{"id":33154,"date":"2024-03-08T11:11:19","date_gmt":"2024-03-08T11:11:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=33154"},"modified":"2024-03-08T11:11:22","modified_gmt":"2024-03-08T11:11:22","slug":"upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Daily Current Affairs &#8211; 08th March 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-current-affairs?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Current+Affairs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42406\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants, we explore the latest developments that hold relevance for the upcoming civil services examination. Our focus today includes a critical analysis of recent policy changes, international affairs, and national developments, all of which play a pivotal role in shaping the socio-political and economic landscape of India. Stay informed and stay ahead in your UPSC preparations with our daily current affairs updates, as we provide you with concise, well-researched insights to help you connect the dots between contemporary events and the broader canvas of the civil services syllabus.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e6acd83f873\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e6acd83f873\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Amul_Cornerstone_of_Indias_Dairy_Industry\" title=\"Amul: Cornerstone of India&#8217;s Dairy Industry\">Amul: Cornerstone of India&#8217;s Dairy Industry<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#History_of_Amul_Nurturing_Indias_Dairy_Legacy\" title=\"History of Amul: Nurturing India&#8217;s Dairy Legacy\">History of Amul: Nurturing India&#8217;s Dairy Legacy<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Indias_White_Revolution_Operation_Flood_Transforming_Dairy_Dynamics\" title=\"India&#8217;s White Revolution (Operation Flood): Transforming Dairy Dynamics\">India&#8217;s White Revolution (Operation Flood): Transforming Dairy Dynamics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Current_State_and_Initiatives_in_Indias_Dairy_Sector\" title=\"Current State and Initiatives in India&#8217;s Dairy Sector\">Current State and Initiatives in India&#8217;s Dairy Sector<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Challenges_Faced\" title=\"Challenges Faced\">Challenges Faced<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Way_Forward_Enhancing_Indias_Dairy_Landscape\" title=\"Way Forward: Enhancing India&#8217;s Dairy Landscape\">Way Forward: Enhancing India&#8217;s Dairy Landscape<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#The_Unjust_Climate_FAO\" title=\"The Unjust Climate: FAO\">The Unjust Climate: FAO<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Key_Report_Findings\" title=\"Key Report Findings\">Key Report Findings<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Recommendations\" title=\"Recommendations\">Recommendations<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#FAOs_Climate_Change_Initiatives\" title=\"FAO\u2019s Climate Change Initiatives\">FAO\u2019s Climate Change Initiatives<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Market_Monopoly_and_Unfair_Competitive_Practices\" title=\"Market Monopoly and Unfair Competitive Practices\">Market Monopoly and Unfair Competitive Practices<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Google_vs_App_Developers_Unravelling_the_Dispute\" title=\"Google vs. App Developers: Unravelling the Dispute\">Google vs. App Developers: Unravelling the Dispute<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Background_and_Context\" title=\"Background and Context\">Background and Context<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Issues_and_Concerns\" title=\"Issues and Concerns\">Issues and Concerns<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#International_Comparisons\" title=\"International Comparisons\">International Comparisons<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Understanding_Market_Monopoly\" title=\"Understanding Market Monopoly\">Understanding Market Monopoly<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#About\" title=\"About\">About<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Features_of_Market_Monopoly\" title=\"Features of Market Monopoly\">Features of Market Monopoly<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Initiatives_to_Address_Market_Monopoly\" title=\"Initiatives to Address Market Monopoly\">Initiatives to Address Market Monopoly<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#The_Way_Forward\" title=\"The Way Forward\">The Way Forward<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Women_Business_and_Law_2024\" title=\"Women, Business and Law 2024\">Women, Business and Law 2024<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Understanding_the_Women_Business_and_Law_2024_Report\" title=\"Understanding the Women, Business and Law 2024 Report\">Understanding the Women, Business and Law 2024 Report<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Overview\" title=\"Overview\">Overview<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Key_Findings\" title=\"Key Findings\">Key Findings<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Indias_Performance\" title=\"India&#8217;s Performance\">India&#8217;s Performance<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Recommendations-2\" title=\"Recommendations\">Recommendations<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#INS_Jatayu_in_the_Lakshadweep_Islands\" title=\"INS Jatayu in the Lakshadweep Islands\">INS Jatayu in the Lakshadweep Islands<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Key_Highlights_of_INS_Jatayu\" title=\"Key Highlights of INS Jatayu\">Key Highlights of INS Jatayu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Key_Highlights_of_INAS_334_Squadron\" title=\"Key Highlights of INAS 334 Squadron\">Key Highlights of INAS 334 Squadron<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Amendments_to_the_Electricity_Rights_of_Consumers_Rules_2020\" title=\"Amendments to the Electricity (Rights of Consumers) Rules, 2020\">Amendments to the Electricity (Rights of Consumers) Rules, 2020<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#What_are_the_Major_Amendments_in_Electricity_Rules_2020\" title=\"What are the Major Amendments in Electricity Rules, 2020?\">What are the Major Amendments in Electricity Rules, 2020?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Rupa_Tarakasi\" title=\"Rupa Tarakasi\">Rupa Tarakasi<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#About_Rupa_Tarakasi\" title=\"About Rupa Tarakasi\">About Rupa Tarakasi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Dying_Declaration\" title=\"Dying Declaration\">Dying Declaration<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#About_Dying_Declaration\" title=\"About Dying Declaration\">About Dying Declaration<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Under-River_Metro_Tunnel\" title=\"Under-River Metro Tunnel\">Under-River Metro Tunnel<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Indias_First_Under-River_Metro_Tunnel_Kolkata_Metros_Engineering_Marvel\" title=\"India&#8217;s First Under-River Metro Tunnel: Kolkata Metro&#8217;s Engineering Marvel\">India&#8217;s First Under-River Metro Tunnel: Kolkata Metro&#8217;s Engineering Marvel<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#International_Centre_of_Excellence_for_Dams\" title=\"International Centre of Excellence for Dams\">International Centre of Excellence for Dams<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#International_Centre_of_Excellence_for_Dams_ICED\" title=\"International Centre of Excellence for Dams (ICED)\">International Centre of Excellence for Dams (ICED)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are daily current affairs?