index_NAQI_and_when_was_it_introduced\"><\/span>1. What is the National Air Quality Index (NAQI), and when was it introduced?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The NAQI was introduced in New Delhi in September 2014 as part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan initiative, aimed at monitoring India&#8217;s air quality index.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Who_is_responsible_for_disseminating_information_regarding_air_quality_to_the_public\"><\/span>2. Who is responsible for disseminating information regarding air quality to the public?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Government organizations are entrusted with the responsibility of informing the public about health risks and preventive measures related to air quality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_What_committee_has_been_established_by_the_Central_Pollution_Control_Board_CPCB_for_air_quality_management\"><\/span>3. What committee has been established by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for air quality management?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The CPCB has formed a committee of specialists, including members from State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs), academicians, medical professionals, and air quality experts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_How_did_the_proposal_for_the_AQI_program_in_India_originate\"><\/span>4. How did the proposal for the AQI program in India originate?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: IIT Kanpur conducted a technical study, and based on its findings, along with recommendations from an expert panel, the proposal for the AQI program for India was made in 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_In_which_cities_is_the_real-time_data_tracking_system_for_continuous_monitoring_implemented\"><\/span>5. In which cities is the real-time data tracking system for continuous monitoring implemented?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The real-time data tracking system is operational in six Indian cities: Ahmedabad, New Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, and Pune.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_What_are_the_eight_significant_air_pollutants_monitored_by_the_Air_Quality_Index_AQI\"><\/span>6. What are the eight significant air pollutants monitored by the Air Quality Index (AQI)?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The AQI monitors the concentration levels of Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Ozone (O3), Ammonia (NH3), and Lead (Pb).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The introduction of the National Air Quality Index (NAQI) in New Delhi in September 2014 was part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan initiative, aimed at monitoring India&#8217;s air quality index.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":32013,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[276],"tags":[177,2433,232,213,140],"class_list":["post-32009","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecology-environment-general-studies","tag-general-studies-3","tag-national-air-quality-index","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32009","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32009"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32009\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32014,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32009\/revisions\/32014"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32013"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32009"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32009"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32009"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}