{"id":36999,"date":"2024-04-06T06:02:45","date_gmt":"2024-04-06T06:02:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=36999"},"modified":"2024-04-06T06:02:45","modified_gmt":"2024-04-06T06:02:45","slug":"economics-optional-subject-upsc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/economics-optional-subject-upsc\/","title":{"rendered":"Economics Optional Subject &#8211; UPSC"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-cse-gs-integrated-course?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Integrated\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In our quest to navigate the complexities of modern governance, understanding economics is not just beneficial, it&#8217;s essential. Choosing Economics as an optional subject for the UPSC Civil Services Exam equips you with a powerful toolkit. This journey delves into the core principles that govern individual decision-making, market behavior, and the broader forces shaping national and global economies. By equipping you to analyze real-world challenges and formulate effective policy solutions, Economics empowers you to become a true agent of positive change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d2f4afc9c74\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d2f4afc9c74\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/economics-optional-subject-upsc\/#Economics_Paper_1\" title=\"Economics Paper 1\">Economics Paper 1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/economics-optional-subject-upsc\/#Economics_Paper_2\" title=\"Economics Paper 2\">Economics Paper 2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/economics-optional-subject-upsc\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/economics-optional-subject-upsc\/#1_What_are_the_benefits_of_choosing_Economics_as_an_optional_subject\" title=\"1. What are the benefits of choosing Economics as an optional subject?\">1. What are the benefits of choosing Economics as an optional subject?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/economics-optional-subject-upsc\/#2_What_are_the_key_areas_to_focus_on_in_Economics_Optional\" title=\"2. What are the key areas to focus on in Economics Optional?\">2. What are the key areas to focus on in Economics Optional?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/economics-optional-subject-upsc\/#3_How_can_I_stay_updated_on_current_economic_issues_relevant_to_the_UPSC_exam\" title=\"3. How can I stay updated on current economic issues relevant to the UPSC exam?\">3. How can I stay updated on current economic issues relevant to the UPSC exam?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/economics-optional-subject-upsc\/#4_What_resources_help_prepare_for_the_Economics_Optional\" title=\"4. What resources help prepare for the Economics Optional?\">4. What resources help prepare for the Economics Optional?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/economics-optional-subject-upsc\/#5_How_can_I_improve_my_answer_writing_for_the_Economics_Optional\" title=\"5. How can I improve my answer writing for the Economics Optional?\">5. How can I improve my answer writing for the Economics Optional?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/economics-optional-subject-upsc\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/economics-optional-subject-upsc\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Economics_Paper_1\"><\/span>Economics Paper 1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Advanced Micro Economics:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Marshallian and Walrasian Approaches to Price determination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Alternative Distribution Theories : Ricardo, Kaldor, Kalecki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) Markets Structure : Monopolistic Competition, Duopoly, Oligopoly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) Modern Welfare Criteria : Pareto Hicks and Scitovsky, Arrow\u2019s Impossibility Theorem, A. K. Sen\u2019s Social Welfare Function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Advance Macro Economics:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Approaches to Employment Income and Interest Rate determination : Classical, Keynes (IS-LM) curve, Neo-classical synthesis and New classical, Theories of Interest Rate determination and Interest Rate Structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Money-Banking and Finance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Demand for and Supply of Money : Money Multiplier Quantity Theory of Money (Fisher, Pigou and Friedman) and Keynes\u2019 Theory on Demand for Money, Goals and Instruments of Monetary Management in Closed and Open Economies. Relation between the Central Bank and the Treasury.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proposal for ceiling on growth rate of money.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Public Finance and its Role in market economy : in stabilization of supply, allocation of resources and in distribution and development. Sources of Government revenue, forms of Taxes and Subsidies, their incidence and effects. Limits to taxation, loans, crowding-out effects and limits to borrowings. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Public expenditure and its effects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. International Economics:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Old and New theories of International Trade. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) Comparative advantage, (ii) Terms of Trade and offer curve. (iii) Product cycle and Strategic trade theories. (iv) Trade as an engine of growth and theories of underdevelopment in an open economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Forms of protection : Tariff and quota. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) Balance of Payments Adjustments : Alternative Approaches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) Price versus income, income adjustments under fixed exchange rates. (ii) Theories of Policy mix. (iii) Exchange rate adjustments under capital mobility. (iv) Floating Rates and their implications for developing Countries: Currency Boards. (v) Trade Policy and Developing Countries. (vi) BOP, adjustments and Policy Coordination in open economy macro-model.<br>(vii) Speculative attacks. (viii) Trade Blocks and Monetary Unions. (ix) WTO: Trims, TRIPS, Domestic Measures, Different Rounds of WTO talks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. Growth and Development:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) (i) Theories of growth : Harrod\u2019s model;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(ii) Lewis model of development with surplus labour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iii) Balanced Unbalanced Growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iv) human capitals and Economic Growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(v) Research and Development and Economic Growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Process of Economic Development of less developed countries: Myrdal and Kuznets on economic development and structural change: Role of Agriculture in Economic Development of less developed countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) Economic Development and International Trade and Investment, Role of Multinationals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) Planning and economic Development: changing role of Markets and Planning, Private-Public Partnership.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(e) Welfare indicators and measures of growth\u2014Human development indices. The basic needs approach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(f) Development and Environmental Sustainability\u2014Renewable and Non Renewable Resources, Environmental Degradation, Intergenerational equity development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Economics_Paper_2\"><\/span>Economics Paper 2<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Indian Economy in Pre-Independence Era:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Land System and its changes, Commercialization of agriculture Drain theory, Laissez faire theory and critique. Manufacture and Transport: Jute, Cotton, Railways, Money and Credit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Indian Economy after Independence:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. The Pre-Liberalization Era : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) Contribution of Vakil, Gadgil and V.K.R.V. Rao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(ii) Agriculture: Land Reforms and land tenure system, Green Revolution and capital formation in agriculture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iii) Industry Trends in composition and growth, Role of public and private sector, Small scale and cottage industries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iv) National and Per capita income : patterns, trends, aggregate and Sectoral composition and changes therein.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(v) Broad factors determining National Income and distribution, Measures of poverty, Trends in poverty and inequality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B. The Post Liberalization Era:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) New Economic Reform and Agriculture: Agriculture and WTO, Food processing, subsidies, Agricultural prices and public distribution system, Impact of public expenditure on agricultural growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(ii) New Economic Policy and Industry: Strategy of industrialization, Privatization, Disinvestments, Role of foreign direct investment and multinationals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iii) New Economic Policy and Trade: Intellectual property rights : Implications of TRIPS, TRIMS, GATS and new EXIM policy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iv) New Exchange Rate Regime: Partial and full convertibility, Capital account convertibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(v) New Economic Policy and Public Finance : Fiscal Responsibility Act, Twelfth Finance Commission and Fiscal Federalism and Fiscal Consolidation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(vi) New Economic Policy and Monetary system. Role of RBI under the new regime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(vii) Planning: From central Planning to indicative planning, Relation between planning and markets for growth and decentralized planning: 73rd and 74th Constitutional amendments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(viii) New Economic Policy and Employment: Employment and poverty, Rural wages, Employment Generation, Poverty alleviation schemes, New Rural, Employment Guarantee Scheme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_What_are_the_benefits_of_choosing_Economics_as_an_optional_subject\"><\/span><strong>1. What are the benefits of choosing Economics as an optional subject?