\">Q: What are daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?\">Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\" title=\"Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?\">Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\" title=\"Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?\">Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?\">Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-08th-march-2024\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Amul_Cornerstone_of_Indias_Dairy_Industry\"><\/span><strong>Amul: Cornerstone of India&#8217;s Dairy Industry<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-3 Economics of Animal-Rearing, Agricultural Marketing<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In News:<\/strong> The Prime Minister joined in commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF) and emphasized the achievements of Amul, originating from GCMMF.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/JzlOFvvWK5JFlCyLu_FN7qzdHqTg6r5hCwkxQwXMnitdB7eMSSewN8XOi3CXs0qwnj8tWkju-aLEjWfmUONUcm87sqMyhyF_QJYXXgiz44OEKgPrffNZL9TH3OK1CqGBM3jbEGz5SbI64qxAqw7r8Q\" alt=\"Amul\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption>Amul<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"History_of_Amul_Nurturing_Indias_Dairy_Legacy\"><\/span><strong>History of Amul: Nurturing India&#8217;s Dairy Legacy<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Establishment and Founders<\/strong><ul><li>Founded in 1946 as the Kaira District Co-operative Milk Producers\u2019 Union Limited in Anand, Gujarat, Amul was established by Tribhuvandas Patel, with support from Morarji Desai and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Formation of Amul Brand<\/strong><ul><li>In 1950, the brand Amul (Anand Milk Union Limited) was officially formed, representing the dairy products produced by the cooperative.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>GCMMF Management<\/strong><ul><li>Currently managed by the Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF), Amul is jointly owned by over 3.6 million milk producers in Gujarat.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Anand Pattern and Cooperative Model<\/strong><ul><li>Amul pioneered the Anand Pattern, an economic organizational model designed to empower small producers through collective action. This approach fosters integration among producers, enabling economies of scale while preserving individual autonomy.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>International Recognition<\/strong><ul><li>Amul&#8217;s success became a global case study in cooperative economics and rural development, playing a pivotal role in India&#8217;s White Revolution.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>White Revolution and Global Reach<\/strong><ul><li>Spearheading the White Revolution, Amul significantly contributed to making India self-sufficient in milk. Today, Amul products are exported to over 50 countries, involving a vast network of cooperative committees and farmers.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Indias_White_Revolution_Operation_Flood_Transforming_Dairy_Dynamics\"><\/span><strong>India&#8217;s White Revolution (Operation Flood): Transforming Dairy Dynamics<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>NDDB Establishment<\/strong><ul><li>In 1965, the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) was established, chaired by Verghese Kurien, known as the &#8216;Father of White Revolution in India.&#8217;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Operation Flood Phases<\/strong><ul><li><strong>Phase I (1970-1980):<\/strong> Initiated with support from the European Union, Operation Flood linked 18 milksheds with consumers in major cities and laid the foundation for village cooperatives.<\/li><li><strong>Phase II (1981-1985):<\/strong> Expanded milksheds to 136, outlets to 290 urban markets, and established a self-sustaining system of 43,000 village cooperatives.<\/li><li><strong>Phase III (1985-1996):<\/strong> Strengthened infrastructure, emphasized veterinary healthcare, and expanded dairy cooperatives to 173 milksheds.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Post-Operation Flood and Challenges<\/strong><ul><li>Post-liberalization in 1991, the dairy sector witnessed growth but faced challenges like unregulated dairies and the need for regulatory oversight, leading to the Milk and Milk Products Order (MMPO) in 1992.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Current_State_and_Initiatives_in_Indias_Dairy_Sector\"><\/span><strong>Current State and Initiatives in India&#8217;s Dairy Sector<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Current Milk Production:<\/strong> India leads global milk production, contributing 24% of the total. In the last decade, production increased by 60%, with a per capita availability rise of 40%.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Top 5 Milk-Producing States:<\/strong> Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Andhra Pradesh.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Challenges_Faced\"><\/span><strong>Challenges Faced<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Low Milk Yield<\/strong>: India struggles with lower milk yield per animal due to factors like poor quality feed, traditional breeds, and inadequate veterinary care.<\/li><li><strong>Collection and Processing Challenges:<\/strong> Issues persist in collection, pasteurization, and transportation of milk, especially in informal dairy setups.<\/li><li><strong>Adulteration Concerns:<\/strong> Adulteration remains a challenge, impacting quality control efforts.<\/li><li><strong>Profit Disparities:<\/strong> Disparities in profit distribution within the value chain exist, with milk producers often receiving low purchase prices.<\/li><li><strong>Cattle Health Challenges:<\/strong> Frequent disease outbreaks affect livestock health and productivity.<\/li><li><strong>Limited Crossbreeding Success:<\/strong> Crossbreeding indigenous species with exotic stocks for genetic improvement has seen limited success.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Way_Forward_Enhancing_Indias_Dairy_Landscape\"><\/span><strong>Way Forward: Enhancing India&#8217;s Dairy Landscape<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Strengthening Veterinary Care and Quality Control<\/strong><ul><li>Focusing on robust veterinary care and implementing quality control measures is imperative for addressing productivity and health challenges.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Infrastructure Enhancement<\/strong><ul><li>Enhancing infrastructure for milk collection, processing, and transportation will streamline operations and ensure safe milk handling.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Research and Development<\/strong><ul><li>Emphasizing research and development in genetics, nutrition, and disease management is crucial for enhancing milk yield and animal health.