{"id":37695,"date":"2024-04-15T07:21:38","date_gmt":"2024-04-15T07:21:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=37695"},"modified":"2024-04-15T07:21:39","modified_gmt":"2024-04-15T07:21:39","slug":"female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Female Genital Mutilation &#8211; UPSC Social Justice Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-cse-gs-integrated-course?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=GS+Integrated\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is the <strong><em>ritualistic practice involving the total or partial removal of the female external genitalia, ostensibly aimed at curbing sexual desires.<\/em><\/strong> This deeply entrenched practice raises concerns globally, and regrettably, India stands out as a hotspot for such violations, earning the dubious title of the world&#8217;s most dangerous place for women.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite being upheld by isolated factions, the prevalence of cultural customs like FGM underscores a more profound societal issue. <strong><em>India, irrespective of community or religion, grapples with an ingrained perception of the female body as &#8216;impure,&#8217; &#8216;excessive,&#8217; and, in some cultural contexts, even &#8216;evil.&#8217;<\/em><\/strong> Drawing parallels to notions of <strong><em>pollution and purity,<\/em><\/strong> menstruating women, in many Indian cultures, are deemed &#8216;impure.&#8217;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>FGM persists as a poignant example of how deeply rooted cultural beliefs can perpetuate harmful practices, demanding heightened awareness, education, and advocacy to eradicate such violations and safeguard the well-being of women.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d2f0f8d8b7b\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d2f0f8d8b7b\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#WHO_classifies_four_types_of_FGM\" title=\"WHO classifies four types of FGM:&nbsp;\">WHO classifies four types of FGM:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Supreme_Court\" title=\"Supreme Court:&nbsp;\">Supreme Court:&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Concerns\" title=\"Concerns:&nbsp;\">Concerns:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#CJIs_Observation\" title=\"CJI&#8217;s Observation:&nbsp;\">CJI&#8217;s Observation:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Violation_of_Fundamental_Rights\" title=\"Violation of Fundamental Rights:&nbsp;\">Violation of Fundamental Rights:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Global_Ban_on_FGM\" title=\"Global Ban on FGM:&nbsp;\">Global Ban on FGM:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Petitions_Argument\" title=\"Petition&#8217;s Argument:&nbsp;\">Petition&#8217;s Argument:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Opposition_and_Constitutional_Grounds\" title=\"Opposition and Constitutional Grounds:&nbsp;\">Opposition and Constitutional Grounds:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Intersection_of_Religion_and_Individual_Rights\" title=\"Intersection of Religion and Individual Rights:&nbsp;\">Intersection of Religion and Individual Rights:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#FAQs\" title=\"FAQs\">FAQs<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Q_What_is_Female_Genital_Mutilation_FGM\" title=\"Q: What is Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)?\">Q: What is Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Q_Why_is_Female_Genital_Mutilation_practiced\" title=\"Q: Why is Female Genital Mutilation practiced?\">Q: Why is Female Genital Mutilation practiced?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Q_What_are_the_health_consequences_of_Female_Genital_Mutilation\" title=\"Q: What are the health consequences of Female Genital Mutilation?\">Q: What are the health consequences of Female Genital Mutilation?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Q_Is_Female_Genital_Mutilation_illegal\" title=\"Q: Is Female Genital Mutilation illegal?\">Q: Is Female Genital Mutilation illegal?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Q_How_can_Female_Genital_Mutilation_be_stopped\" title=\"Q: How can Female Genital Mutilation be stopped?\">Q: How can Female Genital Mutilation be stopped?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/female-genital-mutilation-upsc-social-justice-notes\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here\">Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WHO_classifies_four_types_of_FGM\"><\/span><strong>WHO classifies four types of FGM:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>type 1 (partial or total removal of the clitoral glans).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>type 2 (partial or total removal of the external and visible parts of the clitoris and the inner folds of the vulva).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>type 3 (infibulation, or narrowing of the vaginal opening through the creation of a covering seal).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>type 4 (picking, piercing, incising, scraping and cauterising the genital area).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Supreme_Court\"><\/span><strong>Supreme Court:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Concerns\"><\/span><strong>Concerns:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Supreme Court expressed concern about Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) prevalent in the Bohra Muslim community.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The practice compromises and violates a woman&#8217;s bodily integrity and privacy in the name of religious beliefs.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CJIs_Observation\"><\/span><strong>CJI&#8217;s Observation:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Chief Justice of India (CJI) stated that FGM would fall under the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Noted that these petitions were filed by women, and if they oppose the practice, it cannot be imposed on them.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Violation_of_Fundamental_Rights\"><\/span><strong>Violation of Fundamental Rights:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The practice of FGM violates various fundamental rights, especially those of girl children.