{"id":43551,"date":"2024-07-20T09:54:13","date_gmt":"2024-07-20T09:54:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=43551"},"modified":"2024-07-20T09:54:15","modified_gmt":"2024-07-20T09:54:15","slug":"reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/","title":{"rendered":"Reforming Urban Governance\u00a0&#8211; UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis &#8211; 20th July 2024 &#8211; Edukemy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Reforming urban governance is about making our city management systems better and more efficient. Cities are growing rapidly, and with that growth comes a host of challenges like traffic congestion, waste management, housing shortages, and pollution. To tackle these issues, we need modern, transparent, and accountable governance systems that can handle the complexities of urban life. Improving urban governance involves adopting new technologies, ensuring better coordination between various government agencies, and involving citizens in decision-making processes. The goal is to create cities that are not only livable and sustainable but also capable of providing a high quality of life for all residents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-current-affairs?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Current+Affairs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42406\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: GS &#8211; 2, Polity &amp; Governance\u2013 Federalism \u2013 Transparency &amp; Accountability\u2013\u00a0 Urban Governance &#8211; Issues Relating to Development- Government Policies &amp; Interventions<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d601491c3fa\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d601491c3fa\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Context\" title=\"Context:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Context:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#What_is_Urban_Governance\" title=\"What is Urban Governance?&nbsp;\">What is Urban Governance?&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Present_Mechanism_of_Urban_Governance_in_India\" title=\"Present Mechanism of Urban Governance in India:&nbsp;\">Present Mechanism of Urban Governance in India:&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#74th_Constitutional_Amendment_Act_1992\" title=\"74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992:\u00a0\">74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Types_of_Urban_Local_Bodies\" title=\"Types of Urban Local Bodies:\u00a0\">Types of Urban Local Bodies:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Steps_Taken_to_Improve_Urban_Governance\" title=\"Steps Taken to Improve Urban Governance:&nbsp;\">Steps Taken to Improve Urban Governance:&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Smart_Cities_Mission_SCM\" title=\"Smart Cities Mission (SCM):\u00a0\">Smart Cities Mission (SCM):\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Allocation_of_Funds_for_Pollution_Control\" title=\"Allocation of Funds for Pollution Control:\u00a0\">Allocation of Funds for Pollution Control:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Pradhan_Mantri_Awas_Yojana_PMAY\" title=\"Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY):\u00a0\">Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY):\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Swachh_Bharat_Mission-Urban_SBM-U\" title=\"Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U):\u00a0\">Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U):\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Urban_Platform_for_Delivery_of_Online_Governance_UPYOG\" title=\"Urban Platform for Delivery of Online Governance (UPYOG):\u00a0\">Urban Platform for Delivery of Online Governance (UPYOG):\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#AMRUT_Scheme\" title=\"AMRUT Scheme:\u00a0\">AMRUT Scheme:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Challenges_in_Urban_Governance\" title=\"Challenges in Urban Governance:&nbsp;\">Challenges in Urban Governance:&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Lack_of_Autonomy\" title=\"Lack of Autonomy:\u00a0\">Lack of Autonomy:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Draining_Financial_Resources\" title=\"Draining Financial Resources:\u00a0\">Draining Financial Resources:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Multiplicity_of_Agencies\" title=\"Multiplicity of Agencies:\u00a0\">Multiplicity of Agencies:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Unplanned_Urbanisation\" title=\"Unplanned Urbanisation:\u00a0\">Unplanned Urbanisation:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Environment_Concerns\" title=\"Environment Concerns:\u00a0\">Environment Concerns:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Low_Public_Participation\" title=\"Low Public Participation:\u00a0\">Low Public Participation:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Way_Forward_for_Urban_Governance\" title=\"Way Forward for Urban Governance:&nbsp;\">Way Forward for Urban Governance:&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#The_Three_Fs_for_Urban_Governance\" title=\"The Three F\u2019s for Urban Governance:\u00a0\">The Three F\u2019s for Urban Governance:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Investing_in_Infrastructure\" title=\"Investing in Infrastructure:\u00a0\">Investing in Infrastructure:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Strengthening_Municipal_Revenue\" title=\"Strengthening Municipal Revenue:\u00a0\">Strengthening Municipal Revenue:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Strategic_Property_Management\" title=\"Strategic Property Management:\u00a0\">Strategic Property Management:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Capacity_Building_for_Urban_Local_Bodies_ULBs\" title=\"Capacity Building for Urban Local Bodies (ULBs):\u00a0\">Capacity Building for Urban Local Bodies (ULBs):\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Municipal_Bond_and_Social_Stock_Exchange_SSE\" title=\"Municipal Bond and Social Stock Exchange (SSE):\u00a0\">Municipal Bond and Social Stock Exchange (SSE):\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Need_for_Behavioural_Change\" title=\"Need for Behavioural Change:\u00a0\">Need for Behavioural Change:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#UPSC_Civil_Services_Examination_Previous_Year_Question_PYQ\" title=\"UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Question (PYQ)\u00a0\u00a0\">UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Question (PYQ)\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Prelims\" title=\"Prelims:&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Prelims:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Mains\" title=\"Mains:&nbsp;\">Mains:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#FAQs\" title=\"FAQs\">FAQs<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Q_What_is_urban_governance\" title=\"Q: What is urban governance?