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Promoting Cooperative Models<\/strong><ul><li>Promoting farmer cooperatives and incentivizing sustainable practices can empower small-scale producers and ensure equitable growth across the dairy value chain.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2012)<\/strong><br><strong>Q. Consider the following crops of India:\u00a0<\/strong><br>1. Cowpea<br>2. Green gram<br>3. Pigeon pea<br><strong>Which of the above is\/are used as pulse, fodder and green manure?<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a01 and 2 only<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a02 only<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a01 and 3 only<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a01, 2 and 3<br><strong>Ans: (a)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Mains (2015)Q.1<\/strong>\u00a0Livestock rearing has a big potential for providing non-farm employment and income in rural areas. Discuss suggesting suitable measures to promote this sector in India.<strong>Q.2<\/strong>\u00a0The concept of cooperative federalism has been increasingly emphasized in recent years. Highlight the drawbacks in the existing structure and the extent to which cooperative federalism would answer the shortcomings.\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2007971\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Unjust_Climate_FAO\"><\/span><strong>The Unjust Climate: FAO<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: <\/strong>GS \u2013 3 GS \u2013 1 Important Geophysical Phenomena GS \u2013 2 Government Policies &amp; Interventions, Important International Institutions, Food Security, Disaster Management<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In News:<\/strong> The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) recently unveiled a report titled &#8220;The Unjust Climate.&#8221;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Report_Findings\"><\/span><strong>Key Report Findings<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Impact of Extreme Weather on Poor Rural Households<\/strong><ul><li>Daily extreme heat results in a 2.4% loss of on-farm incomes, 1.1% of crop value, and 1.5% of off-farm income for poor rural households.<\/li><li>A 1\u00b0C temperature increase leads to a 33% decrease in off-farm incomes.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Income Inequality Widening Due to Climate Stressors<\/strong><ul><li>Heat stress and floods cause poor households to lose 5% and 4.4% of total income, respectively, compared to better-off households.<\/li><li>Floods and heat stress widen the income gap by approximately USD 21 billion and USD 20 billion per year.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Maladaptive Coping Strategies<\/strong><ul><li>Poor households adopt distress sale of livestock and reduce agricultural investments as maladaptive coping strategies.<\/li><li>These strategies increase vulnerability to future climate stressors.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Inadequate Inclusion in National Climate Policies<\/strong><ul><li>Rural people and their climate vulnerabilities are largely absent in national climate policies.<\/li><li>Less than 1% of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) and national adaptation plans (NAP) mention poor people.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Recommendations\"><\/span><strong>Recommendations<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Targeted interventions are needed to empower diverse rural populations for climate-adaptive measures.<\/li><li>Investment in policies addressing multidimensional climate vulnerabilities, including limited access to productive resources.<\/li><li>Linking social protection programs to advisory services and gender-transformative methodologies.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAOs_Climate_Change_Initiatives\"><\/span><strong>FAO\u2019s Climate Change Initiatives<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Inclusive climate actions are embedded in FAO\u2019s Strategy and Action Plan on Climate Change and Strategic Framework 2022\u20132031.<\/li><li>FAO\u2019s Global Roadmap for Achieving SDG 2 without breaching the 1.5\u00b0C threshold emphasizes gender inequalities, climate actions, and nutrition considerations simultaneously.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2016)<\/strong><br><strong>Q. The FAO accords the status of \u2018Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS)\u2019 to traditional agricultural systems. What is the overall goal of this initiative?\u00a0<\/strong><br>1. To provide modern technology, training in modern farming methods, and financial support to local communities of identified GIAHS so as to greatly enhance their agricultural productivity.<br>2. To identify and safeguard eco-friendly traditional farm practices and their associated landscapes, agricultural biodiversity and knowledge systems of the local communities.<br>3. To provide Geographical Indication status to all the varieties of agricultural produce in such identified GIAHS.<br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a01 and 3 only<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a02 only<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a02 and 3 only<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a01, 2 and 3<br><strong>Ans: (b)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Mains (2016)Q.1<\/strong>\u00a0The effective management of land and water resources will drastically reduce the human miseries. Explain.\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/news\/world\/rural-poor-lose-5-of-income-to-heat-stress-every-year-more-vulnerable-to-future-climate-risks-94822\"><strong>DTE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Market_Monopoly_and_Unfair_Competitive_Practices\"><\/span><strong>Market Monopoly and Unfair Competitive Practices<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: <\/strong>GS \u2013 3 GS \u2013 2 IT &amp; Computers, Statutory Bodies<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In News:<\/strong> In a recent development, a conflict has arisen between Google and app developers, leading to the removal of nearly a dozen firms from the Android app marketplace by Google.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Google_vs_App_Developers_Unravelling_the_Dispute\"><\/span><strong>Google vs. App Developers: Unravelling the Dispute<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Background_and_Context\"><\/span><strong>Background and Context<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Indian smartphone landscape is predominantly shaped by Google&#8217;s Android platform and its app marketplace, Google Play.<\/li><li>Indian app developers heavily depend on Google Play for app distribution and monetization, exposing them to Google&#8217;s policies and fees.<\/li><li>The contention arises from Google imposing fees ranging from 11% to 30% on in-app purchases of digital services, perceived as excessive by developers, potentially hindering innovation and competition.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Issues_and_Concerns\"><\/span><strong>Issues and Concerns<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Major Indian app developers, including Bharat Matrimony and Disney+ Hotstar, challenge Google&#8217;s fees in court, citing economic burden and limited alternatives.