<\/span>8. With reference to the entry of European powers into India, which one of the following statements is not correct? (2003)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n(a) The Portuguese captured Goa in 1499<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(b) The English opened their first factory in South India at Masulipatnam<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(c) In eastern India, the English Company opened its first factory in Orissa in 1633<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(d) Under the leadership of Dupleix, the French occupied Madras in 1746<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (a)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nExp. With reference to the entry of European power in India statement (a) is incorrect. The Portuguese conquest of Goa occurred in 1510 and not in 1499. Albuquerque was not ordered to conquer Goa by the Portuguese government. He had been only ordered to capture Hormuz, Adam and Malacca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>9. In India, among the following locations, the Dutch established their earliest factory at (2003)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n(a) Surat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(b) Pulicat <\/p>\n\n\n\n
(c) Cochin<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(d) Cassimbazar<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (b)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nExp. In India, among the following locations, the Dutch established their earliest factory at Pulicat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
However, In India, Dutch East India company established its first factory in Masulipatnam in 1605 AD, followed by Pulicat in 1610 AD, Surat in 1616 AD, Bimilipatam in 1641 AD and Chinsura in 1653 AD. Factory at Pulicat was known as ‘Fort Geldria’. The Dutch East India company was formed in 1602 AD as ‘United East India Company’ and its first permanent trading post was in Indonesia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>10. Which of the statement (s) given above is\/are correct?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n(a) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(b) Only 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
c) 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (b)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nExp. Only statement (3) correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mir Jafar served as the commander of Bengali forces under Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, but betrayed him during the Battle of Plassey and succeeded him after the British victory in 1757. Statements (1) and (2) are incorrect becauses the third battle of Panipat took place on 14th January, 1761, between a northern expeditionary force of the Maratha empire and invading forces of Ahmad Shah Abdali. As a result the forces led by Ahmad Shah came out victorious after destroying Marathas. Also, Tipu Sultan was killed in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>11. Which of the following is the correct chronological order of the battles fought in India in the 18th century? (2005)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n(a) Battle of Wandiwash, Battle of Buxar, Battle of Ambur, Battle of Plassey<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(b) Battle of Ambur, Battle of Plassey, Battle of Wandiwash, Battle of Buxar<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(c) Battle of Wandiwash, Battle of Plassey, Battle of Ambur, Battle of Buxar<\/p>\n\n\n\n
d) Battle of Ambur, Battle of Buxar, Battle of Wandiwash, Battle of Plassey<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (b)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nExp. The correct chronological order is Battle of Ambur, Battle of Plassey, Battle of Wandiwash and Battle of Buxar. Battle of Ambur was the first major battle of the Second Camatic War started on 3rd August, 1749. The battle was initiated by Muzzafar Jung and supported by Joseph Francois Dupleix and led by Chanda Sahib, who sought to overthrow Anwaruddin Muhammed Khan, the Nawab of\u00a0 the Carnatic, for supporting Nasir Jung’s claim to be Nizam of Hyderabad. Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the British Bast India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies on 23rd June, 1757, under the leadership of Robert Clive. Battle of Wandiwash was a battle in India between the French and the British in 1760. The battle was part of the Third Camatic War fought between the French and British colonial empires. Battle of Buxar was fought between 22nd and 23rd October, 1764 between the forces under the command of the British East India Company, led by Hector Munro, and the combined armies of Mir Oasim, (Nawab of Bengal) Shuja-ud-Daula (Nawab of Awadh) and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II till 1764.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>12. Which one of the following is a correct statement?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n(2005)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(a) The modern Kochi was a Dutch colony till India’s independence<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(b) The Dutch defeated the Portuguese and built Fort Williams in the modern Kochi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(c) The modern Kochi was first a Dutch Colony before the Portuguese took over from them<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(d) The modern Kochi never became a part of the British Colony<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (b)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nExp. Statement (b) is correct as in 1663, Dutch under Van Goens defeated the Portuguese and built Fort Williams in modern Kochi. They destroyed the Jesuit College and many Roman Catholic Churches except for St. Francis which they used. On the islands in the backwaters, the Dutch built the Bolgatty Palace and the Dutch Palace at Mattancherry and many other country houses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>13. In the year 1613, where was the English East India Company given permission to set-up a factory (trading post)? (2006)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n(a) Bangalore<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(c) Masulipatnam<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(b) Madras<\/p>\n\n\n\n