\">Q: What is urban governance?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Q_Why_does_urban_governance_need_reform\" title=\"Q: Why does urban governance need reform?\">Q: Why does urban governance need reform?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Q_What_are_some_common_problems_in_urban_governance\" title=\"Q: What are some common problems in urban governance?\">Q: What are some common problems in urban governance?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Q_How_can_urban_governance_be_reformed\" title=\"Q: How can urban governance be reformed?\">Q: How can urban governance be reformed?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Q_What_benefits_can_come_from_reforming_urban_governance\" title=\"Q: What benefits can come from reforming urban governance?\">Q: What benefits can come from reforming urban governance?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#To_get_free_counselingsupport_on_UPSC_preparation_from_expert_mentors_please_call_9773890604\" title=\"To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604\">To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/reforming-urban-governance-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis-20th-july-2024-edukemy\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_Here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 Here\">Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 Here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Context\"><\/span><strong>Context:&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In the past three decades, India has evolved from a stagnant economy to the third-largest globally, with urbanisation increasing significantly.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>By 2036, 600 million people (40% of the population) will reside in urban areas, contributing nearly 70% to GDP, up from 31% in 2011.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Effective urban governance is crucial for managing infrastructure, ensuring the maintenance of essential systems like roads, water supply, and sanitation, and promoting sustainability.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Despite progress, cities still grapple with challenges such as poor governance, inadequate infrastructure, and insufficient services.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"600\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-90.png\" alt=\"Urban Governance\" class=\"wp-image-43560 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-90.png 960w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-90-585x366.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 960px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 960\/600;\" \/><figcaption><strong>Urban Governance<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Urban_Governance\"><\/span><strong>What is Urban Governance?<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>About :<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>Urban governance refers to the systems, processes, and practices used to manage and develop cities.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>It involves decision-making frameworks and institutions that guide urban planning, service delivery, and overall urban administration.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Significance:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Quality of Life:<\/strong> Enhances the living standards of residents.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Urban Resilience:<\/strong> Improves the city&#8217;s ability to withstand and recover from challenges.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Sustainable Development:<\/strong> Promotes environmental sustainability and social equity.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Key Elements:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Stakeholders:<\/strong> Includes local governments, citizens, businesses, and non-governmental organisations (NGOs).\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Policies and Regulations:<\/strong> Covers laws and regulations related to land use, zoning, housing, transportation, and environmental management.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Service Delivery:<\/strong> Manages essential services such as water supply, waste management, transportation, and public safety.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Participatory Governance:<\/strong> Encourages citizen involvement in decision-making to ensure transparency and accountability.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Sustainability:<\/strong> Aims to balance economic growth with social equity and environmental protection.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Present_Mechanism_of_Urban_Governance_in_India\"><\/span><strong>Present Mechanism of Urban Governance in India:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"74th_Constitutional_Amendment_Act_1992\"><\/span><strong>74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Introduction:<\/strong> The amendment inserted Part IX-A into the Constitution, establishing urban local bodies (ULBs) as institutions of local self-government.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Articles Added:<\/strong> Introduced Articles 243P to 243ZG and a new Twelfth Schedule to the Constitution.