{"id":3607,"date":"2023-09-24T12:35:30","date_gmt":"2023-09-24T12:35:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=3607"},"modified":"2024-07-04T05:28:53","modified_gmt":"2024-07-04T05:28:53","slug":"upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Mains Question Paper \u2013 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-cse-gs-integrated-course?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Integrated\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Practicing with previous year&#8217;s UPSC question papers is a highly recommended strategy to understand the nature of the exam. Solving authentic IAS question paper will give you a true sense of the pattern and style of questions that will be asked on the UPSC exam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Once the recruitment process is complete, the conducting body releases official UPSC previous year question papers PDFs along with their answer keys. It is crucial for IAS exam candidates to focus on solving and answering these questions to grasp the level of difficulty of the examination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This article presents the previous year&#8217;s UPSC mains question paper of 2018. Doing well on these paper will boost a candidate&#8217;s confidence and assist them in identifying the most important topics from the civil services exam perspective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69fe083c94a50\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69fe083c94a50\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#UPSC_Mains_General_Studies_Paper_%E2%80%93_1_Mains_2018\" title=\"UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 1 Mains 2018\">UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 1 Mains 2018<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#UPSC_Mains_General_Studies_Paper_%E2%80%93_2_Mains_2018\" title=\"UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 2 Mains 2018\">UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 2 Mains 2018<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#UPSC_Mains_General_Studies_Paper_%E2%80%93_3_Mains_2018\" title=\"UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 3 Mains 2018\">UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 3 Mains 2018<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#UPSC_Mains_General_Studies_Paper_%E2%80%93_4_Mains_2018\" title=\"UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 4 Mains 2018\">UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 4 Mains 2018<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#SECTION_A\" title=\"SECTION A\">SECTION A<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#SECTION_B\" title=\"SECTION B\">SECTION B<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#1_Q_What_was_the_structure_of_the_UPSC_Mains_Civil_Services_IAS_Question_Paper_in_2018\" title=\"1. Q: What was the structure of the UPSC Mains Civil Services IAS Question Paper in 2018?\">1. Q: What was the structure of the UPSC Mains Civil Services IAS Question Paper in 2018?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#2_Q_How_important_is_time_management_during_the_UPSC_Mains_examination\" title=\"2. Q: How important is time management during the UPSC Mains examination?\">2. Q: How important is time management during the UPSC Mains examination?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#3_Q_Were_there_any_changes_in_the_pattern_or_syllabus_for_the_UPSC_Mains_exam_in_2018_compared_to_previous_years\" title=\"3. Q: Were there any changes in the pattern or syllabus for the UPSC Mains exam in 2018 compared to previous years?\">3. Q: Were there any changes in the pattern or syllabus for the UPSC Mains exam in 2018 compared to previous years?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#4_Q_How_important_is_answer_presentation_in_the_UPSC_Mains_examination\" title=\"4. Q: How important is answer presentation in the UPSC Mains examination?\">4. Q: How important is answer presentation in the UPSC Mains examination?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#5_Q_Can_you_provide_insights_into_the_types_of_questions_asked_in_the_Optional_papers_during_UPSC_Mains_2018\" title=\"5. Q: Can you provide insights into the types of questions asked in the Optional papers during UPSC Mains 2018?\">5. Q: Can you provide insights into the types of questions asked in the Optional papers during UPSC Mains 2018?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#To_get_free_counselingsupport_on_UPSC_preparation_from_expert_mentors_please_call_9773890604\" title=\"To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604\">To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-mains-civil-services-ias-exam-question-paper-2018\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_Here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 Here\">Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 Here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Mains_General_Studies_Paper_%E2%80%93_1_Mains_2018\"><\/span>UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 1 Mains 2018<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/safeguarding-the-indian-art-heritage-is-the-need-of-the-moment-comment-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. Safeguarding the Indian art heritage is the need of the moment. Discuss. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/assess-the-importance-of-the-accounts-of-the-chinese-and-arab-travelers-in-the-reconstruction-of-the-history-of-india-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2. Assess the importance of the accounts of the Chinese and Arab travellers in the reconstruction of the history of India. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/throw-light-on-the-significance-of-the-thoughts-of-mahatma-gandhi-in-the-present-times-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3. Throw light on the significance of thoughts of Mahatma Gandhi in the present times. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/why-is-the-indian-regional-navigational-satellite-system-irnss-needed-how-does-it-help-in-navigation-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4. Why is Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) needed? How does it help in navigation? (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/why-is-india-taking-keen-interest-in-the-arctic-region-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5. Why is India taking keen interest in resources of Arctic region? (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/define-mantle-plume-and-explain-its-role-in-plate-tectonics-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">6. Define mantle plume and explain its role in plate tectonics. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-are-the-consequences-of-spreading-dead-zones-on-marine-ecosystems-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">7. What are the consequences of spreading of \u2018Dead Zones\u2019 on marine ecosystems? (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/caste-system-is-assuming-new-identities-and-associational-forms-hence-caste-system-cannot-be-eradicated-in-india-comment-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">8. \u201cCaste system is assuming new identities and associational forms. Hence, caste system cannot be eradicated in India\u201d. Comment. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/despite-the-implementation-of-various-programs-for-eradication-of-poverty-by-the-government-in-india-poverty-is-still-existing-explain-by-giving-reasons-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">9. \u2018Despite implementation of various programmes for eradication of poverty by the government in India, poverty is still existing\u2019. Explain by giving reasons. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-is-the-indian-concept-of-secularism-different-from-the-western-model-of-secularism-discuss-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10. How the Indian concept of secularism is different from the western model of secularism? Discuss. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/the-bhakti-movement-received-a-remarkable-re-orientation-with-the-advent-of-sri-chaitanya-mahaprabhu-discuss-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">11. The Bhakti movement received a remarkable re-orientation with the advent of Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu. Discuss. (Answer in 250 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/discuss-whether-the-formation-of-new-states-in-recent-times-is-beneficial-or-not-for-the-economy-of-india-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">12. Discuss whether formation of new states in recent times is beneficial or not for the economy of India? (Answer in 250 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/why-was-indentured-labor-taken-by-the-british-from-india-to-their-colonies-have-they-been-able-to-preserve-their-cultural-identity-over-there-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">13. Why indentured labour was taken by British from India to other colonies? Have they been able to preserve their cultural identity over there? (Answer in 250 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/the-ideal-solution-to-depleting-groundwater-resources-in-india-is-a-water-harvesting-system-how-can-it-be-made-effective-in-urban-areas-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">14. \u201cThe ideal solution of depleting ground water resources in India is water harvesting system\u201d. How can it be made effective in urban areas? (Answer in 250 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/defining-blue-revolution-explain-the-problems-and-strategies-for-pisciculture-development-in-india-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">15. Defining blue revolution, explain the problems and strategies for pisciculture development in India. (Answer in 250 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-is-the-significance-of-industrial-corridors-in-india-identifying-industrial-corridors-and-explain-their-main-characteristics-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">16. What is the significance of Industrial Corridors in India? Identifying industrial corridors, explain their main characteristics. (Answer in 250 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/mention-core-strategies-for-the-transformation-of-aspirational-districts-in-india-and-explain-the-nature-of-convergence-collaboration-and-competition-for-its-success-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">17. Mention core strategies for the transformation of aspirational districts in India &amp; explain the nature of convergence, collaboration &amp; Competition for its success. (Answer in 250 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/womens-movement-in-india-has-not-addressed-the-issues-of-women-of-lower-social-strata-substantiate-your-view-15-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">18. \u2018Women\u2019s movement in India has not addressed the issues of women of lower social strata.\u2019 Substantiate your view. (Answer in 250 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/globalization-is-generally-said-to-promote-cultural-homogenization-but-due-to-these-cultural-specificities-appear-to-be-strengthened-in-indian-society-elucidate-15-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">19. \u2018Globalization is generally said to promote cultural homogenization but due to this cultural specificities appear to be strengthened in the Indian Society.\u2019 Elucidate. (Answer in 250 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/communalism-arises-either-due-to-power-struggle-or-relative-deprivation-argue-by-giving-suitable-illustrations-15-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">20. \u2018Communalism arises either due to power struggle or relative deprivation\u2019. Argue by giving suitable illustrations. (Answer in 250 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-gs-advance-and-mentorship-program-ampcsat?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Link&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Advanced\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43397 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Attempt-our-Daily-Weekly-Current-Affairs-Quiz-now-8-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Mains_General_Studies_Paper_%E2%80%93_2_Mains_2018\"><\/span>UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 2 Mains 2018<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/in-the-light-of-recent-controversy-regarding-the-use-of-electronic-voting-machines-evm-what-are-the-challenges-before-the-election-commission-of-india-to-ensure-the-trustworthiness-of-elections-in\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. In the light of recent controversy regarding the use of Electronic Voting Machine (EVM), what are the challenges before the Election Commission of India to ensure the trustworthiness of elections in India? (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/whether-the-national-commission-for-scheduled-castes-ncsc-can-enforce-the-implementation-of-constitutional-reservation-for-the-scheduled-castes-in-the-religious-minority-institutions-examine-10-m\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2. Whether National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) can enforce the implementation of constitutional reservation for the Scheduled Castes in the religious minority institutions? Examine. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/under-what-circumstances-can-the-financial-emergency-be-proclaimed-by-the-president-of-india-what-consequences-follow-when-such-a-declaration-remains-in-force-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3. Under what circumstances can the Financial Emergency be proclaimed by the President of India? What consequences follow when such a declaration remain in force? (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/why-do-you-think-the-committees-are-considered-to-be-useful-for-parliamentary-work-discuss-in-this-context-the-role-of-the-estimates-committee-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4. Why do you think the committees are considered to be useful for parliamentary work? Discuss, in this context, the role of the Estimates Committee. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/the-comptroller-and-auditor-general-cag-has-a-very-vital-role-to-play-explain-how-this-is-reflected-in-the-method-and-terms-of-his-appointment-as-well-as-the-range-of-powers-he-can-exercise-10-marks-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5. \u201cThe Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) has a very vital role to play.\u201d Explain how this is reflected in the method and terms of his appointment as well as the range of powers he can exercise. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/policy-contradictions-among-various-competing-sectors-and-stakeholders-have-resulted-in-inadequate-protection-and-prevention-of-degradation-to-the-environment-comment-with-relevant-illustrations-10-ma\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">6. \u201cPolicy Contradictions among various competing sectors and stakeholders have resulted in inadequate \u2018protection and prevention of degradation\u2019 to environment.\u201d Comment with relevant illustrations. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/appropriate-local-community-level-healthcare-intervention-is-a-prerequisite-to-achieving-health-for-all-in-india-explain-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">7. Appropriate local community-level healthcare intervention is a prerequisite to achieve \u2018Health for All\u2019 in India. Explain. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/e-governance-is-not-only-about-utilization-of-the-power-of-new-technology-but-also-much-about-the-critical-importance-of-the-use-value-of-information-explain-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">8. E-governance is not only about utilization of the power of new technology, but also much about critical importance of the \u2018use value\u2019 of information. Explain. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/indias-relations-with-israel-have-of-late-acquired-a-depth-and-diversity-which-cannot-be-rolled-back-discuss-10-marks-150-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">9. \u201cIndia\u2019s relations with Israel have, of late, acquired a depth and diversity, which cannot be rolled back.\u201d Discuss. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/a-number-of-outside-powers-have-entrenched-themselves-in-central-asia-which-is-a-zone-of-interest-to-india-discuss-the-implications-in-this-context-of-indias-joining-the-ashgabat-agreement-2018-10-mar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10. A number of outside powers have entrenched themselves in Central Asia, which is a zone of interest to India. Discuss the implications, in this context, of India\u2019s joining the Ashgabat Agreement, 2018. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/whether-the-supreme-court-judgement-can-settle-the-political-tussle-between-the-lt-governor-and-elected-government-of-delhi-examine-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">11. Whether the Supreme Court Judgment (July 2018) can settle the political tussle between the Lt. Governor and elected government of Delhi? Examine. (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-far-do-you-agree-with-the-view-that-tribunals-curtail-the-jurisdiction-of-ordinary-courts-in-view-of-the-above-discuss-the-constitutional-validity-and-competency-of-the-tribunals-in-india-15-m\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">12. How far do you agree with the view that tribunals curtail the jurisdiction of ordinary courts? In view of the above, discuss the constitutional validity and competency of the tribunals in India? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/india-and-the-usa-are-two-large-democracies-examine-the-basic-tenets-on-which-the-two-political-systems-are-based-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">13. India and USA are the two large democracies. Examine the basic tenets on which the two political systems are based. (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-is-the-finance-commission-of-india-constituted-what-do-you-know-about-the-terms-of-reference-of-the-recently-constituted-finance-commission-discuss-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">14. How is the Finance Commission of India constituted? What do you know about the terms of reference of the recently constituted Finance Commission? Discuss. (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/assess-the-importance-of-the-panchayat-system-in-india-as-a-part-of-local-government-apart-from-government-grants-what-sources-can-the-panchayats-look-out-for-financing-developmental-projects-15-m\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">15. Assess the importance of the Panchayat system in India as a part of local government. Apart from government grants, what sources the Panchayats can look out for financing development projects? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/multiplicity-of-various-commissions-for-the-vulnerable-sections-of-the-society-leads-to-problems-of-overlapping-jurisdiction-and-duplication-of-functions-is-it-better-to-merge-all-commissions-into-an\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">16. Multiplicity of various commissions for the vulnerable sections of the society leads to problems of overlapping jurisdiction &amp; duplication of functions. Is it better to merge all commissions into an umbrella human rights commission? Argue your case. (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-far-do-you-agree-with-the-view-that-the-focus-on-lack-of-availability-of-food-as-the-main-cause-of-hunger-takes-the-attention-away-from-ineffective-human-development-policies-in-india-15-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">17. How far do you agree with the view that the focus on lack of availability of food as the main cause of hunger takes the attention away from ineffective human development policies in India? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/the-citizens-charter-is-an-ideal-instrument-of-organisational-transparency-and-accountability-but-it-has-its-own-limitations-identify-the-limitations-and-suggest-measures-for-greater-effect\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">18. The Citizens\u2019 Charter is an ideal instrument of organizational transparency and accountability, but it has its own limitations. Identify the limitations and suggest measures for greater effectiveness of the Citizens\u2019 Charter. (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-are-the-key-areas-of-reform-if-the-wto-has-to-survive-in-the-present-context-of-trade-war-especially-keeping-in-mind-the-interest-of-india-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">19. What are the key areas of reform if the WTO has to survive in the present context of \u2018Trade War\u2019, especially keeping in mind the interest of India? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/in-what-ways-would-the-ongoing-us-iran-nuclear-pact-controversy-affect-the-national-interest-of-india-how-should-india-respond-to-its-situation-15-marks-250-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">20. In what ways would the ongoing U.S-Iran Nuclear Pact Controversy affect the national interest of India? How should India respond to this situation? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-prelims-support-program-with-test-series?type=classroom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GS-Foundation-Course-for-UPSC-1280-x-300-px-1-1024x300.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46623 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/300;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Mains_General_Studies_Paper_%E2%80%93_3_Mains_2018\"><\/span>UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 3 Mains 2018<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/access-to-affordable-reliable-sustainable-and-modern-energy-is-the-sine-qua-non-to-achieve-sustainable-development-goals-sdgs-comment-on-the-progress-made-in-india-in-this-regar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. \u201cAccess to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy is the sine qua non to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).\u201d Comment on the progress made in India in this regard. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/comment-on-the-important-changes-introduced-in-respect-of-the-long-term-capital-gains-tax-lcgt-and-dividend-distribution-tax-ddt-in-the-union-budget-for-2018-2019-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2. Comment on the important changes introduced in respect of the Long Term Capital Gains Tax (LTCGT) and Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT) in the Union Budget for 2018-2019. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-do-you-mean-by-minimum-support-price-msp-how-will-msp-rescue-the-farmers-from-the-low-income-trap-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3. What do you mean by Minimum Support Price (MSP)? How will MSP rescue the farmers from the low income trap? (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/examine-the-role-of-supermarkets-in-supply-chain-management-of-fruits-vegetables-and-food-items-how-do-they-eliminate-the-number-of-intermediaries-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4. Examine the role of supermarkets in supply chain management of fruits, vegetables, and food items. How do they eliminate number of intermediaries? (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/discuss-the-work-of-bose-einstein-statistics-done-by-prof-satyendra-nath-bose-and-show-how-it-revolutionized-the-field-of-physics-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5. Discuss the work of \u2018Bose-Einstein Statistics\u2019 done by Prof. Satyendra Nath Bose and show how it revolutionized the field of Physics. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-are-the-impediments-in-disposing-of-the-huge-quantities-of-discarded-solid-wastes-which-are-continuously-being-generated-how-do-we-safely-remove-the-toxic-wastes-that-have-been-accumulating-in-o\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">6. What are the impediments disposing the huge quantities of discarded solid waste which are continuously being generated? How do we remove safely the toxic wastes that have been accumulated in our habitable environment? (Answer in 150 Words) 10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-is-wetland-explain-the-ramsar-concept-of-wise-use-in-the-context-of-wetland-conservation-cite-two-examples-of-ramsar-sites-from-india-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">7. What is wetland? Explain the Ramsar concept of \u2018wise use\u2019 in the context of wetland conservation. Cite two examples of Ramsar sites from India. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/sikkim-is-the-first-organic-state-in-india-what-are-the-ecological-and-economic-benefits-of-organic-state-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">8. Sikkim is the first \u2018Organic State\u2019 in India. What are the ecological and economical benefits of Organic State? (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/the-china-pakistan-economic-corridor-cpec-is-viewed-as-a-cardinal-subset-of-chinas-larger-one-belt-one-road-initiative-give-a-brief-description-of-cpec-and-enumerate-the\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">9. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is viewed as a cardinal subset of China\u2019s larger \u2018One Belt One Road\u2019 initiative. Give a brief description of CPEC and enumerate the reasons why India has distanced itself from the same. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/left-wing-extremism-lwe-is-showing-a-downward-trend-but-still-affects-many-parts-of-the-country-briefly-explain-the-government-of-indias-approach-to-counter-the-challenges-posed-by-lwe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10. Left Wing Extremism (LWE) is showing a downward trend, but still affects many parts of the country. Briefly explain the Government of India\u2019s approach to counter the challenges posed by LWE. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-are-the-principles-followed-by-niti-aayog-different-from-those-followed-by-the-erstwhile-planning-commission-in-india-250-words-15-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">11. How are principles followed by the NITI Aayog different from those followed by erstwhile Planning Commission in India? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-would-the-recent-phenomena-of-protectionism-and-currency-manipulations-in-world-trade-affect-the-macroeconomic-stability-of-india-250-words-15-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">12. How would the recent phenomena of protectionism and currency manipulations in world trade affect macroeconomic stability of India? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/assess-the-role-of-the-national-horticulture-mission-nhm-in-boosting-the-production-productivity-and-income-of-horticulture-farms-how-far-has-it-succeeded-in-increasing-the-income-of-farmers-25\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">13. Assess the role of National Horticulture Mission (NHM) in boosting the production, productivity and income of horticulture farms. How far has it succeeded in increasing the income of farmers? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-has-the-emphasis-on-certain-crops-brought-about-changes-in-cropping-patterns-in-recent-past-elaborate-the-emphasis-on-millets-production-and-consumption-250-words-15-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">14. How has the emphasis on certain crops brought about changes in cropping patterns in recent past? Elaborate the emphasis on millets production and consumption. (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/why-is-there-so-much-activity-in-the-field-of-biotechnology-in-our-country-how-has-this-activity-benefitted-the-field-of-biopharma-250-words-15-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">15. Why is there so much activity in the field of biotechnology in our country? How has this activity benefitted the field of biopharma? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/with-growing-energy-needs-should-india-keep-on-expanding-its-nuclear-energy-programme-discuss-the-facts-and-fears-associated-with-nuclear-energy-250-words-15-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">16. With growing energy needs should India keep on expanding its nuclear energy programme? Discuss the facts and fears associated with nuclear energy? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/how-does-biodiversity-vary-in-india-how-is-the-biological-diversity-act2002-helpful-in-the-conservation-of-flora-and-fauna-250-words-15-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">17. How does biodiversity vary in India? How is the Biological Diversity Act, 2002 helpful in conservation of flora and fauna? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/describe-various-measures-taken-in-india-for-disaster-risk-reduction-drr-before-and-after-signing-sendai-framework-for-drr-2015-2030-how-is-this-framework-different-from-the\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">18. Describe various measures taken in India for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) before and after signing \u2018Sendai Framework for DRR (2015-30)\u2019. How is this framework different from \u2018Hyogo Framework for Action, 2005\u2019? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/data-security-has-assumed-significant-importance-in-the-digitized-world-due-to-rising-cyber-crimes-the-justice-b-n-srikrishna-committee-report-addresses-issues-related-to-data-security-what-in-yo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">19. Data security has assumed significant importance in the digitized world due to rising cyber crimes. The Justice B.N. Srikrishna Committee Report addresses issues related to data security. What, in your view, are the strengths and weaknesses of the Report relating to protection of personal data in cyber space? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/indias-proximity-to-two-of-the-worlds-biggest-illicit-opium-growing-states-has-enhanced-her-internal-security-concerns-explain-the-linkages-between-drug-trafficking-and-other-illici\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">20. India\u2019s proximity to the two of the world\u2019s biggest illicit opium growing states has enhanced her internal security concerns. Explain the linkages between drug trafficking and other illicit activities such as gunrunning, money laundering and human trafficking. What counter measures should be taken to prevent the same? (Answer in 250 Words) (15 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/ethics-modular-course-upsc-cse-mains-2022\">Join our Ethics Video Course<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-prelims-support-program-with-test-series\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"300\" data-id=\"47045\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/bannner-1600-x-1600-2400-x-1392-px-1280-x-300-px-1024x300.png\" alt=\"PSP 2025\" class=\"wp-image-47045 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/300;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Mains_General_Studies_Paper_%E2%80%93_4_Mains_2018\"><\/span>UPSC Mains General Studies Paper \u2013 4 Mains 2018<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SECTION_A\"><\/span>SECTION A<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/state-the-three-basic-values-universal-in-nature-in-the-context-of-civil-services-and-bring-out-their-importance-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. (a) State the three basic values, universal in nature, in the context of civil services and bring out their importance. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/distinguish-between-code-of-ethics-and-code-of-conduct-with-suitable-examples-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. (b) Distinguish between \u201cCode of ethics\u201d and \u201cCode of conduct\u201d with suitable examples. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-is-meant-by-public-interest-what-are-the-principles-and-procedures-to-be-followed-by-civil-servants-in-the-public-interest-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2. (a) What is meant by public interest? What are the principles and procedures to be followed by civil servants in public interest? (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/the-right-to-information-act-is-not-all-about-citizens-empowerment-alone-it-essentially-redefines-the-concept-of-accountability-discuss-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2. (b) \u201cThe Right to Information Act is not all about citizens\u2019 empowerment alone, it essentially redefines the concept of accountability.