d) Surat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (d)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nExp. In the year 1613, in Surat the English East India Company was given permission to set-up a factory (trading post). In 1612, James I instructed Sir Thomas Roe to visit the Mugha Emperor Jahangir and arrange for a commercial treaty that would give the Company exclusive rights to reside and bui factories in Surat and other areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>14. Who among the following Europeans, were the last to come to pre-independence India as traders?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n(a) Dutch<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(b) English<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(c) French<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(d) Portugu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (c)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nExp. French were the last Europeans to come to India for trading. The French East India Company was established in 1664. They established their first factory in Surat in 1668.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>15. What was the immediate reason for Ahmad Shah Abdali to invade India and fight the Third Battle of Panipat? (2010)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n(a) He wanted to avenge the expulsion by Marathas of his<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Viceroy Timur Shah from Lahore<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(b) The frustrated Governor of Jullandhar Adina Beg Khan invited him to invade Punjab<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(c) He wanted to punish Mughal administration for nonpayment of the revenues of the Chahar Mahal (Gujarat, Aurangabad, Sialkot and Pasrur)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(d) He wanted to annex all the fertile plains of Punjab upto the borders of Delhi to his kingdom<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (a)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nExp. Statement (a) is correct with regard to Ahmad Shah Abdali invasion. The immediate reason for Ahmad Shah Abdali to invade India and fight the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761 was to avenge the expulsion by Marathas of his Viceroy Timur Shah from Lahore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>17. With reference to Pondicherry now Puducherry), consider the following statements. (2010)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n1. The first European power to occupy Pondicherry were the Portuguese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. The second European power to occupy Pondicherry were the French.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. The English never occupied Pondicherry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Which of the statements) given above is\/are correct?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(a) Only 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(b) 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(c) Only 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (a)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nExp. Statement (1) is correct with reference to Pondicherry. The first European powers to occupy Pondicherry were the Portuguese. After the Portuguese, the second European powers to capture Pondicherry were the Dutch. Statements (2) and (3) are incorrect as the French East India Company set up a trading center at Pondicherry in the year 1674, and this later became the most prominent French settlement in India. Pondicherry (now Puducherry) was occupied several times by the British, but it was ultimately the French who ruled the territory. In 1761, the British captured Pondicherry from the French but later had to return it back to the French under the Treaty of Paris in 1763.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>17. Consider the following statements. (2011)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n1. Assessment of land revenue on the basis of nature of the soil and the quality of crops.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Use of mobile cannons in warfare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Cultivation of tobacco and red chillies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Which of the above was\/were introduced in India by the English?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(a) Only 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(b) 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(c) 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(d) None of these<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (d)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nExp. None of the given systems was introduced in India by the English. Assessment of land revenue on the basis of nature of the soil and the quality of crops was prevalent in the medieval period to increase their land revenue collection. Use of mobile cannons in warfare was introduced in India by Babur in the first Battle of Panipat. Tobacco cultivation in India was introduced in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>18. Economically, one of the result of the British rule in India in the 19th century was the (2018)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n(a) increase in the exports of Indian handicrafts<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) growth in the number of Indian owned factories<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(c) commercialisation of Indian agriculture<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(d) rapid increase in urban population<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (c)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nExp. Commericalisation of Indian agriculture is one of the result of the British rule in India. A major economic impact of the British policies in India was the introduction of a large number of commercial crops such as tea, coffee, indigo, opium, cotton, jute, sugarcane and oilseeds. Exports of handicrafts suffered during British rule. Further, there is no conclusive evidence of growth in the number of Indian owned factories or rapid increase in the urban population.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>19. Which one of the following groups of plants was domesticated in the ‘New World’ and introduced into the ‘Old World’? (2019)\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n(a) Tobacco, cocoa and rubber<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(b) Tobacco, cotton and rubber<\/p>\n\n\n\n
c) Cotton, coffee and sugarcane<\/p>\n\n\n\n
d) Rubber, coffee and wheat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ans. (a)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n