{"id":45594,"date":"2024-08-28T08:05:06","date_gmt":"2024-08-28T08:05:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=45594"},"modified":"2024-08-28T08:05:08","modified_gmt":"2024-08-28T08:05:08","slug":"upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Daily Current Affairs &#8211; 28th Aug 2024 &#8211; Edukemy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants explores the latest developments relevant to the upcoming civil services examination. Our focus today includes a critical analysis of recent policy changes, international affairs, and national developments, all of which play a pivotal role in shaping India&#8217;s socio-political and economic landscape. Stay informed and stay ahead in your UPSC preparations with our daily current affairs updates, as we provide you with concise, well-researched insights to help you connect the dots between contemporary events and the broader canvas of the civil services syllabus.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-current-affairs?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Current+Affairs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42406\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/19-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d9e4735016f\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d9e4735016f\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Railways_plans_to_go_nuclear_as_part_of_its_green_drive\" title=\"Railways plans to go nuclear as part of its green drive&nbsp;\">Railways plans to go nuclear as part of its green drive&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Why_in_the_news\" title=\"Why in the news?\u00a0\">Why in the news?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Nuclear-Powered_Trains\" title=\"Nuclear-Powered Trains:&nbsp;\">Nuclear-Powered Trains:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Indian_Railways_Plans_to_Reduce_Reliance_on_Fossil_Fuels\" title=\"Indian Railways Plans to Reduce Reliance on Fossil Fuels:\u00a0\">Indian Railways Plans to Reduce Reliance on Fossil Fuels:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Need_for_Alternative_Energy_Sources\" title=\"Need for Alternative Energy Sources:&nbsp;\">Need for Alternative Energy Sources:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion&nbsp;\">Conclusion&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#UPSC_Civil_Services_Examination_Previous_Year_Questions_PYQs\" title=\"UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Questions (PYQs)\u00a0\u00a0\">UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Questions (PYQs)\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Prelims\" title=\"Prelims&nbsp;\">Prelims&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Mains\" title=\"Mains&nbsp;&nbsp;\">Mains&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Upgrade_for_Indias_weather_department_in_pipeline\" title=\"Upgrade for India&#8217;s weather department in pipeline&nbsp;\">Upgrade for India&#8217;s weather department in pipeline&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Why_in_the_news-2\" title=\"Why in the news?\u00a0\">Why in the news?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#What_is_the_National_Monsoon_Mission_NMM\" title=\"What is the National Monsoon Mission (NMM)?\u00a0\">What is the National Monsoon Mission (NMM)?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#IMD_to_Improve_Weather_Forecasting_Capabilities\" title=\"IMD to Improve Weather Forecasting Capabilities&nbsp;\">IMD to Improve Weather Forecasting Capabilities&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#About\" title=\"About:&nbsp;\">About:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Significance\" title=\"Significance:\u00a0\">Significance:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#RBI_to_launch_Unified_Lending_Interface\" title=\"RBI to launch Unified Lending Interface&nbsp;\">RBI to launch Unified Lending Interface&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Why_in_the_news-3\" title=\"Why in the news?\u00a0\">Why in the news?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Unified_Lending_Interface_ULI\" title=\"Unified Lending Interface (ULI)&nbsp;\">Unified Lending Interface (ULI)&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Unified_Payments_Interface_UPI\" title=\"Unified Payments Interface (UPI)&nbsp;\">Unified Payments Interface (UPI)&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#India_3_new_Ramsar_sites\" title=\"India 3 new Ramsar sites&nbsp;\">India 3 new Ramsar sites&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Why_in_the_news-4\" title=\"Why in the news?\u00a0\">Why in the news?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#What_are_Wetlands\" title=\"What are Wetlands?&nbsp;\">What are Wetlands?&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#What_are_Ramsar_Sites\" title=\"What are Ramsar Sites?&nbsp;\">What are Ramsar Sites?&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Recent_Additions\" title=\"Recent Additions:&nbsp;\">Recent Additions:&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Nanjarayan_Bird_Sanctuary_Tamil_Nadu\" title=\"Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu\u00a0\">Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#About_Kazhuveli_Sanctuary_Tamil_Nadu\" title=\"About Kazhuveli Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu\u00a0\">About Kazhuveli Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#About_Tawa_Reservoir_Madhya_Pradesh\" title=\"About Tawa Reservoir, Madhya Pradesh\u00a0\">About Tawa Reservoir, Madhya Pradesh\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#UPSC_Civil_Services_Examination_Previous_Year_Question_PYQ\" title=\"UPSC Civil Services Examination Previous Year Question (PYQ)&nbsp;\">UPSC Civil Services Examination Previous Year Question (PYQ)&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Prelims-2\" title=\"Prelims&nbsp;\">Prelims&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Mains-2\" title=\"Mains&nbsp;\">Mains&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Education_Ministry_defines_%E2%80%98literacy_%E2%80%98full_literacy\" title=\"Education Ministry defines \u2018literacy,\u2019 \u2018full literacy&nbsp;\">Education Ministry defines \u2018literacy,\u2019 \u2018full literacy&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Why_in_the_news-5\" title=\"Why in the news?\u00a0\">Why in the news?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#What_is_the_New_India_Literacy_Programme_NILP\" title=\"What is the New India Literacy Programme (NILP)?&nbsp;\">What is the New India Literacy Programme (NILP)?&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Who_is_Considered_Literate_under_the_NILP\" title=\"Who is Considered Literate under the NILP?\u00a0\">Who is Considered Literate under the NILP?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Significant_Literacy_Challenge_Faced_by_India\" title=\"Significant Literacy Challenge Faced by India:\u00a0\">Significant Literacy Challenge Faced by India:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#New_India_Literacy_Programme_NILP\" title=\"New India Literacy Programme (NILP)&nbsp;\">New India Literacy Programme (NILP)&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Why_in_the_news-6\" title=\"Why in the news?\u00a0\">Why in the news?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Key_Features_of_NILP\" title=\"Key Features of NILP:&nbsp;\">Key Features of NILP:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Definition_of_Literacy\" title=\"Definition of Literacy:&nbsp;\">Definition of Literacy:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Polaris_Dawn_Mission\" title=\"Polaris Dawn Mission&nbsp;\">Polaris Dawn Mission&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Why_in_the_news-7\" title=\"Why in the news?\u00a0\">Why in the news?