\u201d Discuss (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-is-meant-by-conflict-of-interest-illustrate-with-examples-the-difference-between-the-actual-and-potential-conflicts-of-interest-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3. (a) What is meant by conflict of interest? Illustrate with examples, the difference between the actual and potential conflicts of interest. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/in-looking-for-people-to-hire-you-look-for-three-qualities-integrity-intelligence-and-energy-and-if-they-do-not-have-the-first-the-other-two-will-kill-you-warren-buffett-what-do-you-understand-by-this\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3. (b) \u201cIn looking for people to hire, you look for three qualities: integrity, intelligence and energy. And if they do not have the first, the other two will kill you.\u201d \u2014Warren Buffet What do you understand by this statement in the present-day scenario? Explain. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/in-doing-a-good-thing-everything-is-permitted-which-is-not-prohibited-expressly-or-by-clear-implication-examine-the-statement-with-suitable-examples-in-the-context-of-a-public-serv\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4. (a) \u201cIn doing a good thing, everything is permitted which is not prohibited expressly or by clear implication.\u201d Examine the statement with suitable examples in the context of a public servant discharging his\/her duties. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/about-the-morality-of-actions-one-view-is-that-means-is-of-paramount-importance-and-the-other-view-is-that-the-ends-justify-the-means-which-view-do-you-think-is-more-appropriate-justify-your-answer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4. (b) With regard to morality of actions, one view is that means are of paramount importance and the other view is that the ends justify the means. Which view do you think is more appropriate? Justify your answer. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/suppose-the-government-of-india-is-thinking-of-constructing-a-dam-in-a-mountain-valley-bound-by-forests-and-inhabited-by-ethnic-communities-what-rational-policy-should-it-resort-to-in-dealing-with-un\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5. (a) Suppose the Government of India is thinking of constructing a dam in a mountain valley bound by forests and inhabited by ethnic communities. What rational policy should it resort to in dealing with unforeseen contingencies? (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/explain-the-process-of-resolving-ethical-dilemmas-in-public-administration-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5. (b) Explain the process of resolving ethical dilemmas in Public Administration. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. What do each of the following quotations means to you in the present context?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-does-the-following-quotation-mean-to-you-in-the-present-context-the-true-rule-in-determining-to-embrace-or-reject-anything-is-not-whether-it-has-any-evil-in-it-but-whether-it-has-mo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(a) <strong>\u201cThe true rule, in determining to embrace, or reject any thing, is not whether it has any evil in it; but whether it has more evil than good. There are few things wholly evil or wholly good. Almost every thing, especially of government policy, is an inseparable compound of the two; so that our best judgment of the preponderance between them is continually demanded.\u201d<\/strong> \u2013 Abraham Lincoln. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-does-the-following-quotation-mean-to-you-in-the-present-context-anger-and-intolerance-are-the-enemies-of-correct-understanding-mahatma-gandhi-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(b) <strong>\u201cAnger and intolerance are the enemies of correct understanding.\u201d<\/strong> \u2013 Mahatma Gandhi. (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/what-does-the-following-quotation-mean-to-you-in-the-present-context-falsehood-takes-the-place-of-truth-when-it-results-in-unblemished-common-good-tirukkural-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(c) <strong>\u201cFalsehood takes the place of truth when it results in unblemished common good.\u201d<\/strong> \u2013 Tirukkural (Answer in 150 Words) (10 Marks)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SECTION_B\"><\/span>SECTION B<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/case-study-no-1-upsc-mains-solved-paper-gs-4-2018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">7. Rakesh is a responsible district level officer, who enjoys the trust of his higher officials. Knowing his honesty, the government entrusted him with the responsibility of identifying the beneficiaries under a health care scheme meant for senior citizens.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The criteria to be a beneficiary are the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>(a) 60 years of age or above.<\/li><li>(b) Belonging to a reserved community.<\/li><li>(c) Family income of less than 1 Lakh rupees per annum.<\/li><li>(d) Post-treatment prognosis is likely to be high to make a positive difference to the quality of life of the beneficiary.