{"id":36307,"date":"2024-03-30T10:59:24","date_gmt":"2024-03-30T10:59:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=36307"},"modified":"2024-03-30T10:59:25","modified_gmt":"2024-03-30T10:59:25","slug":"special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Special Economic Zones (SEZs) &#8211; UPSC Economy Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-economy?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Blog+Economy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/17.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/17-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/17-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>India&#8217;s recognition of the significance of exports led to the establishment of Asia&#8217;s first Export Processing Zone (EPZ) in Kandla (Gujarat) in 1965. To further this concept, these zones were converted into Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in 2000. The Special Economic Zones Act of 2005 was enacted to promote economic activity, boost exports, attract domestic and foreign investment, generate employment, and develop infrastructure facilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a00ef0138420\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a00ef0138420\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#Types_of_SEZs\" title=\"Types of SEZs:\">Types of SEZs:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#Features_of_SEZs\" title=\"Features of SEZs:\">Features of SEZs:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#Setting_Up_SEZs\" title=\"Setting Up SEZs:\">Setting Up SEZs:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#Performance_and_Impact\" title=\"Performance and Impact:\">Performance and Impact:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#Group_of_Eminent_Persons\" title=\"Group of Eminent Persons:\">Group of Eminent Persons:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#Details_of_NIMZs\" title=\"Details of NIMZs:\">Details of NIMZs:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#Role_of_Central_and_State_Governments\" title=\"Role of Central and State Governments:\">Role of Central and State Governments:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#FAQs_on_Special_Economic_Zones_SEZs\" title=\"FAQs on Special Economic Zones (SEZs)\">FAQs on Special Economic Zones (SEZs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#1_What_is_a_Special_Economic_Zone_SEZ\" title=\"1. What is a Special Economic Zone (SEZ)?\">1. What is a Special Economic Zone (SEZ)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#2_What_are_the_key_features_of_SEZs\" title=\"2. What are the key features of SEZs?\">2. What are the key features of SEZs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#3_How_do_SEZs_benefit_economies\" title=\"3. How do SEZs benefit economies?\">3. How do SEZs benefit economies?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#4_Are_there_different_types_of_SEZs\" title=\"4. Are there different types of SEZs?\">4. Are there different types of SEZs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#5_How_do_SEZs_impact_the_surrounding_regions\" title=\"5. How do SEZs impact the surrounding regions?\">5. How do SEZs impact the surrounding regions?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/special-economic-zones-sezs-upsc-economy-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_SEZs\"><\/span><strong>Types of SEZs:<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The SEZ Act, 2005 classifies SEZs based on the amount of land required:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Multi-sector SEZ (minimum 1000 hectares of land)<\/li><li>Sector-specific SEZ (minimum 100 hectares)<\/li><li>Free Trade and Warehousing Zone (FTWZ) (minimum 40 hectares)<\/li><li>IT\/ITeS\/handicrafts\/biotechnology\/non-conventional energy\/gems and jewelry SEZ (minimum 10 hectares)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Features_of_SEZs\"><\/span><strong>Features of SEZs:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Designated duty-free enclaves treated as a territory outside the customs territory of India<\/li><li>No license required for import<\/li><li>Allowed for manufacturing or service activities<\/li><li>Positive net foreign exchange to be achieved cumulatively for five years from the commencement of production<\/li><li>Freedom for sub-contracting<\/li><li>No routine examination by customs authorities of export or import cargo<\/li><li>Units enjoy direct tax and indirect tax benefits<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Setting_Up_SEZs\"><\/span><strong>Setting Up SEZs:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>SEZs are primarily private investment-driven, and no funds are sanctioned by the Central Government for their setup.<\/li><li>The SEZ Act, 2005 involves state governments in export promotion and infrastructure creation.<\/li><li>The Board of Approval (BoA), constituted by the Central Government, provides a single-window approval mechanism for SEZs.<\/li><li>The SEZ Rules specify different minimum land requirements for various classes of SEZs.<\/li><li>Developers submit proposals for SEZ establishment to the state government or directly to the Board of Approval.<\/li><li>SEZs are headed by a Development Commissioner.<\/li><li>Approximately 225 SEZs were operational by 2019.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Performance_and_Impact\"><\/span><strong>Performance and Impact:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Exports from SEZs reached Rs 3,34,000 crore by 2019.<\/li><li>Employment generation in SEZs was approximately 19.96 lakh persons.<\/li><li>Investments of Rs 4,90,000 crore were made in SEZs.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Group_of_Eminent_Persons\"><\/span><strong>Group of Eminent Persons:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In 2018, the government formed a Group of Eminent Persons chaired by Baba Kalyani to study the SEZ Policy of India.<\/li><li>One of the group&#8217;s terms of reference was to make the SEZ Policy compatible with the World Trade Organization (WTO).<\/li><li>The group submitted its report to the government.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The SEZ policy in India aims to create favorable environments for economic activity, exports, and investment, contributing significantly to the country&#8217;s economic growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>WTO and SEZs:<\/strong> The World Trade Organization (WTO) ruled that India&#8217;s Special Economic Zone (SEZ) Scheme should be closed due to the tax subsidies provided to SEZ units, which were deemed incompatible with WTO rules. WTO rules prohibit middle-income nations from offering market-distorting export subsidies. India, having crossed the income threshold in 2015, was no longer eligible for these subsidies. Export subsidies are permitted for countries with less than $1,000 per capita income to promote fair global trade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>National Investment and Manufacturing Zones (NIMZs):<\/strong> In response to the challenges posed by the WTO ruling on SEZs, the government introduced the concept of National Investment and Manufacturing Zones (NIMZs). The National Manufacturing Policy (NMP) of 2011 aimed to increase the share of manufacturing in GDP to 25% and generate 100 million jobs over a decade. In-principle approval was granted for fourteen NIMZs, including locations in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, and Haryana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Details_of_NIMZs\"><\/span><strong>Details of NIMZs:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>NIMZs aim to address infrastructural bottlenecks inhibiting manufacturing growth.