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Key_Highlights\" title=\"Key Highlights:\u00a0\">Key Highlights:\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Van_Allen_Belts\" title=\"Van Allen Belts:\u00a0\">Van Allen Belts:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Innovation_in_Space_Communications\" title=\"Innovation in Space Communications:\u00a0\">Innovation in Space Communications:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Registration_of_Exotic_Pets-PARIVESH_20_Portal\" title=\"Registration of Exotic Pets-PARIVESH 2.0 Portal&nbsp;\">Registration of Exotic Pets-PARIVESH 2.0 Portal&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Why_in_the_news-8\" title=\"Why in the news?\u00a0\">Why in the news?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#About_Exotic_Species\" title=\"About Exotic Species:&nbsp;\">About Exotic Species:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Concerns_with_Exotic_Species\" title=\"Concerns with Exotic Species:&nbsp;\">Concerns with Exotic Species:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#About_the_PARIVESH_20_Portal\" title=\"About the PARIVESH 2.0 Portal:&nbsp;\">About the PARIVESH 2.0 Portal:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#RHUMI-1_Indias_First_Reusable_Hybrid_Rocket\" title=\"RHUMI-1: India&#8217;s First Reusable Hybrid Rocket&nbsp;\">RHUMI-1: India&#8217;s First Reusable Hybrid Rocket&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Why_in_the_news-9\" title=\"Why in the news?\u00a0\">Why in the news?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#About_RHUMI-1\" title=\"About RHUMI-1:&nbsp;\">About RHUMI-1:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#About_the_Launch\" title=\"About the Launch:&nbsp;\">About the Launch:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are daily current affairs?\">Q: What are daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?\">Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\" title=\"Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?\">Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\" title=\"Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?\">Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\" title=\"Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?\">Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#To_get_free_counselingsupport_on_UPSC_preparation_from_expert_mentors_please_call_9773890604\" title=\"To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604\">To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/upsc-daily-current-affairs-28th-aug-2024-edukemy\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_Here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 Here\">Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 Here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Railways_plans_to_go_nuclear_as_part_of_its_green_drive\"><\/span><strong>Railways plans to go nuclear as part of its green drive<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: GS &#8211; 3, Science &amp; Technology-\u00a0 Nuclear Technology\u2013 Infrastructure<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_the_news\"><\/span><strong>Why in the news?<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Indian Railways (IR) is exploring the use of nuclear power through captive units to increase its reliance on non-fossil fuel sources and renewable energy.\u00a0<\/li><li>This initiative is part of its broader strategy to reduce carbon emissions and achieve energy efficiency.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"405\" height=\"215\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-419.png\" alt=\"Nuclear-Powered Trains\" class=\"wp-image-45600 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 405px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 405\/215;\" \/><figcaption><strong>Nuclear-Powered Trains<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nuclear-Powered_Trains\"><\/span><strong>Nuclear-Powered Trains:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>About:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>A nuclear-powered train utilises the heat generated from a nuclear reaction to produce high-pressure steam.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This steam drives turbines: one powers the train, while the other generates electricity for onboard equipment like air conditioners and lights.\u00a0<\/li><li>The concept was seriously considered in the 1950s by the USSR&#8217;s Ministry of Transport.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Functioning:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>The design involves a portable nuclear reactor that heats fluid to produce steam. This steam drives electric turbines, generating power for the train.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Safety Considerations:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Thorium reactors, known for their relatively low radiation risks, are being considered. The reactor\u2019s design includes safety features to minimise risks and prevent misuse.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Potential Benefits:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Reduced Carbon Emissions:<\/strong> Nuclear power can significantly reduce CO\u2082 emissions compared to fossil fuels, aiding global climate change efforts.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Energy Efficiency:<\/strong> Nuclear reactors provide high energy output with minimal fuel, potentially reducing operational costs and environmental impact over long distances.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Low Infrastructure Requirements:<\/strong> Nuclear-powered trains could operate independently of overhead electric lines, reducing infrastructure costs and providing operational flexibility.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Extended Range:<\/strong> These trains could travel long distances without frequent refuelling, benefiting both freight and passenger services.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>High Efficiency:<\/strong> Continuous power from nuclear reactors could optimise rail transport performance.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Challenges:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Radiation Risks:<\/strong> Handling nuclear materials and ensuring safety against radiation leaks are significant challenges requiring adequate shielding and safety measures.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>High Costs:<\/strong> Initial costs for developing and implementing nuclear-powered trains are substantial, including expenses for developing small, safe reactors.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Technical Complexity:<\/strong> Designing and maintaining nuclear reactors for moving trains involves complex engineering challenges.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Indian_Railways_Plans_to_Reduce_Reliance_on_Fossil_Fuels\"><\/span>Indian Railways<strong> Plans to Reduce Reliance on Fossil Fuels:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Nuclear Power Exploration:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Discussions with the Nuclear Power Corporation of India (NPCIL) are planned to explore the use of nuclear power.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Indian Railways aims to have its own captive power plants, small reactors, and generating units.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Net Zero Carbon Emission Target:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Indian Railways aims to become a net zero carbon emitter by 2030. It will require 30,000 MW of renewable capacity by 2029-30.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Current Renewable Energy Efforts:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Indian Railways is partnering with organisations like Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI), NTPC, and the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) to expand its renewable energy portfolio.\u00a0<\/li><li>In 2023, approximately 147 MW of solar plants and 103 MW of wind power plants were commissioned.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Achievements:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Railways has electrified nearly 63,500 km of its network, covering over 96% of the total broad-gauge network.