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Empowerment:<\/strong> Provided states with the authority to delegate 18 functions, including urban planning, land use regulation, water supply, and slum upgradation, to ULBs.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_Urban_Local_Bodies\"><\/span><strong>Types of Urban Local Bodies:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Municipal Corporation:<\/strong> Manages large cities like Bangalore, Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Municipality:<\/strong> Operates in smaller cities, known by various names such as municipal council, municipal committee, or municipal board.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Notified Area Committee:<\/strong> Established for rapidly developing towns or those lacking basic amenities.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Town Area Committee:<\/strong> Found in smaller towns with limited authority.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Cantonment Board:<\/strong> Manages civilian areas within cantonments.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Township:<\/strong> Provides basic facilities to staff and workers in colonies near industrial plants.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Port Trust:<\/strong> Manages ports in coastal areas.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Special Purpose Agency:<\/strong> Handles specific functions or activities related to municipal corporations or municipalities.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Steps_Taken_to_Improve_Urban_Governance\"><\/span><strong>Steps Taken to Improve Urban Governance:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Smart_Cities_Mission_SCM\"><\/span><strong>Smart Cities Mission (SCM):<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Launch Year:<\/strong> 2015\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> Transform 100 cities to enhance core infrastructure and create a clean and sustainable environment through &#8220;Smart Solutions.&#8221;\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Focus:<\/strong> Sustainable and inclusive development to improve citizens&#8217; quality of life.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Allocation_of_Funds_for_Pollution_Control\"><\/span><strong>Allocation of Funds for Pollution Control:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Date:<\/strong> December 2023\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Scope:<\/strong> Identified 131 million-plus\/non-attainment cities (those exceeding National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for five consecutive years).\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Action:<\/strong> Prepared City Specific Clean Air Action Plans and allocated funds to improve air quality.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pradhan_Mantri_Awas_Yojana_PMAY\"><\/span><strong>Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY):<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> Housing for All by 2022\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Implementation:<\/strong> Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA)\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Benefit:<\/strong> Provides home loan interest subsidies to make urban housing affordable for the poor.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Swachh_Bharat_Mission-Urban_SBM-U\"><\/span><strong>Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U):<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Launch Year:<\/strong> 2014\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Ministry:<\/strong> Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> Promote cleanliness, sanitation, and proper waste management in urban areas.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Urban_Platform_for_Delivery_of_Online_Governance_UPYOG\"><\/span><strong>Urban Platform for Delivery of Online Governance (UPYOG):<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> National reference platform for delivering municipal services online.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Principle:<\/strong> Utilises National Urban Innovation Stack principles.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AMRUT_Scheme\"><\/span><strong>AMRUT Scheme:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Full Form:<\/strong> Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Launch Year:<\/strong> 2014\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> Ensure every household has access to tap water and sewerage connections.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Challenges_in_Urban_Governance\"><\/span><strong>Challenges in Urban Governance:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lack_of_Autonomy\"><\/span><strong>Lack of Autonomy:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Issue:<\/strong> Urban governance is part of the state list in the Indian Constitution, leading to varied administrative frameworks and limited autonomy for Urban Local Bodies (ULBs).\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Impact:<\/strong> Many city-level functions are managed by state-controlled parastatals, reducing local management control.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Draining_Financial_Resources\"><\/span><strong>Draining Financial Resources:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Issue:<\/strong> India has the world&#8217;s lowest property tax collection rate. An RBI survey revealed a significant decline in municipal corporation revenues with rising expenditures.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Impact:<\/strong> Limited property tax coverage and inadequate taxation powers stress municipal finances.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Multiplicity_of_Agencies\"><\/span><strong>Multiplicity of Agencies:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Issue:<\/strong> Special-purpose agencies under state supervision complicate governance and financial management.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Examples:<\/strong> Entities like the State Transport Corporation and Water Supply Department create financial and operational challenges for municipal bodies.