<\/li><li>Developed as greenfield industrial townships with an area of at least 5000 hectares.<\/li><li>Include production units, public utilities, logistics, environmental protection mechanisms, residential areas, and administrative services.<\/li><li>May include SEZs, industrial parks, warehousing zones, Export Oriented Units (EOUs), and Domestic Tariff Area (DTA) units.<\/li><li>Different from SEZs in terms of size, purpose, governance, and federal coordination.<\/li><li>NIMZs may export but are not primarily focused on exports.<\/li><li>Internal infrastructure is provided by a developer, while external linkages are provided by the central and state governments, requiring coordination.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Role_of_Central_and_State_Governments\"><\/span><strong>Role of Central and State Governments:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Central government responsibilities include notifying NIMZs, issuing necessary clearances, and ensuring federal coordination.<\/li><li>State governments play a crucial role in tasks such as selecting and acquiring land, ensuring water and power connectivity, providing infrastructure linkages, and addressing health, safety, and environmental issues.<\/li><li>State governments fund the initial cost of land, state roads connectivity, sewerage and effluent treatment, and other essential functions.<\/li><li>NIMZs function as self-governing and autonomous bodies, declared as Industrial Townships by State Governments under Article 243 Q (c) of the Constitution.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>National Investment and Manufacturing Zones (NIMZs) and Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are distinct concepts in the context of industrial and manufacturing development in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_on_Special_Economic_Zones_SEZs\"><\/span><strong>FAQs on Special Economic Zones (SEZs)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_What_is_a_Special_Economic_Zone_SEZ\"><\/span><strong>1. What is a Special Economic Zone (SEZ)?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a designated area within a country that is subject to unique economic regulations and policies. These zones are established to promote economic growth, attract foreign direct investment (FDI), boost exports, create employment opportunities, and enhance technology transfer.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_What_are_the_key_features_of_SEZs\"><\/span><strong>2. What are the key features of SEZs?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>SEZs typically offer a range of incentives to businesses, including tax breaks, duty-free importation of raw materials and equipment, streamlined customs procedures, simplified regulatory frameworks, and infrastructure support. They operate under distinct rules separate from the rest of the country to foster a business-friendly environment.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_How_do_SEZs_benefit_economies\"><\/span><strong>3. How do SEZs benefit economies?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>SEZs contribute to economic development by attracting investment, spurring industrialization, and fostering innovation. They create employment opportunities, enhance skills development, and facilitate technology transfer. Additionally, SEZs help diversify exports, improve competitiveness, and stimulate overall economic growth.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Are_there_different_types_of_SEZs\"><\/span><strong>4. Are there different types of SEZs?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Yes, SEZs can vary in their focus and objectives. Some SEZs prioritize manufacturing and industrial activities, while others specialize in services such as information technology (IT), biotechnology, or tourism. Additionally, there are free trade zones (FTZs) which have similarities to SEZs but may operate under slightly different regulations and objectives.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_How_do_SEZs_impact_the_surrounding_regions\"><\/span><strong>5. How do SEZs impact the surrounding regions?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>SEZs can have both positive and negative effects on surrounding areas. While they can attract investment and create job opportunities, they may also lead to environmental degradation, increased urbanization, and socio-economic disparities if not managed properly. However, with proper planning and governance, SEZs can serve as catalysts for broader regional development, fostering linkages with local industries and supporting infrastructure development.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-c6ab63ae-7083-4831-b519-cb89dacafb18\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-52c5a91b-6ed6-46e3-b781-7cc0c63a0b76\">For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-d014fe86-d628-49d8-82ce-6c60dc6e7a73\">For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-38177954-e668-4d8d-b250-d0fbd5a09390\">Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-49ca2fe3-109f-4a88-b72e-9df49c3d328e\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-43ccddc1-5348-445f-ab6b-7baaf29fe58d\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@EduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>To further this concept, these zones were converted into Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in 2000. The Special Economic Zones Act of 2005<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":36308,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[209],"tags":[235,1798,232,213,140],"class_list":["post-36307","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economy-notes","tag-economy-notes","tag-special-economic-zones","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36307","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36307"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36307\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36309,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36307\/revisions\/36309"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36308"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36307"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36307"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36307"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}