\u00a0<\/li><li>Solar rooftop plants have been installed in 2,637 stations and service buildings, with a total power generation capacity of 177 MW.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Need_for_Alternative_Energy_Sources\"><\/span><strong>Need for Alternative Energy Sources:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>High Energy Consumption:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Indian Railways consumes over 20 billion kWh of electricity annually, around 2% of India&#8217;s total power consumption, necessitating sustainable energy solutions.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Increasing Power Demand:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Power requirements are projected to grow significantly, from 4,000 MW in 2012 to approximately 15,000 MW by 2032, due to ongoing electrification efforts.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Electrification Targets:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Indian Railways aims to electrify 100% of its broad-gauge network by 2030, significantly increasing electricity demand and necessitating alternative energy sources.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Environmental Impact:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>The reliance on diesel and electricity results in high CO\u2082 emissions. Indian Railways aims to reduce its emissions intensity by 33% below 2005 levels by 2030.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Diminishing Revenue Surplus:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Railways&#8217; revenue expenditure has grown faster than its revenue receipts, underscoring the need for cost optimization through energy efficiency and alternative energy sources.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Cost Optimization:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Indian Railways is the largest consumer of electricity, spending close to Rs 20,000 crore annually.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>It aims to reduce costs through renewable energy procurement and lower-cost power generation models.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><strong>Conclusion<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The push for alternative energy in Indian Railways is driven by high energy consumption, rising demand, environmental concerns, and cost management needs. While Nuclear Powered Trains offer potential benefits in reducing emissions and boosting efficiency, challenges in safety, cost, and public acceptance must be overcome. With ongoing research and technological advancements, nuclear propulsion could become a viable option for future rail transport.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Civil_Services_Examination_Previous_Year_Questions_PYQs\"><\/span><strong>UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Questions (PYQs)\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prelims\"><\/span><strong>Prelims<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q:1 In the Indian context, what is the implication of ratifying the \u2018Additional Protocol\u2019 with the \u2018International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)\u2019?(2018)&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The civilian nuclear reactors come under IAEA safeguards.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The military nuclear installations come under the inspection of IAEA.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The country will have the privilege to buy uranium from the Nuclear Suppliers Group\u00a0 (NSG).\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The country automatically becomes a member of the NSG.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ans: (a)&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q:2 The function of heavy water in a nuclear reactor is to (2011)&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Slow down the speed of neutrons\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Increase the speed of neutrons\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Cool down the reactor\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Stop the nuclear reaction\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ans: (a)<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mains\"><\/span><strong>Mains&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q:1 The setting up of a Rail Tariff Authority to regulate fares will subject the cash strapped Indian Railways to demand subsidy for the obligation to operate nonprofitable routes and services. Taking into account the experience in the power sector, discuss if the proposed reform is expected to benefit the consumers, the Indian Railways or the private container operators. (2014)&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q:2 Describe the benefits of deriving electric energy from sunlight in contrast to conventional energy generation. What are the initiatives offered by our government for this purpose? (2020)&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q:3 With growing energy needs should India keep on expanding its nuclear energy programme? Discuss the facts and fears associated with nuclear energy. (2018)<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindubusinessline.com\/economy\/logistics\/railways-plans-to-go-nuclear-as-part-of-its-green-drive\/article68569061.ece#:~:text=Indian%20Railways%20is%20exploring%20the,2029%2D30%20to%20achieve%20this.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/a><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Upgrade_for_Indias_weather_department_in_pipeline\"><\/span><strong>Upgrade for India&#8217;s weather department in pipeline<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: GS-1, Geography-\u00a0 Climate &amp; Weather &#8211; Extreme Weather Events<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_the_news-2\"><\/span><strong>Why in the news?<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Recently, A new mission to improve weather forecasting, with a budget of at least Rs 10,000 crore is expected to be launched soon.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>It is likely to be several times bigger than the existing National Monsoon Mission.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"352\" height=\"198\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-418.png\" alt=\"National Monsoon Mission\" class=\"wp-image-45599 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 352px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 352\/198;\" \/><figcaption><strong>National Monsoon Mission<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_the_National_Monsoon_Mission_NMM\"><\/span><strong>What is the National Monsoon Mission (NMM)?<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>About:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Establishment:<\/strong> The NMM has made substantial progress in weather and climate forecasting by developing advanced models.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Forecasting Periods:<\/strong> The models cover short-range (1-10 days), medium-range (10-30 days), and seasonal (up to one season) forecasts.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Achievements:<\/strong> Over the past three years, these models have consistently demonstrated high accuracy in predicting key weather events.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>The targets of Monsoon Mission:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Development of a seamless prediction system using monsoon mission model, on different time scales, like Seasonal (for the whole Monsoon season), Extended range (up-to 4 weeks), Short range prediction (up-to 5 days).\u00a0<\/li><li>Initiate and coordinate working partnership between Indian and foreign institutes to develop a system for prediction of extremes and climate applications\u00a0<\/li><li>Develop and implement systems for climate applications having social impacts (such as agriculture, flood forecast, extreme events forecast, wind energy,etc.)\u00a0<\/li><li>Advanced data assimilation system for preparing high quality data for model predictions.