<\/li><li>The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has penalized Google for anticompetitive practices, spotlighting regulatory scrutiny on its market dominance and pricing policies.<\/li><li>This conflict underscores broader apprehensions about platform monopolies impacting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), innovation, and consumer welfare.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"International_Comparisons\"><\/span><strong>International Comparisons<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Similar clashes between tech giants and app developers globally, such as Apple facing scrutiny over App Store fees and practices.<\/li><li>Legal and regulatory actions in the European Union and the United States serve as precedents for addressing antitrust concerns and ensuring fair competition in digital markets.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_Market_Monopoly\"><\/span><strong>Understanding Market Monopoly<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About\"><\/span><strong>About<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Market monopoly pertains to a scenario where a single company or a group dominates a significant share of a specific market or industry.<\/li><li>In a monopoly, there is a sole seller or producer, offering a product or service with no close substitutes.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Features_of_Market_Monopoly\"><\/span><strong>Features of Market Monopoly<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Single Seller or Producer:<\/strong> Monopoly involves a solitary entity dominating the entire market.<\/li><li><strong>High Barriers to Entry:<\/strong> Significant obstacles hinder new competitors from entering the market.<\/li><li><strong>No Substitutes:<\/strong> Consumers have limited or no alternative options for the product or service.<\/li><li><strong>Market Power and Pricing Control:<\/strong> The monopoly controls prices and influences market conditions.<\/li><li><strong>Influence Over Supply:<\/strong> The monopoly determines the quantity produced and adjusts supply.<\/li><li><strong>Lack of Competition:<\/strong> Absence of direct competition results in reduced incentives for innovation.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Initiatives_to_Address_Market_Monopoly\"><\/span><strong>Initiatives to Address Market Monopoly<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Indian<\/strong><ul><li><strong>Competition Act, 2002:<\/strong> Primary legislation addressing antitrust issues, promoting competition, preventing anti-competitive practices, and protecting consumer interests.<\/li><li><strong>Competition Amendment Bill, 2022:<\/strong> A proposed amendment to strengthen the regulatory framework and enhance competition law enforcement.<\/li><li><strong>Competition Commission of India (CCI):<\/strong> Regulator responsible for enforcing competition provisions, investigating anti-competitive practices.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>International<\/strong><ul><li><strong>OECD Competition Committee:<\/strong> Addresses anti-competitive practices through discussions and cooperation among member countries.<\/li><li><strong>UNCTAD:<\/strong> Provides guidance on competition policy and law, supporting countries in implementing effective competition frameworks.<\/li><li><strong>International Competition Network (ICN):<\/strong> Facilitates communication and cooperation among competition authorities worldwide.<\/li><li><strong>World Trade Organization (WTO):<\/strong> Focuses on trade and addresses competition policy through its Working Group on the Interaction between Trade and Competition Policy.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Way_Forward\"><\/span><strong>The Way Forward<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Regulatory reforms are advocated to enhance competition, alleviate the dominance of app store gatekeepers, and prioritize transparency and fairness.<\/li><li>Recommendations include mandating transparency and fairness in app store policies, providing developers with more payment options, and fostering alternative distribution channels.<\/li><li>A balanced approach is essential, considering the interests of platform providers, developers, and consumers, with a focus on innovation, competition, and consumer welfare.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2012)<\/strong><br><strong>Q. With reference to \u2018consumers\u2019 rights\/privileges under the provisions of law in India, which of the following statements is\/are correct?\u00a0<\/strong><br>1. Consumers are empowered to take samples for food testing.<br>2. When a consumer files a complaint in any consumer forum, no fee is required to be paid.<br>3. In case of death of consumer, his\/her legal heir can file a complaint in the consumer forum on his\/her behalf.<br><strong>Select the correct answer using the codes given below:<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a01 only<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a02 and 3 only<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a01 and 3 only<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a01, 2 and 3<br><strong>Ans: (c)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Mains (2016)Q.<\/strong>\u00a0Has the Indian governmental system responded adequately to the demands of Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization started in 1991? What can the government do to be responsive to this important change?\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/technology\/why-did-google-delist-some-indian-apps-from-play-store-explained\/article67918368.ece\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Women_Business_and_Law_2024\"><\/span><strong>Women, Business and Law 2024<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag: <\/strong>GS \u2013 2 Gender, Central Sector Schemes, Issues Related to Women, Human Resource<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In News:<\/strong> The World Bank Group&#8217;s latest report, &#8220;Women, Business and the Law 2024,&#8221; delves into the barriers preventing women&#8217;s participation in the global workforce, impeding their potential contributions to prosperity for themselves, families, and communities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_the_Women_Business_and_Law_2024_Report\"><\/span><strong>Understanding the Women, Business and Law 2024 Report<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview\"><\/span><strong>Overview<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Women, Business and Law 2024 Report evaluates the alignment of legal frameworks and public policies with the economic choices made by women, shedding light on persisting challenges in various areas of their lives and careers.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Findings\"><\/span><strong>Key Findings<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Legal Frameworks Index<\/strong><ul><li>High-income economies, particularly Italy, New Zealand, and Portugal, lead with scores above 90.<\/li><li>Over 37 economies provide women less than half of the legal rights enjoyed by men, impacting around half a billion women.