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>One day, an old couple visited Rakesh\u2019s office with their application. They have been the residents of a village in his district since their birth. The old man is diagnosed with a rare condition that causes obstruction in the large intestine. As a consequence, he has severe abdominal pain frequently that prevents him from doing any physical labour. The couple has no children to support them. The expert surgeon whom they contacted is willing to do the surgery without charging any fee. However, the couple will have to bear the cost of incidental charges, such as medicines, hospitalization, etc., to the tune of rupees one lakh. The couple fulfils all the criteria except criterion \u2018b\u2019. However, any financial aid would certainly make a significant difference in their quality of life. How should Rakesh respond to the situation? (Answer in 250 Words) (20 Marks)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/case-study-no-2-upsc-mains-solved-paper-gs-4-2018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">8. As a senior officer in the Ministry, you have access to important policy decisions and upcoming big announcements such as road construction projects before they are notified in the public domain. The Ministry is about to announce a mega road project for which the drawings are already in place. Sufficient care was taken by the planners to make use of the government land with the minimum land acquisition from private parties. Compensation rate for private parties was also finalized as per government rules. Care was also taken to minimize deforestation. Once the project is announced, it is expected that there will be a huge spurt in real estate prices in and around that area. <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Meanwhile, the Minister concerned insists that you realign the road in such a way that it comes closer to his 20 acres farmhouse. He also suggests that he would facilitate the purchase of a big plot of land in your wife name at the prevailing rate which is very nominal, in and around the proposed mega road project. He also tries to convince you by saying that there is no harm in it as he is buying the land legally. He even promises to supplement your savings in case you do not have sufficient funds to buy the land. However, by the act of realignment, a lot of agricultural lands has to be acquired, thereby causing a considerable financial burden on the government, and also the displacement of the farmers. As if this is not enough, it will involve cutting down of a large number of trees denuding the area of its green cover. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Faced with this situation, what will you do? Critically examine various conflicts of interest and explain what your responsibilities are as a public servant. (Answer in 250 Words) (20 Marks)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/case-study-no-3-upsc-mains-solved-paper-gs-4-2018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">9. It is a State where prohibition is in force. You are recently appointed as the Super-intendent of Police of a district notorious for illicit distillation of liquor. The illicit liquor leads to many death, reported and unreported, and causes a major problem for the district authorities. <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The approach till now had been to view it as a law and order problem and tackle it accordingly. Raids, arrest, police cases, and criminal trials \u2013 all these had only limited impact. The problem remains as serious as ever.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Your inspections show that the parts of the district where the distillation flourishes are economically, industrially and educationally backward. Agriculture is badly affected by poor irrigation facilities. Frequent clashes among communities gave boost to illicit distillation. No major initiatives had taken place in the past either from the government\u2019s side or from social organizations to improve the lot of the people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Which new approach will you adopt to bring the problem under control? (Answer in 250 Words) (20 Marks)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/case-study-no-4-upsc-mains-solved-paper-gs-4-2018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10. A big corporate house is engaged in manufacturing industrial chemicals on a large scale. It proposes to set up an additional unit. Many states rejected its proposal due to the detrimental effect on the environment. But one state government acceded to the request and permitted the unit close to a city, brushing aside all opposition.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The unit was set up 10 years ago and was in full swing till recently. The pollution caused by the industrial effluents was affecting the land, water and crops in the area. It was also causing serious health problems to human beings and animals. This gave rise to a series of agitations demanding the closure of the plant. In a recent agitation thousands of people took part, creating a law and order problem necessitating stern police action. Following the public outcry, the State government ordered the closure of the factory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The closure of the factory resulted in the unemployment of not only those workers who were engaged in the factory but also those who were working in the ancillary units. It also very badly affected those industry which depended on the chemicals manufactured by it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a senior officer entrusted with the responsibility of handling this issues, how are you going to address it? (Answer in 250 Words) (20 Marks)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/case-study-no-5-upsc-mains-solved-paper-gs-4-2018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">11. Dr X is a leading medical practitioner in a city. He has set up a charitable trust through which he plans to establish a super-speciality hospital in the city to cater to the medical needs of all sections of the society. Incidentally, that part of the State had been neglected over the years. The proposed hospital would be a boon for the region.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You are heading the tax investigation agency of that region. During an inspection of the doctor\u2019s clinic, your officers have found out some major irregularities. A few of them are substantial which had resulted in considerable withholding of tax that should be paid by him now. The doctor is cooperative. He undertakes to pay the tax immediately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, there are certain other deficiencies in his tax compliance which are purely technical in nature. If these technical defaults are pursued by the agency, considerable time and energy of the doctor will be diverted to issues which are not so serious, urgent or even helpful to the tax collection process. Further, in all probability, it will hamper the prospects of the hospital coming up. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are two options before you:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>(1) Taking a broader view, ensure substantial tax compliance and ignore defaults that are merely technical in nature.<\/li><li>(2) Pursue the matter strictly and proceed on all fronts, whether substantial or merely technical.