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Major achievements of NMM during the last three years are:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Setting up of an advanced prediction system for Seasonal prediction; Extended range prediction and Very high-resolution Short-range prediction.\u00a0<\/li><li>Commissioning of a Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) for short and medium range prediction at 12 km.\u00a0<\/li><li>The operationalization of the Monsoon Mission dynamical model (MMCFS) to prepare an operational seasonal forecast of monsoon rainfall and temperatures during the hot and cold weather seasons overIndia.\u00a0<\/li><li>Use of MMCFS and extended range prediction system for preparing regional seasonal forecast outlook for south Asia under WMO recognised Regional Climate Center and South Asia Seasonal Climate Outlook Forum (SASCOF)activities.\u00a0<\/li><li>Development of an algorithm to monitor and predict the Monsoon Intraseasonal Oscillations (MISO) and Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) on the extended range.\u00a0<\/li><li>Development of an index to predict the genesis and evolution of tropical cyclones and other cyclonic disturbances over the north IndianOcean.\u00a0<\/li><li>Probabilistic Quantitative Precipitation Forecast over all the Indian river basin have been operationally implemented.\u00a0<\/li><li>GFS\/GEFS forecasts have been extensively used to provide guidance to Forest fire possibility and also to Renewable Energy Sectors namely, wind and solar.\u00a0<\/li><li>Development of a high resolution regional reanalysis product, IMDAA at very high resolution of 12 km.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>The overarching objective of the Scheme is as follows:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Augmentation of observations and their assimilation into weather and climate models\u00a0<\/li><li>Understanding the physical processes through field campaigns\u00a0<\/li><li>Developing and running of high resolution models for giving forecast in allscales\u00a0<\/li><li>Translating science to service and it delivery to society\u00a0<\/li><li>Improving and acquiring the required infrastructure\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Challenges:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Complexity of Monsoon Dynamics:<\/strong> Influenced by oceanic, land, and atmospheric conditions.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Data Limitations:<\/strong> Inconsistent observational data, particularly in remote areas.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>International Collaboration:<\/strong> Aligning methodologies and data-sharing protocols can be complex.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Adaptation to Climate Change:<\/strong> Incorporating new variables and uncertainties into prediction models.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Regional Disparities:<\/strong> Ensuring timely and accurate forecasts for all regions, especially vulnerable areas.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IMD_to_Improve_Weather_Forecasting_Capabilities\"><\/span><strong>IMD to Improve Weather Forecasting Capabilities<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About\"><\/span><strong>About:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Upgrade:<\/strong> The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) is set to receive a major upgrade to enhance weather forecasting, especially for localised and extreme weather events.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Budget:<\/strong> The new mission, with a budget of at least Rs 10,000 crore, aims to improve IMD&#8217;s local prediction accuracy.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Focus Areas:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Advanced Models:<\/strong> Develop computer simulation models suited to India&#8217;s climate.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Infrastructure Enhancement:<\/strong> Deploy sophisticated instruments such as Doppler radars and new weather satellites.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>AI\/ML Integration:<\/strong> Use artificial intelligence and machine learning to improve hyperlocal forecasting. Experimental models in cities like Mumbai have shown promise.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Significance\"><\/span><strong>Significance:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Addressing Challenges:<\/strong> The mission aims to tackle issues exposed by recent extreme weather events like heavy rainfall, landslides, and floods.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Improving Accuracy:<\/strong> Enhance local prediction capabilities to better manage and respond to extreme weather conditions.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0 <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/india-meteorological-department-imd-new-mission-rain-weather-predictions-imd-capabilities-weather-forecasting-capabilities-9534713\/#:~:text=Its%20shortcomings%20having%20been%20routinely,predictions%20with%20far%20greater%20accuracy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RBI_to_launch_Unified_Lending_Interface\"><\/span><strong>RBI to launch Unified Lending Interface<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: GS-3, Economy- Growth &amp; Development- RBI<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_the_news-3\"><\/span><strong>Why in the news?<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is piloting the Unified Lending Interface (ULI), a groundbreaking platform aimed at revolutionising the lending process in India.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>ULI is expected to become the &#8220;UPI&#8221; of the credit sector, offering a frictionless credit experience. The platform is set for a nationwide launch soon.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"321\" height=\"181\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-421.png\" alt=\"Unified Lending Interface\" class=\"wp-image-45602 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 321px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 321\/181;\" \/><figcaption><strong>Unified Lending Interface<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unified_Lending_Interface_ULI\"><\/span><strong>Unified Lending Interface (ULI)<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Background:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Pilot Project Initiation:<\/strong> In August 2023, the RBI launched a pilot project to create a public tech platform designed to streamline credit processes. The aim was to reduce costs, expedite disbursements, and enhance scalability.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Naming of ULI:<\/strong> RBI Governor proposed naming this platform the Unified Lending Interface (ULI), drawing a parallel with how UPI revolutionised payments in India. ULI is anticipated to have a similar transformative impact on lending.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Need for ULI:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Digitalization and Innovation:<\/strong> India&#8217;s rapid digitalization has fostered innovation in payments, credit, and financial services by banks, NBFCs, fintech companies, and startups.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Data Fragmentation:<\/strong> However, credit appraisal data is scattered across various systems, creating barriers to smooth and timely lending. ULI aims to overcome these obstacles.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>About ULI:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Seamless Information Flow:<\/strong> ULI will enable a consent-based flow of digital information, including state land records, from multiple sources to lenders. This will expedite credit appraisals, particularly for smaller and rural borrowers.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Standardised APIs:<\/strong> The platform will simplify technical integrations through standardised APIs, reducing the need for extensive documentation and making credit delivery quicker and more efficient.