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unplanned_Urbanisation\"><\/span><strong>Unplanned Urbanisation:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Issue:<\/strong> Rapid urban growth without proper planning leads to inadequate municipal services and infrastructure.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Examples:<\/strong> Delhi&#8217;s 1,799 unauthorised colonies and issues with water pipeline projects highlight the strain on urban services.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Environment_Concerns\"><\/span><strong>Environment Concerns:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Issue:<\/strong> High pollution levels and poor waste management affect urban quality of life.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Statistics:<\/strong> Urban India generates about 42 million tons of municipal solid waste annually, with 72% coming from tier-I cities. Recent studies show a rise in PM2.5 levels in NCAP cities.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Low_Public_Participation\"><\/span><strong>Low Public Participation:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Issue:<\/strong> Despite high literacy rates, residents often show limited engagement with urban governance.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Impact:<\/strong> Insufficient public involvement in waste management and pollution control exacerbates governance challenges.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Way_Forward_for_Urban_Governance\"><\/span><strong>Way Forward for Urban Governance:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Three_Fs_for_Urban_Governance\"><\/span><strong>The Three F\u2019s for Urban Governance:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Concept:<\/strong> Transfer of &#8216;Functions, Finances, and Functionaries&#8217; to city governments.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Example:<\/strong> The People\u2019s Planning model in Kerala, where 40% of the State\u2019s plan budget was allocated directly to local bodies, empowering them with significant responsibilities such as planning and execution.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Investing_in_Infrastructure\"><\/span><strong>Investing in Infrastructure:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Requirement:<\/strong> According to the World Bank, India needs to invest approximately $55 billion (1.2% of GDP) annually in urban infrastructure.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Current Financing:<\/strong> Central and state governments finance 72% of urban projects, with only 5% coming from commercial sources.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Recommendation:<\/strong> Increase the role of private capital in funding urban infrastructure to ensure sustainable development.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Strengthening_Municipal_Revenue\"><\/span><strong>Strengthening Municipal Revenue:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Model:<\/strong> Scandinavian countries effectively manage urban functions by allocating a portion of income tax revenue to urban governments.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Property Tax:<\/strong> Finance Commissions advocate for enhancing property tax revenues to improve municipal finances.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Example:<\/strong> The 12th Finance Commission encouraged the use of Geographical Information System (GIS) and digitisation to enhance property tax administration.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Strategic_Property_Management\"><\/span><strong>Strategic Property Management:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Challenge:<\/strong> Local bodies often hold underutilised properties.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Solution:<\/strong> Monetise these properties through public-private partnerships (PPP) to develop commercial spaces, markets, or parking lots.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Recommendation:<\/strong> The World Bank suggests using PPPs for financing and expertise in infrastructure projects. The 14th Finance Commission also recommended enabling municipalities to levy a vacant land tax.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Capacity_Building_for_Urban_Local_Bodies_ULBs\"><\/span><strong>Capacity Building for Urban Local Bodies (ULBs):<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> Improve both institutional and human capacity within ULBs.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Action:<\/strong> Focus on developing the skills required to execute bankable projects effectively and efficiently.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Municipal_Bond_and_Social_Stock_Exchange_SSE\"><\/span><strong>Municipal Bond and Social Stock Exchange (SSE):<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Municipal Bonds:<\/strong> Debt securities issued by state or local governments to finance capital expenditures, such as infrastructure projects.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Social Stock Exchange (SSE):<\/strong> Platform for social enterprises to raise capital focusing on social impact alongside profit generation.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Recommendation:<\/strong> Develop the municipal bond market and SSE to attract investments for local needs and generate revenue for local bodies.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Need_for_Behavioural_Change\"><\/span><strong>Need for Behavioural Change:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Approach:<\/strong> Treat cities as crucial centres of governance where democratic decentralisation and active people\u2019s participation can drive transformation.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Example:<\/strong> The Indore model of waste management, a decentralised and community-driven approach, demonstrates the potential for significant improvements through local engagement and innovation.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Civil_Services_Examination_Previous_Year_Question_PYQ\"><\/span><strong>UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Question (PYQ)\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prelims\"><\/span><strong>Prelims:&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q:1 The Constitution (Seventy-Third Amendment) Act, 1992, which aims at promoting the Panchayati Raj Institutions in the country provides for which of the following? (2011)&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Constitution of District Planning Committees.