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>As the head of the tax agency, which course of action will you opt and why? (Answer in 250 Words) (20 Marks)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/case-study-no-6-upsc-mains-solved-paper-gs-4-2018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">12. Edward Snowden, a computer expert and former CIA administrator, released confidential Government documents to the press about the existence of Government surveillance programmes. According to many legal experts and the US Government, his action violated the Espionage act of 1971, which identified the leak of State secret as an act of treason. Yet, despite the fact that he broke the law, Snowden argued that he had a moral obligation to act. He gave a justification for his \u201cwhistle blowing\u201d by stating that he had a duty \u201cto inform the public as to that which is done in there name and that which is done against them.\u201d <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Snowden, the Government\u2019s violation of privacy had to be exposed regardless of legality since more substantive issues of social action and public morality were involved here. Many agreed with Snowden. Few argued that he broke the law and compromised national security, for which he should be held accountable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do you agree that Snowden\u2019s actions were ethically justified even if legally prohibited? Why or why not? Make an argument by weighing the competing values in this case. (Answer in 250 Words) (20 Marks)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read our <a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?s=QUESTION+PAPER\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">QUESTION PAPER SERIES.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Q_What_was_the_structure_of_the_UPSC_Mains_Civil_Services_IAS_Question_Paper_in_2018\"><\/span><strong>1. Q: What was the structure of the UPSC Mains Civil Services IAS Question Paper in 2018?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The UPSC Mains 2018 consisted of nine papers, including Essay, four General Studies papers, two Optional papers, and two qualifying language papers. The Essay paper had two sections, and each General Studies paper was for 250 marks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Q_How_important_is_time_management_during_the_UPSC_Mains_examination\"><\/span><strong>2. Q: How important is time management during the UPSC Mains examination?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Time management is crucial during UPSC Mains. With a total of 1750 marks in the written examination, candidates must allocate time wisely for each question. Practicing with previous years&#8217; papers helps in understanding time constraints and aids in effective time distribution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Q_Were_there_any_changes_in_the_pattern_or_syllabus_for_the_UPSC_Mains_exam_in_2018_compared_to_previous_years\"><\/span><strong>3. Q: Were there any changes in the pattern or syllabus for the UPSC Mains exam in 2018 compared to previous years?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: No significant changes were introduced in the pattern or syllabus for the UPSC Mains 2018 exam. The exam retained its traditional structure with nine papers, and the syllabus continued to cover a wide range of topics to assess candidates&#8217; knowledge and analytical abilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Q_How_important_is_answer_presentation_in_the_UPSC_Mains_examination\"><\/span><strong>4. Q: How important is answer presentation in the UPSC Mains examination?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Answer presentation plays a crucial role in scoring well in UPSC Mains. Clear, concise, and well-structured answers are preferred. Candidates should use headings, subheadings, and bullet points to enhance readability. Diagrams, charts, and maps can be included wherever relevant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Q_Can_you_provide_insights_into_the_types_of_questions_asked_in_the_Optional_papers_during_UPSC_Mains_2018\"><\/span><strong>5. Q: Can you provide insights into the types of questions asked in the Optional papers during UPSC Mains 2018?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A: The Optional papers in UPSC Mains 2018 had diverse questions depending on the chosen subject. For instance, in subjects like History or Geography, questions ranged from analytical essays to specific events or locations. It&#8217;s essential for candidates to have a deep understanding of their chosen Optional subject for effective performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"To_get_free_counselingsupport_on_UPSC_preparation_from_expert_mentors_please_call_9773890604\"><\/span><strong>To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Join our Main Telegram Channel and access PYQs, Current Affairs and UPSC&nbsp; Guidance for free \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/li><li>Learn Economy for free-<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/+uq2Jq2ezMHE3ZjA1\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Economy for UPSC<\/a><\/li><li>Mains Answer Writing Practice-<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/+HS9DZh7PTytkNjJl\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mains Answer Writing<\/a><\/li><li>For UPSC Prelims Resources, <a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Click here<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_Here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@EduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Solving authentic IAS question paper will give you a true sense of the pattern and style of questions that will be asked on the UPSC exam.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":3610,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[183,218,163],"tags":[729,142,232,219],"class_list":["post-3607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mains","category-upsc-mains-general-studies-paper-year-wise","category-upsc-previous-year-paper","tag-ias-question-paper","tag-previous_year_questions","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-mains-general-studies-paper-year-wise"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3607","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3607"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3607\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43065,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3607\/revisions\/43065"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}