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Plug-and-Play Approach:<\/strong> ULI is designed for a plug-and-play approach to enable quicker access for lenders. It also ensures data privacy by operating on the consent of potential borrowers.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Benefits:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Addressing Credit Demand:<\/strong> ULI will address the large unmet demand for credit, especially in agriculture and MSME sectors, by digitising access to financial and non-financial data currently housed in separate systems.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Significant Advancement:<\/strong> Experts view ULI, alongside JAM (Jan Dhan, Aadhaar, Mobile) and UPI, as a significant advancement in India&#8217;s digital infrastructure.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unified_Payments_Interface_UPI\"><\/span><strong>Unified Payments Interface (UPI)<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>About:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>System Overview:<\/strong> UPI is a system that integrates multiple bank accounts into a single mobile application, merging various banking features, fund routing, and merchant payments under one platform.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Launch:<\/strong> UPI was launched in 2016 by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Features of UPI:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Instant Money Transfer:<\/strong> UPI allows immediate money transfer through mobile devices, available 24\/7 and 365 days a year.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Single Application:<\/strong> It provides a single mobile application for accessing different bank accounts.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Hassle-Free Transactions:<\/strong> Customers are not required to enter details like Card number, Account number, or IFSC, making transactions simpler.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Benefits of UPI:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>For Banks:<\/strong> UPI offers a universal application for transactions, single-click two-factor authentication, and a safer, more secure transaction process.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>For Merchants:<\/strong> It enables easier fund collection, In-App Payments (IAP), and eliminates the risk of storing customer\u2019s virtual addresses.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>For Customers:<\/strong> UPI provides a single application for various bank accounts, round-the-clock availability, easy complaint resolution through the app, and secure transactions using a Virtual ID.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>UPI Transaction Statistics:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>July 2024 Data:<\/strong> According to NPCI data, UPI transactions in July 2024 amounted to Rs 20,64,292.40 crore in value, with a total transaction count of 14,435.55 million.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-economics\/explained-rbi-unified-lending-interface-9533758\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"India_3_new_Ramsar_sites\"><\/span><strong>India 3 new Ramsar sites<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: GS-3, Ecology &amp; Environment- Biodiversity-\u00a0 Ramsar sites<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_the_news-4\"><\/span><strong>Why in the news?<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Recently, three new wetlands have got the Ramsar site tag taking the total tally of Ramsar wetlands to 85 in India.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The three new Ramsar sites are Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary and Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary in Tamil Nadu and Tawa Reservoir in Madhya Pradesh.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"482\" height=\"208\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-417.png\" alt=\"Ramsar Sites\" class=\"wp-image-45598 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-417.png 482w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-417-480x208.png 480w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 482px) 100vw, 482px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 482px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 482\/208;\" \/><figcaption><strong>Ramsar Sites<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_Wetlands\"><\/span><strong>What are Wetlands?<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>About:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>Wetlands are areas where water is either present at or near the surface, creating distinctive ecosystems.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The Ramsar Convention defines wetlands as regions that can be natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with water that may be static or flowing, and can be fresh, brackish, or saline.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This definition includes marshes, fens, peatlands, and shallow marine waters up to six metres deep at low tide, highlighting the diversity of wetland types and their role in both inland and coastal environments.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Significance:<\/strong> Wetlands are vital for:\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Climate Regulation:<\/strong> Through carbon sequestration, wetlands store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Ecosystem Productivity:<\/strong> They are among the most productive ecosystems globally, comparable to rainforests and coral reefs.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Biodiversity:<\/strong> Wetlands maintain biodiversity, regulate water cycles, and purify water naturally.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Economic and Environmental Stability in India:<\/strong> Indian wetlands, such as the Sundarbans and Chilika Lake, provide crucial habitats for wildlife, support fisheries and agriculture, and play a role in flood control.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Extent in India:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>India&#8217;s wetlands cover approximately 15,260,572 square kilometres (sq km), about 4.63% of the total geographical area.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Of this, inland-natural wetlands constitute 45%, and coastal-natural wetlands account for 25%.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Notable states with significant wetland coverage include Lakshadweep (96.12%), Andaman and Nicobar Islands (18.52%), Daman and Diu (18.46%), and Gujarat (17.56%).\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Conservation Efforts:<\/strong> India has undertaken several initiatives to protect wetlands, including:\u00a0<ul><li>National Wetland Conservation Programme (1986)\u00a0<\/li><li>National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Wetlands (2015)\u00a0<\/li><li>Identification of over 2,200 wetlands for conservation by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_Ramsar_Sites\"><\/span><strong>What are Ramsar Sites?<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>About:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>The Ramsar Convention, established in 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, is an international treaty aimed at conserving and sustainably using wetlands.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>It encourages the designation of &#8220;Ramsar sites,&#8221; which are wetlands of international importance due to their unique ecological features.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Member countries are required to maintain the ecological character of these sites and promote their sustainable management.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Membership:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>The Convention has 172 signatory countries.\u00a0<\/li><li>Associated organisations include the International Union for Conservation of Nature and the World-Wide Fund for Nature.