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Women&#8217;s Legal Rights<\/strong><ul><li>Globally, women have only 64% of the legal protections that men enjoy, considering differences involving violence and childcare.<\/li><li>The gap between legal reforms and real outcomes for women remains substantial.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Poor Performances by Countries<\/strong><ul><li>Togo stands out in Sub-Saharan Africa, enacting laws providing women 77% of men&#8217;s rights, but implementation lags at 27%.<\/li><li>Most countries performed poorly in new categories like access to childcare and women&#8217;s safety.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Women&#8217;s Safety and Childcare<\/strong><ul><li>Women&#8217;s safety scores poorly globally, with just 36 points, indicating insufficient legal protections against violence, harassment, child marriage, and femicide.<\/li><li>Only 78 economies offer financial support for parents, and less than a third have quality standards for childcare services.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Significant Obstacles<\/strong><ul><li>In entrepreneurship, only one in five economies includes gender-sensitive criteria in public procurement, limiting women&#8217;s economic opportunities.<\/li><li>The gender pay gap persists, with women earning 77 cents for every USD 1 paid to men.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Indias_Performance\"><\/span><strong>India&#8217;s Performance<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India ranks 113, with a score of 74.4%, a slight improvement from 2021.&nbsp;<\/li><li>However, women in India have only 60% of the legal rights compared to men.&nbsp;<\/li><li>India outperforms South Asian counterparts but faces challenges in areas like women&#8217;s pay.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Recommendations-2\"><\/span><strong>Recommendations<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Eliminating discriminatory laws could boost global GDP by over 20%, fostering rapid growth in the next decade.<\/li><li>Effective implementation requires a strong supporting framework, including robust enforcement mechanisms and measures to address gender-related pay disparities.<\/li><li>Urgent efforts are needed to reform laws and enact policies empowering women economically, amplifying their influence in decision-making.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2016)<\/strong><br><strong>Q.<\/strong> <strong>India\u2019s ranking in the \u2018Ease of Doing Business Index\u2019 is sometimes seen in the news. Which of the following has declared that ranking?\u00a0<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a0Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a0World Economic Forum<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a0World Bank<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a0World Trade Organization (WTO)<br><strong>Ans: (c)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2015)<\/strong><br><strong>Q.2 Which one of the following issues the \u2018Global Economic Prospects\u2019 report periodically?\u00a0<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a0The Asian Development Bank<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a0The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a0The US Federal Reserve Bank<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a0The World Bank<br><strong>Ans: (d)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2014)<\/strong><br><strong>Q.3 Which of the following organizations brings out the publication known as \u2018World Economic Outlook\u2019?\u00a0<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a0The International Monetary Fund<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a0The United Nations Development Programme<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a0The World Economic Forum<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a0The World Bank<br><strong>Ans: (a)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2015)<\/strong><br><strong>Q.4 \u2018BioCarbon Fund Initiative for Sustainable Forest Landscapes\u2019 is managed by the\u00a0<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a0Asian Development Bank<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a0International Monetary Fund<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a0United Nations Environment Program<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a0World Bank<br><strong>Ans: (d)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Mains (2014)Q.1<\/strong>\u00a0We are witnessing increasing instances of sexual violence against women in the country. Despite existing legal provisions against it, the number ofsuch incidencesis on the rise. Suggestsome innovative measures to tackle this menace.<br><br><strong>Mains (2019)Q.2<\/strong>\u00a0What are the continued challenges for Women in India against time and space?\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/news\/world\/globally-women-have-just-two-thirds-of-legal-rights-given-to-men-finds-world-bank-94806\"><strong>DTE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"INS_Jatayu_in_the_Lakshadweep_Islands\"><\/span><strong>INS Jatayu in the Lakshadweep Islands<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS \u2013 3 Security Challenges &amp; their Management in Border Areas<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In News:<\/strong> The establishment of INS Jatayu, an enhanced naval base in the Lakshadweep Islands, signifies a notable advancement in India\u2019s maritime security approach, especially considering the expanding influence of China in the Indian Ocean Region.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/_Rcn3Y284vpR3vYZm_8CkbMbGh5TPcUTGi7uGUvwA_lmrP8GrJqVtDhdJHL3JRION_DOuisDMT06DXvpwiVc46nf5CP5johAOZRDzRvb3QXXgfuvDXW6irw3gaR2yUF9aAy7YbEG2okCb6-hIWjJmQ\" alt=\"INS Jatayu in the Lakshadweep Islands\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>INS Jatayu in the Lakshadweep Islands<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Highlights_of_INS_Jatayu\"><\/span><strong>Key Highlights of INS Jatayu<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Commissioning and Upgradation<\/strong><ul><li>Formerly Naval Detachment Minicoy, INS Jatayu is commissioned as an upgraded naval base on Minicoy Island in the Lakshadweep archipelago.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Operational Control<\/strong><ul><li>The base operates under the control of the Naval Officer in Charge (Lakshadweep), Southern Naval Command.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Operational Reach Enhancement<\/strong><ul><li>Enhances the operational reach of the Indian Navy in the Indian Ocean, strengthening capabilities for anti-piracy, anti-narcotics, and surveillance operations.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Strategic Location<\/strong><ul><li>Situated in Minicoy, the southernmost atoll of Lakshadweep, strategically overlooking vital Sea Lines of Communications (SLOCs).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Counterbalancing China&#8217;s Presence<\/strong><ul><li>Reinforces India&#8217;s ability to counterbalance and deter any attempts to undermine maritime dominance and territorial integrity, particularly in light of China&#8217;s increasing presence in the Indian Ocean.