{"id":34096,"date":"2024-03-13T09:43:18","date_gmt":"2024-03-13T09:43:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=34096"},"modified":"2024-03-13T09:43:21","modified_gmt":"2024-03-13T09:43:21","slug":"human-development-index-hdi-upsc-economy-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/human-development-index-hdi-upsc-economy-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Human Development Index (HDI) &#8211; UPSC Economy Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-economy?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Blog+Economy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/17.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/17-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/17-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The UN Human Development Index (HDI) was introduced in 1990 by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq, with assistance from Amartya Sen. Since 1993, it has been a key component of the United Nations Development Programme&#8217;s annual report. The HDI evaluates a country&#8217;s average achievements in three fundamental dimensions of human development:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Health and Longevity:<\/strong><ul><li>This is assessed through life expectancy at birth, indicating the average number of years a person is expected to live.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Education:<\/strong><ul><li>This dimension is evaluated based on adult literacy rates and the combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary, and tertiary education.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Standard of Living:<\/strong><ul><li>This is measured using Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita at purchasing power parity (PPP) in US Dollars, reflecting the average income and purchasing power of the population.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>UN member states are ranked and listed annually according to these HDI measures. In 2010, the Human Development Report introduced the Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI). This index takes into account inequalities in the three fundamental dimensions of human development (income, life expectancy, and education) and adjusts the HDI accordingly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As of the 2018 HDI rankings, India was positioned at 130 out of 189 countries. Over the period from 1990 to 2017, India&#8217;s HDI value saw a substantial increase from 0.427 to 0.640, representing a growth of nearly 50 percent. This indicates India&#8217;s noteworthy progress in lifting millions of people out of poverty. During the same period, India also experienced significant advancements in life expectancy and expected years of schooling. In 2023, <strong>India ranked 132 out of 191 countries in the UNDP&#8217;s Human Development Index<\/strong>. This score is close to the world average of 0.465. However, India&#8217;s rank has gone down from 132nd to 134th position when adjusted for inequality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e260ecac306\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e260ecac306\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/human-development-index-hdi-upsc-economy-notes\/#FAQs\" title=\"FAQs\">FAQs<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/human-development-index-hdi-upsc-economy-notes\/#Q_What_is_the_Human_Development_Index_HDI\" title=\"Q: What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?\">Q: What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/human-development-index-hdi-upsc-economy-notes\/#Q_How_is_the_Human_Development_Index_calculated\" title=\"Q: How is the Human Development Index calculated?\">Q: How is the Human Development Index calculated?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/human-development-index-hdi-upsc-economy-notes\/#Q_What_are_the_benefits_of_using_the_Human_Development_Index\" title=\"Q: What are the benefits of using the Human Development Index?\">Q: What are the benefits of using the Human Development Index?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/human-development-index-hdi-upsc-economy-notes\/#Q_What_are_the_limitations_of_the_Human_Development_Index\" title=\"Q: What are the limitations of the Human Development Index?\">Q: What are the limitations of the Human Development Index?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/human-development-index-hdi-upsc-economy-notes\/#Q_How_often_is_the_Human_Development_Index_updated\" title=\"Q: How often is the Human Development Index updated?\">Q: How often is the Human Development Index updated?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/human-development-index-hdi-upsc-economy-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/human-development-index-hdi-upsc-economy-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs\"><\/span>FAQs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_is_the_Human_Development_Index_HDI\"><\/span>Q: <strong>What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic developed by the United Nations to assess and rank countries based on their level of human development. It takes into account factors such as life expectancy, education, and per capita income to provide a comprehensive measure of overall well-being.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_How_is_the_Human_Development_Index_calculated\"><\/span>Q: <strong>How is the Human Development Index calculated?<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The HDI is calculated by combining indicators of life expectancy, education, and per capita income. Life expectancy is measured by the average number of years a person is expected to live at birth, education is measured by the average number of years of schooling received by adults aged 25 years and older, and per capita income is adjusted for purchasing power parity (PPP) to account for differences in cost of living between countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_the_benefits_of_using_the_Human_Development_Index\"><\/span>Q: <strong>What are the benefits of using the Human Development Index?<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The HDI offers a more holistic approach to assessing a country&#8217;s development compared to traditional economic measures like Gross Domestic Product (GDP). By incorporating factors such as health and education, it provides a more comprehensive understanding of the well-being of a population. Additionally, the HDI allows for international comparisons and tracking progress over time, making it a valuable tool for policymakers and researchers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_the_limitations_of_the_Human_Development_Index\"><\/span>Q: <strong>What are the limitations of the Human Development Index?<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: While the HDI provides valuable insights into human development, it has its limitations. For instance, it does not capture inequalities within countries, such as disparities in income distribution or access to education and healthcare. Additionally, it relies on aggregated data, which may overlook variations within populations. Moreover, the HDI&#8217;s focus on specific indicators may not fully capture other aspects of development, such as political freedom or environmental sustainability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_How_often_is_the_Human_Development_Index_updated\"><\/span>Q: <strong>How often is the Human Development Index updated?<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The Human Development Index is updated annually by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in its Human Development Report. This report provides the latest data on HDI rankings and trends, allowing policymakers, researchers, and the public to monitor changes in human development indicators over time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1. 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Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The UN Human Development Index (HDI) was introduced in 1990 by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq, with assistance from Amartya Sen<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":34098,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[209],"tags":[235,2624,232,213,140],"class_list":["post-34096","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economy-notes","tag-economy-notes","tag-human-development-index","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34096","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34096"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34096\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34099,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34096\/revisions\/34099"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34098"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34096"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34096"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34096"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}