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Serious health repercussions associated with FGM, including pain, bleeding, infections, and long-term issues like urinary or vaginal problems.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Global_Ban_on_FGM\"><\/span><strong>Global Ban on FGM:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Countries like the USA, the United Kingdom, Australia, and about 27 African countries have already banned FGM.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The practice is considered a violation of international human rights standards. Every year, February 6 is observed as the International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation (FGM).&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Petitions_Argument\"><\/span><strong>Petition&#8217;s Argument:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>FGM violates the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights, to which India is a signatory.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Opposition_and_Constitutional_Grounds\"><\/span><strong>Opposition and Constitutional Grounds:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A trust representing Bohra women opposed the petitions, citing that FGM has been a tradition for centuries.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Claimed protection under Articles 25 and 26 of the Constitution and demanded the matter be referred to a Constitution bench.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Intersection_of_Religion_and_Individual_Rights\"><\/span><strong>Intersection of Religion and Individual Rights:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The case highlights the complex interplay between religious practices, individual rights, and constitutional provisions.\u00a0<\/li><li>Raises questions about the balance between religious freedom and safeguarding individual liberties.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs\"><\/span>FAQs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_is_Female_Genital_Mutilation_FGM\"><\/span>Q: <strong>What is Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)?<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) refers to the partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. It&#8217;s a harmful practice often carried out on young girls between infancy and age 15.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Why_is_Female_Genital_Mutilation_practiced\"><\/span>Q: <strong>Why is Female Genital Mutilation practiced?<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>FGM is often deeply rooted in cultural beliefs about femininity, purity, and control over women&#8217;s sexuality. It is erroneously believed to ensure virginity before marriage, control women&#8217;s sexual desire, and adhere to social norms and traditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_the_health_consequences_of_Female_Genital_Mutilation\"><\/span>Q: <strong>What are the health consequences of Female Genital Mutilation?<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>FGM can lead to severe physical and psychological health issues. Immediate complications may include severe pain, infections, hemorrhage, and even death. Long-term consequences range from chronic pain, menstrual problems, urinary issues, sexual dysfunction, to psychological trauma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Is_Female_Genital_Mutilation_illegal\"><\/span>Q: <strong>Is Female Genital Mutilation illegal?<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Many countries have outlawed FGM due to its harmful effects and violation of human rights, including the rights to health, security, and physical integrity. However, despite legal bans, it persists in many communities due to deeply ingrained cultural beliefs and social pressures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_How_can_Female_Genital_Mutilation_be_stopped\"><\/span>Q: <strong>How can Female Genital Mutilation be stopped?<\/strong> <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Combating FGM requires a multi-faceted approach involving legal measures, community engagement, education, and healthcare interventions. Efforts should focus on raising awareness about the health and human rights implications of FGM, empowering communities to abandon the practice, and providing support for survivors. Additionally, enforcing laws against FGM and providing accessible healthcare services are crucial steps towards its eradication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-c6ab63ae-7083-4831-b519-cb89dacafb18\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-52c5a91b-6ed6-46e3-b781-7cc0c63a0b76\">For UPSC Prelims Resources,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-d014fe86-d628-49d8-82ce-6c60dc6e7a73\">For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-38177954-e668-4d8d-b250-d0fbd5a09390\">Join our Telegram Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-49ca2fe3-109f-4a88-b72e-9df49c3d328e\"><li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-43ccddc1-5348-445f-ab6b-7baaf29fe58d\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@EduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is the ritualistic practice involving the total or partial removal of the female external genitalia, ostensibly aimed at curbing sexual desires.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":37697,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3141],"tags":[3155,232,213,140,3140],"class_list":["post-37695","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-justice-notes","tag-female-genital-mutilation","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy","tag-upsc-social-justice-notes"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37695","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37695"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37695\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37698,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37695\/revisions\/37698"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37697"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37695"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37695"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}