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Criteria for Selection:<\/strong> Ramsar sites are selected based on criteria such as:\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Support for Species:<\/strong> Wetlands that support plant and\/or animal species at critical stages of their life cycles or provide refuge during adverse conditions.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Habitat Capacity:<\/strong> Sites that support significant fish and waterbird populations.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>India&#8217;s Involvement:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>India acceded to the Ramsar Convention in 1982, initially designating Chilika Lake and Keoladeo National Park as Ramsar sites. It now has one of the highest numbers of Ramsar sites in Asia.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Recent_Additions\"><\/span><strong>Recent Additions:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nanjarayan_Bird_Sanctuary_Tamil_Nadu\"><\/span><strong>Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Description:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Location and Size:<\/strong> A vast, shallow wetland situated in Tamil Nadu, covering an area of 125.865 hectares.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Historical Significance:<\/strong> Named after King Nanjarayan, who historically restored the lake.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>River Flowing Through It:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Located on the banks of the Noyyal River.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Significance:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Acts as a crucial feeding and nesting ground for both resident and migratory birds.\u00a0<\/li><li>Serves as an essential water source for local agricultural activities.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Biodiversity:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Birds:<\/strong> 191 species\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Butterflies:<\/strong> 87 species\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Amphibians:<\/strong> 7 species\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Reptiles:<\/strong> 21 species\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Small Mammals:<\/strong> 11 species\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Plants:<\/strong> 77 species\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Fauna:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Commonly found species include pelicans, painted storks, coots, Eurasian coot, spot-billed duck, and various herons.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_Kazhuveli_Sanctuary_Tamil_Nadu\"><\/span><strong>About Kazhuveli Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Description:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Location and Size:<\/strong> Situated on the Coromandel Coast of Tamil Nadu, covering 5,151.6 hectares.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Connectivity:<\/strong> The shallow brackish lake connects to the Bay of Bengal via the Uppukalli Creek and Edayanthittu Estuary.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Designation:<\/strong> Declared Tamil Nadu\u2019s 16th bird sanctuary in 2021.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Ecosystem:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Comprises salt marshes, mudflats, and shallow waters.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Significance:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Flood Control and Groundwater Recharge:<\/strong> Helps in managing floods and recharging groundwater.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Migratory Birds:<\/strong> Serves as a feeding ground for long-distance migratory birds from Central Asia and Siberia, including Black-tailed Godwits, Eurasian Curlews, White Storks, Ruffs, and Dunlins.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Endangered Species:<\/strong> Supports globally endangered species such as the black-headed ibis and greater flamingo.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Flora:<\/strong><ul><li>Features degraded mangrove patches with Avicennia species and extensive reed beds.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Fauna:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Includes spot-billed pelicans, darters, cormorants, herons, egrets, storks, black ibis, spoonbills, flamingos, spot-billed ducks, garganeys, common pochards, sandpipers, coots, shanks, and terns.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_Tawa_Reservoir_Madhya_Pradesh\"><\/span><strong>About Tawa Reservoir, Madhya Pradesh<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Description:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Location:<\/strong> Located in Madhya Pradesh within the Satpura Tiger Reserve, marking the western boundary of Satpura National Park and Bori Wildlife Sanctuary.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Rivers:<\/strong> Situated at the confluence of the Tawa and Denwa rivers.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Significance:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Irrigation and Water Supply:<\/strong> Provides irrigation water for surrounding farmlands and drinking water to local communities.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Bird Migration:<\/strong> Serves as a major wintering ground for migratory birds.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Civil_Services_Examination_Previous_Year_Question_PYQ\"><\/span><strong>UPSC Civil Services Examination Previous Year Question (PYQ)<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prelims-2\"><\/span><strong>Prelims<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q:1 If a wetland of international importance is brought under the \u2018Montreux Record\u2019, what does it imply? (2014)<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring or are likely to occur in the wetland as a result of human interference.\u00a0<\/li><li>The country in which the wetland is located should enact a law to prohibit any human activity within five kilometres from the edge of the wetland.\u00a0<\/li><li>The survival of the wetland depends on the cultural practices and traditions of certain communities living in its vicinity and therefore the cultural diversity therein should not be destroyed.\u00a0<\/li><li>It is given the status of \u2018World Heritage Site.\u2019\u00a0<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ans: (a)<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mains-2\"><\/span><strong>Mains<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q:1 What is wetland? Explain the Ramsar concept of \u2018wise use\u2019 in the context of wetland conservation. Cite two examples of Ramsar sites from India. (2018)<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/india-adds-3-new-ramsar-sites-what-are-wetlands-why-do-they-matter-for-the-environment-9529938\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Education_Ministry_defines_%E2%80%98literacy_%E2%80%98full_literacy\"><\/span><strong>Education Ministry defines \u2018literacy,\u2019 \u2018full literacy<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: GS &#8211; 2, Governance- Education- Government Policies &amp; Interventions<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_the_news-5\"><\/span><strong>Why in the news?<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Union Ministry of Education (MoE) has recently defined &#8220;literacy&#8221; and outlined the criteria for &#8220;full literacy&#8221; under the New India Literacy Programme (NILP) to enhance adult literacy across States.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"299\" height=\"278\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-420.png\" alt=\"New India Literacy Programme\" class=\"wp-image-45601 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 299px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 299\/278;\" \/><figcaption><strong>New India Literacy Programme<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_the_New_India_Literacy_Programme_NILP\"><\/span><strong>What is the New India Literacy Programme (NILP)?