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>High Scoring Potential:<\/strong>\u00a0If prepared well, economics can be a high-scoring subject due to its well-defined structure and focus on analytical skills valued by UPSC.<\/li><li><strong>Applicable Knowledge<\/strong>:\u00a0Understanding economic concepts equips you to analyze real-world issues and frame well-informed opinions for General Studies papers.<\/li><li><strong>Demand-Supply Balance:<\/strong>\u00a0Economics is a popular choice, but in-depth preparation can help you stand out from the competition.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_What_are_the_key_areas_to_focus_on_in_Economics_Optional\"><\/span><strong>2. What are the key areas to focus on in Economics Optional?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Microeconomics:<\/strong>&nbsp;Theory of Demand &amp; Supply, Market Structures, Consumer Behaviour, Production &amp; Cost Analysis.<\/li><li><strong>Macroeconomics:<\/strong>&nbsp;National Income Accounting, Inflation, Unemployment, Fiscal &amp; Monetary Policy.<\/li><li><strong>International Economics:<\/strong>&nbsp;Balance of Payments, Trade Theories, Foreign Exchange Rate Management, Globalization.<\/li><li><strong>Public Finance:<\/strong>&nbsp;Government Budget, Taxation, Public Debt, Public Expenditure.<\/li><li><strong>Development Economics:<\/strong>&nbsp;Theories of Development, Poverty &amp; Inequality, Human Development, Planning &amp; Growth Strategies.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_How_can_I_stay_updated_on_current_economic_issues_relevant_to_the_UPSC_exam\"><\/span><strong>3. How can I stay updated on current economic issues relevant to the UPSC exam?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Economic Survey &amp; Budget Documents:<\/strong>\u00a0Analyze these annual reports for government policies and economic trends.<\/li><li><strong>RBI Reports &amp; Monetary Policy Statements:<\/strong>\u00a0Stay informed about central banking and its economic impact.<\/li><li><strong>Financial Newspapers &amp; Business Magazines:<\/strong>\u00a0Follow credible publications for daily economic news and expert opinions.<\/li><li><strong>UPSC Previous Year Papers:<\/strong>\u00a0Analyze past exam papers to understand how current events are tested.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_What_resources_help_prepare_for_the_Economics_Optional\"><\/span><strong>4. What resources help prepare for the Economics Optional?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Standard Textbooks by prominent economists (refer to UPSC recommended list)<\/li><li>UPSC Mains Previous Year Question Papers with solutions<\/li><li>Notes from reputed coaching institutes (if applicable)<\/li><li>Online resources and mock tests offered by UPSC coaching platforms<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_How_can_I_improve_my_answer_writing_for_the_Economics_Optional\"><\/span><strong>5. How can I improve my answer writing for the Economics Optional?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Practice answer writing:<\/strong>&nbsp;Regularly write answers following the UPSC format &#8211; introduction, body with arguments &amp; examples, and conclusion.<\/li><li><strong>Focus on clarity and conciseness:<\/strong>&nbsp;Use well-defined economic terminology and avoid unnecessary jargon.<\/li><li><strong>Support arguments with data and examples:<\/strong>&nbsp;Use relevant statistics, reports, and case studies to strengthen your analysis.<\/li><li><strong>Develop a logical flow:<\/strong>&nbsp;Structure your answer to present a clear and cohesive argument.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-c6ab63ae-7083-4831-b519-cb89dacafb18\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-52c5a91b-6ed6-46e3-b781-7cc0c63a0b76\">For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-d014fe86-d628-49d8-82ce-6c60dc6e7a73\">For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-38177954-e668-4d8d-b250-d0fbd5a09390\">Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-49ca2fe3-109f-4a88-b72e-9df49c3d328e\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-43ccddc1-5348-445f-ab6b-7baaf29fe58d\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@EduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Choosing Economics as an optional subject for the UPSC Civil Services Exam equips you with a powerful toolkit. This journey delves into the core principles<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":37001,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2998],"tags":[2620,3019,232,2603,358,140],"class_list":["post-36999","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-upsc-optional-subject","tag-economics","tag-economics-optionals","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-optional-subjects","tag-upsc-optionals","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36999","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36999"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36999\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37002,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36999\/revisions\/37002"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37001"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36999"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36999"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36999"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}