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Second Naval Base in Lakshadweep<\/strong><ul><li>Effectively becomes the country\u2019s second naval base in Lakshadweep, with the first being INS Dweeprakshak in Kavaratti, commissioned in 2012.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Infrastructure and Security Coverage<\/strong><ul><li>Equipped with additional infrastructure, including an airfield and personnel housing, to support naval operations and ensure comprehensive security coverage.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Strategic Intersection<\/strong><ul><li>Minicoy Island&#8217;s strategic location at the intersection of crucial Sea Lines of Communications (SLOCs) enhances India\u2019s maritime presence.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Maritime Traffic and Pollution<\/strong><ul><li>The island, located at the Eight Degree Channel and the Nine Degree Channel, is susceptible to maritime pollution due to heavy traffic in these critical SLOCs.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Highlights_of_INAS_334_Squadron\"><\/span><strong>Key Highlights of INAS 334 Squadron<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Commissioning and Aircraft Type<\/strong><ul><li>The Indian Naval Air Squadron (INAS) 334 is commissioned as the first squadron of MH-60R helicopters, also known as the &#8220;Seahawks,&#8221; at INS Garuda, Kochi.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>MH 60R Seahawk Overview<\/strong><ul><li>The squadron is part of a 24-aircraft Foreign Military Sales (FMS) contract signed with the United States government in February 2020.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Versatile Roles<\/strong><ul><li>MH 60R Seahawk, a maritime variant of the Blackhawk helicopter, is designed for roles such as anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare, search and rescue, medical evacuation, and vertical replenishment.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Strategic Deployment<\/strong><ul><li>Deployment of Seahawks in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) strengthens the Indian Navy&#8217;s maritime presence, dissuading potential threats and ensuring a secure environment in this strategically crucial region.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2014)<\/strong><br><strong>Q. Which one of the following pairs of islands is separated from each other by the \u2018Ten Degree Channel\u2019?<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a0Andaman and Nicobar<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a0Nicobar and Sumatra<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a0Maldives and Lakshadweep<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a0Sumatra and Java<br><strong>Ans: (a)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2016)<\/strong><br><strong>Q2. Which one of the following is the best description of \u2018INS Astradharini\u2019, that was in the news recently?\u00a0<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a0Amphibious warfare ship<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a0Nuclear-powered submarine<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a0Torpedo launch and recovery vessel<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a0Nuclear-powered aircraft carrier<br><strong>Ans: (c)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2017)<\/strong><br><strong>Q3. Consider the following in respect of Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS):\u00a0<\/strong><br>1. Inaugural IONS was held in India in 2015 under the chairmanship of the Indian Navy.<br>2. IONS is a voluntary initiative that seeks to increase maritime co-operation among navies of the littoral states of the Indian Ocean Region.<br><strong>Which of the above statements is\/are correct?<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a01 only<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a02 only<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a0Both 1 and 2<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a0Neither 1 nor 2<br><strong>Ans: (b)<\/strong><br><strong>Exp:<\/strong>The \u2018Indian Ocean Naval Symposium\u2019 (IONS) is a voluntary initiative that seeks to increase maritime cooperation among navies of the littoral States of the Indian Ocean Region by providing an open and inclusive forum for discussion of regionally relevant maritime issues.\u00a0<strong>Hence, statement 2 is correct.<\/strong>It provides a forum to increase maritime security cooperation, and promote friendly relationships among the member nations.The inaugural IONS-2008 was held in New Delhi, India in February, 2008. The Chief of the Naval Staff, Indian Navy was designated as the Chairman of IONS for the period 2008-10.\u00a0<strong>Hence, statement 1 is not correct. Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.<\/strong><br><br><strong>Mains (2013)Q.<\/strong>\u00a0What do you understand by \u2018The String of Pearls\u2019? How does it impact India? Briefly outline the steps taken by India to counter this.<br><br><strong>Mains (2013)Q.<\/strong>\u00a0Discuss the political developments in the Maldives in the last two years. Should they be of any cause for concern to India?\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/ins-jatayu-indias-new-naval-base-in-lakshadweep-will-help-combat-piracy-security-threats-better\/article67920389.ece\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Amendments_to_the_Electricity_Rights_of_Consumers_Rules_2020\"><\/span><strong>Amendments to the Electricity (Rights of Consumers) Rules, 2020<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-2\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In News:<\/strong> The Ministry of Power has introduced amendments to the Electricity (Rights of Consumers) Rules, 2020, focusing on accelerating Rooftop Solar Projects and enhancing consumer empowerment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_Major_Amendments_in_Electricity_Rules_2020\"><\/span><strong>What are the Major Amendments in Electricity Rules, 2020?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Streamlined Rooftop Solar Installation<\/strong><ul><li>Exemption from technical feasibility study for systems up to 10 kW capacity.<\/li><li>Reduced timeline for feasibility study for systems above 10 kW from 20 to 15 days.<\/li><li>Mandated distribution system strengthening for rooftop solar PV systems up to 5 kW capacity by the distribution company at its own cost.<\/li><li>Decreased commissioning time for distribution licensees from 30 to 15 days.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Separate Connections for Electric Vehicle Charging<\/strong><ul><li>Consumers can acquire distinct electricity connections for charging Electric Vehicles (EVs).<\/li><li>Reduction in time for new electricity connections: 3 days in metropolitan areas, 7 days in other municipal areas, and 15 days in rural areas.<\/li><li>Normal time frames maintained for rural areas with hilly terrain.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Enhanced Consumer Rights in Residential Areas<\/strong><ul><li>Owners in group housing societies, multi-storied buildings, etc., can opt for individual or single-point connections.<\/li><li>Option selection through a transparent ballot conducted by the Distribution Company.<\/li><li>Tariff parity for consumers with single-point or individual connections.