<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>About:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Name:<\/strong> ULLAS &#8211; Nav Bharat Saksharta Karyakram\/NILP.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Launched By:<\/strong> Ministry of Education (MoE).\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Duration and Funding:<\/strong> Implemented from FY 2022-23 to 2026-27 with a financial outlay of Rs. 1,037.90 crore (Central share: Rs. 700.00 crore; State share: Rs. 337.90 crore).\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> To empower adults aged 15 and above who missed formal schooling, aiding their integration into society and contributing to national growth.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Components:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Foundational Literacy and Numeracy (FLN).\u00a0<\/li><li>Critical Life Skills.\u00a0<\/li><li>Vocational Skills Development.\u00a0<\/li><li>Basic Education.\u00a0<\/li><li>Continuing Education.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Beneficiaries:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Identified through door-to-door surveys using a mobile app by State\/UT surveyors.\u00a0<\/li><li>Non-literates can also register directly via the mobile app.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Other Information:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>The scheme relies on volunteerism, with volunteers registering through the mobile app.\u00a0<\/li><li>Primarily technology-based, implemented online.\u00a0<\/li><li>Teaching materials are available on the DIKSHA platform of NCERT and accessible via mobile apps.<\/li><li>Additional dissemination modes include TV, Radio, and Samajik Chetna Kendra.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Who_is_Considered_Literate_under_the_NILP\"><\/span><strong>Who is Considered Literate under the NILP?<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Meaning of Literacy:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Literacy involves the ability to read, write, and compute with comprehension, including critical life skills such as digital and financial literacy.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Meaning of Full Literacy:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>A State\/UT achieving 95% literacy is considered fully literate.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Literate Declaration:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Individuals are declared literate after passing the Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Assessment Test (FLNAT).\u00a0<\/li><li>In 2023, 3,994,563 adult learners took the FLNAT exams, with 3,617,303 certified as literate.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Significant_Literacy_Challenge_Faced_by_India\"><\/span><strong>Significant Literacy Challenge Faced by India:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Large Number of Non-Literates:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Census 2011 data shows 25.76 crore non-literate individuals aged 15 and above.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Disadvantage for Women:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Of the non-literate population, 9.08 crore are males and 16.68 crore are females.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Challenges Faced by Non-Literates:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Difficulties in financial transactions, job applications, media comprehension, understanding rights, and participation in higher productivity sectors.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Ineffectiveness of Previous Initiatives:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Despite the Saakshar Bharat program (2009-10 to 2017-18) certifying 7.64 crore as literate, 18.12 crore adults remain illiterate.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Exam Pass Percentage:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>FLNAT pass percentage dropped from 89.64%-91.27% in 2023 to 85.27% in 2024.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Budget Allocation Issues:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>NILP\u2019s allocation was reduced from \u20b9157 crore in 2023-24 to \u20b9100 crore in revised estimates.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/education-ministry-defines-literacy-full-literacy\/article68569537.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"New_India_Literacy_Programme_NILP\"><\/span><strong>New India Literacy Programme (NILP)<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: GS-3, Governance &#8211; Education- Govt. &amp; Policies\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_the_news-6\"><\/span><strong>Why in the news?<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The New India Literacy Programme (NILP) is a centrally sponsored initiative by the Union Ministry of Education aimed at promoting literacy among individuals aged 15 and above in India.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This program focuses on reducing illiteracy rates by providing comprehensive educational resources and support to non-literates.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"336\" height=\"193\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-416.png\" alt=\"New India Literacy Programme\" class=\"wp-image-45597 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 336px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 336\/193;\" \/><figcaption><strong>New India Literacy Programme<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Features_of_NILP\"><\/span><strong>Key Features of NILP:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Objective:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>The NILP aims to achieve full literacy by engaging one crore learners annually across all States and Union Territories during the financial years 2022-23 to 2026-27.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Financial Outlay:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>The program has a total financial outlay of Rs. 1037.90 crore, allocated for its implementation over the five-year period.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Target Group:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>The scheme focuses on individuals aged 15 years and above who are non-literate.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Five Components of NILP:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Foundational Literacy and Numeracy:<\/strong> Basic reading, writing, and arithmetic skills.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Critical Life Skills:<\/strong> Including financial literacy, digital literacy, legal literacy, healthcare, childcare, family welfare, etc.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Basic Education:<\/strong> Equivalency education for preparatory (classes 3-5), middle (classes 6-8), and secondary (classes 9-12) stages.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Vocational Skills:<\/strong> Continuous learning process for skill development to obtain local employment.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Continuing Education:<\/strong> Holistic adult education courses in various fields like arts, sciences, technology, culture, sports, recreation, and other topics relevant to local learners.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Implementation Mechanism:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Volunteerism:<\/strong> The scheme is primarily volunteer-driven, with volunteers registering via a mobile app to assist in teaching.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Technology-Based:<\/strong> NILP leverages digital platforms for content delivery, predominantly through online modes. Teaching and learning materials are available on the DIKSHA platform of NCERT and can be accessed via mobile apps.