\u00a0<\/li><li>State Election Commissions to conduct all panchayat elections.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Establishment of State Finance Commissions.\u00a0<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Select the correct answer using the codes given below:&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1 only\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>1 and 2 only\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>2 and 3 only\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>1, 2 and 3\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ans: C<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mains\"><\/span><strong>Mains:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q:1 Do government\u2019s schemes for up-lifting vulnerable and backward communities by protecting required social resources for them, lead to their exclusion in establishing businesses in urban economies? (2014)<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q:2 Discuss the recommendations of the 13th Finance Commission which have been a departure from the previous commissions for strengthening the local government finances. (2013)<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/opinion\/why-our-large-cities-need-metropolitan-governance-101721230683464.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">HT<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs\"><\/span>FAQs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_is_urban_governance\"><\/span>Q: <strong>What is urban governance?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Answer<\/strong>: Urban governance refers to how cities and towns are managed and run. It involves the roles and responsibilities of local government bodies, how decisions are made, and how public services are delivered to residents.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Why_does_urban_governance_need_reform\"><\/span>Q: <strong>Why does urban governance need reform?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Answer<\/strong>: Urban governance needs reform to address issues like inefficiency, lack of accountability, and inadequate services. Improved governance can lead to better management of resources, more effective delivery of services, and a higher quality of life for urban residents.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_some_common_problems_in_urban_governance\"><\/span>Q: <strong>What are some common problems in urban governance?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Answer<\/strong>: Common problems include poor infrastructure, traffic congestion, pollution, insufficient public services like water supply and sanitation, and a lack of transparency in decision-making. These issues can affect the overall functioning and livability of cities.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_How_can_urban_governance_be_reformed\"><\/span>Q: <strong>How can urban governance be reformed?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Answer<\/strong>: Reforms can include decentralizing decision-making to give more power to local bodies, improving transparency and accountability, investing in smart city technologies, and engaging citizens in the governance process. Better planning and management of resources are also crucial.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_benefits_can_come_from_reforming_urban_governance\"><\/span>Q: <strong>What benefits can come from reforming urban governance?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Answer<\/strong>: Reforming urban governance can lead to more efficient and responsive city management, improved public services, reduced pollution, and better infrastructure. This can enhance the quality of life for residents, attract investment, and promote sustainable urban development.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"To_get_free_counselingsupport_on_UPSC_preparation_from_expert_mentors_please_call_9773890604\"><\/span><strong>To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Join our Main Telegram Channel and access PYQs, Current Affairs and UPSC&nbsp; Guidance for free \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/Edukemy4IAS\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/li><li>Learn Economy for free-<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/+uq2Jq2ezMHE3ZjA1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Economy for UPSC<\/a><\/li><li>Mains Answer Writing Practice-<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/+HS9DZh7PTytkNjJl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mains Answer Writing<\/a><\/li><li>For UPSC Prelims Resources, <a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_Here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@EduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Reforming urban governance is about making our city management systems better and more efficient. Cities are growing rapidly<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":43565,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[352],"tags":[161,169,232,140,3512],"class_list":["post-43551","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-editorial-analysis","tag-daily-current-affairs-upsc","tag-daily-editorial-analysis","tag-upsc","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy","tag-urban-governance"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43551","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43551"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43551\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43566,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43551\/revisions\/43566"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43565"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43551"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43551"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43551"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}