<\/li><li>Separate metering, billing, and collection for individual consumption, backup power, and common areas.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Addressing Meter Reading Complaints<\/strong><ul><li>Installation of an additional meter within five days in response to consumer complaints about meter reading inaccuracies.<\/li><li>Additional meter usage to verify consumption for a minimum of three months, ensuring billing accuracy.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><div class=\"pcrstb-wrap\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>UPSC Previous Year Questions<\/strong><br><br><strong>Prelims (2016)<\/strong><br><strong>Q. Consider the following statements:\u00a0<\/strong><br>1. The International Solar Alliance was launched at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in 2015.<br>2. The Alliance includes all the member countries of the United Nations.<br><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><br><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a01 only<br><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a02 only<br><strong>(c)<\/strong>\u00a0Both 1 and 2<br><strong>(d)<\/strong>\u00a0Neither 1 nor 2<br><strong>Ans: (a)<\/strong><br><br><strong>Mains (2020)Q.<\/strong>\u00a0India has immense potential of solar energy though there are regional variations in its developments. Elaborate.\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2008289\">PIB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rupa_Tarakasi\"><\/span><strong>Rupa Tarakasi<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-1 Art and Heritage<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In News:<\/strong> The renowned silver filigree, known as Rupa Tarakasi, hailing from the millennium city of Cuttack in Odisha, has recently been granted the Geographical Indication (GI) tag.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/AePNCKblLoZVB9JZjeRRUW-dJkMcyBy0uXrkEJZANbKDWM6-s7bc3vWo16b-CF-PSK5M3bV9yNLPUdEDd8euzUKTwSxu4J5gL8KrCbvIhLEPwm-PM3eNDTDnrsmc2C87RJlVCEYsiuvdEd6brCv83w\" alt=\"Rupa Tarakasi\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>Rupa Tarakasi<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_Rupa_Tarakasi\"><\/span><strong>About Rupa Tarakasi<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Exquisite Silver Craft<\/strong><ul><li>Rupa Tarakasi stands out as an exceptionally refined form of silver craft known for its intricacy and beauty.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Location and Legacy<\/strong><ul><li>Practiced in the silver city of Cuttack, Odisha, Rupa Tarakasi has a rich history dating back to at least the 12th century. It gained significant patronage during the Mughal era.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Evolution through Time<\/strong><ul><li>As Cuttack transitioned through different rulers, the art of silver filigree adapted and evolved, taking on new forms with each era.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Crafting Process<\/strong><ul><li>The intricate process involves transforming silver bricks into thin wires or foils (tara) from which silver filigree is meticulously crafted, showcasing various designs (kasi).&nbsp;<\/li><li>The main metal alloy includes different grades of silver, complemented by metals like copper, zinc, cadmium, and tin.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Artisan Identity<\/strong><ul><li>The skilled artists practicing Rupa Tarakasi are referred to as &#8220;Rupa Banias&#8221; or &#8220;Roupyakaras&#8221; in Odia.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Diverse Creations<\/strong><ul><li>Rupa Tarakasi artisans extend their craftsmanship to create a diverse array of items, including jewellery worn by Odissi dancers, decorative artifacts, accessories, as well as religious and cultural pieces.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The craft has permeated various aspects of life and art in the region.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.telegraphindia.com\/india\/odisha-cuttack-citys-silver-filigree-receives-geographical-indication-tag\/cid\/2004527\"><strong>TI<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dying_Declaration\"><\/span><strong>Dying Declaration<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-2 Polity\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In News:<\/strong> The recent ruling by the Supreme Court emphasizes that the accused&#8217;s conviction can be upheld solely relying on the dying declaration, provided the statement made by the victim instills confidence in the court and demonstrates reliability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_Dying_Declaration\"><\/span><strong>About Dying Declaration<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Definition:<\/strong> A Dying Declaration refers to a statement made by a deceased person and is governed by clause (1) of Section 32 of the Indian Evidence Act 1872.<\/li><li><strong>Scope:<\/strong> It typically pertains to the cause of the declarant&#8217;s death and is admissible as evidence in both civil and criminal proceedings.<\/li><li><strong>Admissibility Reasoning:<\/strong> The admissibility of a dying declaration is rooted in the Latin maxim &#8216;Nemo Mariturus Presumuntur Mentri,&#8217; translating to &#8220;Man Will Not Meet His Maker with Lying on His Mouth.&#8221;<\/li><li><strong>Format:<\/strong> There is no specific format required for a dying declaration, and it can take various forms such as oral, written, through gestures, thumb impressions, or even in a question-and-answer format. A written declaration, ideally, should capture the exact words of the declarant.<\/li><li><strong>Recording Authority:<\/strong> While a declaration recorded by a Magistrate is considered optimal, Supreme Court guidelines state that anyone, including public servants or doctors in a hospital setting, can record a dying statement.<\/li><li><strong>Evidentiary Value:<\/strong> In legal proceedings, a dying declaration carries substantial weight and can be the sole basis for conviction without additional corroborating evidence. However, the court must ensure that the statement was not influenced, coached, or a product of imagination. It also needs to establish that the deceased was of sound mind and had a clear opportunity to observe and identify the assailants.<\/li><li><strong>Conditions for Admissibility:<\/strong> For a dying statement to be admissible, the court must verify that the person making the statement is not likely to live. If there&#8217;s a likelihood of survival, the statement becomes inadmissible as a dying declaration.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livelaw.in\/supreme-court\/conviction-can-be-solely-based-on-dying-declaration-if-it-inspires-confidence-supreme-court-251436\"><strong>LL<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Under-River_Metro_Tunnel\"><\/span><strong>Under-River Metro Tunnel<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-1 Geography<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In News:<\/strong> The Prime Minister recently inaugurated the metro train service connecting Howrah Maidan and Esplanade in Kolkata, marking the historic commencement of India\u2019s first under-river metro tunnel.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/NSFt3jmzYAPMqd89cH41Z8-afZ0qLhRw1CFcmO-0KRRtQsA3MqvYRm9DXC-jeSqGfaJ9_Md4JQo_39cXAnMzv4_WTsoZr5xvMQMWjCypGDSd5PmQAgDA4IZgLfYC9VpeUE0v4MSDBJx4k8pU4Cxmtw\" alt=\"Under-River Metro Tunnel\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><figcaption><strong>Under-River Metro Tunnel<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Indias_First_Under-River_Metro_Tunnel_Kolkata_Metros_Engineering_Marvel\"><\/span><strong>India&#8217;s First Under-River Metro Tunnel: Kolkata Metro&#8217;s Engineering Marvel<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Project Overview<\/strong><ul><li>Integral part of Kolkata Metro\u2019s East-West Corridor.<\/li><li>Located in the city&#8217;s northeast, passing beneath the Hooghly River.<\/li><li>Tunnel situated 13 meters below the riverbed and 37 meters below ground level.<\/li><li>Spans 4.8 km underground from Howrah Maidan to Esplanade.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Financial Investment<\/strong><ul><li>Constructed at a cost of Rs 4,965 crore.<\/li><li>Represents a significant financial commitment to enhance Kolkata&#8217;s metro connectivity.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Record-Setting Depths<\/strong><ul><li>Features the country&#8217;s deepest metro station, Howrah Maidan station, positioned 32 meters below ground level.<\/li><li>Showcases engineering prowess in achieving unprecedented depths.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Quick River Crossing<\/strong><ul><li>Aims to swiftly cover the 520-meter stretch under the Hooghly River in just 45 seconds.<\/li><li>Enhances overall travel efficiency and connectivity in the city.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.financialexpress.com\/business\/infrastructure-pm-modi-in-bengal-indias-first-under-river-metro-tunnel-in-kolkata-is-ready-for-inauguration-along-with-other-key-projects-heres-all-you-need-to-know-3414982\/\"><strong>FE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"International_Centre_of_Excellence_for_Dams\"><\/span><strong>International Centre of Excellence for Dams<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tag:<\/strong> GS-2 Governance<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In News:<\/strong> The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore and the Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS) have entered into a Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) to establish the International Centre of Excellence for Dams (ICED).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"International_Centre_of_Excellence_for_Dams_ICED\"><\/span><strong>International Centre of Excellence for Dams (ICED<\/strong>)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> ICED will serve as the technological arm of the Ministry, offering specialized technical support for investigations, modelling, research, innovations, and technical services to dam owners in India and abroad.<\/li><li><strong>Duration:<\/strong> The Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) is valid for ten years or until the conclusion of the Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project (DRIP) Phase-II and III Scheme, whichever is earlier.<\/li><li><strong>Dam Safety Focus:<\/strong> The center will focus on dam safety, addressing emerging challenges through scientific research and providing solutions.<\/li><li><strong>Academic Courses and Research:<\/strong> ICED will provide area-specific academic courses, training programs, workshops, and conduct applied research and technology transfer in dam safety management at local, regional, national, and international levels.<\/li><li><strong>Funding:<\/strong> The Ministry of Jal Shakti will grant 118.05 crore rupees for procuring goods and machinery, establishing new laboratories, strengthening existing ones, initiating research activities, and modernizing infrastructure for ICED.<\/li><li><strong>Research Areas:<\/strong> ICED will conduct research in two core areas &#8211; Advanced construction and rehabilitation materials, Material testing for dams, and Comprehensive (multi-hazard) risk assessment of dams.<\/li><li><strong>Role in Atmanirbhar Bharat:<\/strong> ICED is positioned to contribute to building an Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India) and aims to share knowledge and expertise in dam safety with underdeveloped and developing nations.<\/li><li><strong>Location:<\/strong> ICED is hosted at IISc Bangalore and marks the second International Centre for Dam Safety, following the establishment of the first ICED at IIT Roorkee in February 2023.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/newsonair.gov.in\/News?title=MoJS-Partners-with-IISc-Bangalore-to-Establish-International-Centre-of-Excellence-for-Dams%2C-Boosting-%26%2339%3BMake-in-India%26%2339%3B-Initiative-in-Dam-Safety&amp;id=478555\"><strong>AIR<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Daily current affairs refer to the most recent and relevant events, developments, and news stories that are happening around the world on a day-to-day basis. These can encompass a wide range of topics, including politics, economics, science, technology, sports, and more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Staying updated with daily current affairs is crucial because it helps individuals make informed decisions in their personal and professional lives. It enables people to understand the world around them, stay aware of significant events, and engage in informed discussions about important issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\"><\/span>Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: There are various sources for daily current affairs, including newspapers, news websites, television news broadcasts, radio programs, and dedicated apps or newsletters. Social media platforms are also widely used to share and access current affairs information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\"><\/span>Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: To incorporate daily current affairs into your routine, consider setting aside specific times each day to read or watch news updates. You can also subscribe to newsletters or follow news apps to receive curated content. Engaging in discussions with peers or participating in online forums can further enhance your understanding of current events.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: When analyzing daily current affairs, it&#8217;s essential to cross-reference information from multiple sources to ensure accuracy. Additionally, consider the source&#8217;s credibility and bias, if any. Develop the ability to identify the main points and implications of news stories, and critically evaluate the significance and impact of the events reported.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants, we explore the latest developments that hold relevance for the upcoming civil services<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":33157,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[265],"tags":[160,161,232,140],"class_list":["post-33154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs-upsc","tag-upsc","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33154"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33170,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33154\/revisions\/33170"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33157"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}