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Survey and Registration:<\/strong> Beneficiaries are identified through door-to-door surveys conducted via mobile apps. Non-literate individuals can also register directly through the app.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Dissemination Channels:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>Besides digital platforms, the program uses TV, Radio, and Samajik Chetna Kendra for spreading foundational literacy and numeracy.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Community Involvement:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li>The program encourages the participation of Self-Help Groups (SHGs), voluntary organisations, and other community-based groups.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Definition_of_Literacy\"><\/span><strong>Definition of Literacy:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Literacy under NILP is defined as the ability to read, write, and compute with comprehension, along with acquiring critical life skills like digital and financial literacy.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Full Literacy:<\/strong> Achieving a 95% literacy rate in a State or Union Territory will be considered equivalent to 100% literacy.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Literacy Assessment:<\/strong> A non-literate person is deemed literate under NILP after passing the Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Assessment Test (FLNAT).\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/education-ministry-defines-literacy-full-literacy\/article68569537.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Polaris_Dawn_Mission\"><\/span><strong>Polaris Dawn Mission<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: GS-3, Science &amp; Technology- Space technology<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_the_news-7\"><\/span><strong>Why in the news?<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Polaris Dawn Mission is an ambitious private spaceflight endeavour aiming to push the boundaries of commercial space exploration.\u00a0<\/li><li>Spearheaded by billionaire entrepreneur Jared Isaacman, this mission will set several records and conduct groundbreaking research in space.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"335\" height=\"189\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-423.png\" alt=\"Polaris Dawn Mission\u00a0\" class=\"wp-image-45604 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 335px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 335\/189;\" \/><figcaption><strong>Polaris Dawn Mission<\/strong>\u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Highlights\"><\/span><strong>Key Highlights:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>About:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>First Private Spacewalk:<\/strong> The mission will mark the first-ever spacewalk conducted by non-professional astronauts, setting a new precedent in commercial space exploration.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Unprecedented Altitude:<\/strong> The mission will reach an altitude of approximately 700 kilometres (435 miles) above Earth, surpassing the orbit of the International Space Station (ISS) and navigating through the Van Allen radiation belts.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Spacecraft:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>The mission will utilise SpaceX&#8217;s Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon capsule.\u00a0<\/li><li>The spacecraft aims to break the altitude record set by NASA\u2019s Gemini 11 mission in 1966, which reached 1,373 kilometres.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Crew Leadership:<\/strong> Jared Isaacman, known for financing and flying on SpaceX\u2019s Inspiration4 mission, leads this mission.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Van_Allen_Belts\"><\/span><strong>Van Allen Belts:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Composition and Location:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>The Van Allen Belts consist of charged particles trapped by Earth&#8217;s magnetosphere.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The inner belt is composed primarily of high-energy protons, located between 680 and 3,000 kilometres above Earth.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The outer belt, at 15,000 to 20,000 kilometres, consists mainly of high-energy electrons.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Radiation Risks:<\/strong> The crew will be exposed to higher levels of radiation due to the mission&#8217;s trajectory through the Van Allen Belts, increasing the risks of radiation sickness, tissue damage, and cancer.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Significance of the Spacewalk:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Navigating the Van Allen Belts:<\/strong> This mission&#8217;s ability to traverse these radiation-intense regions is crucial for future deep-space missions, such as those planned for Mars.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Testing New Spacesuits:<\/strong> SpaceX-developed spacesuits will be tested during the spacewalk to assess their effectiveness in protecting against heightened radiation levels.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Planned Health Research:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Biological Effects:<\/strong> The mission will study the impact of space travel on human biology, including the effects on eyesight and brain structure, particularly focusing on Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS).\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Decompression Sickness:<\/strong> Research will also address decompression sickness, a condition caused by nitrogen gas bubbles that can damage human tissue during spaceflight.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Innovation_in_Space_Communications\"><\/span><strong>Innovation in Space Communications:<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Laser Communications Test:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>The crew will test SpaceX\u2019s Starlink satellite network\u2019s laser communications, a technology critical for future lunar and Martian missions.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This test will provide valuable data for developing advanced space communication systems.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Future Polaris Missions:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Mission Progression:<\/strong> Jared Isaacman has committed to three Polaris missions, each pushing the boundaries of human spaceflight, communications, and scientific research.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Starship Test:<\/strong> The third Polaris mission is expected to involve the first crewed test of SpaceX\u2019s reusable Starship spacecraft, further advancing space exploration capabilities.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source : <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-sci-tech\/polaris-dawn-mars-9529662\/#:~:text=The%20Polaris%20Dawn%20spacewalk%20will,and%20eventually%20on%20to%20Mars.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Registration_of_Exotic_Pets-PARIVESH_20_Portal\"><\/span><strong>Registration of Exotic Pets-PARIVESH 2.0 Portal<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags- GS-3, Ecology &amp; Environment- Species &#8211; Govt. Incentive\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_the_news-8\"><\/span><strong>Why in the news?<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has mandated the registration of exotic pets listed under Schedule IV of the Wildlife Act through the PARIVESH 2.0 portal.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This registration must be completed within six months.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"370\" height=\"260\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-422.png\" alt=\"Exotic Species\" class=\"wp-image-45603 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 370px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 370\/260;\" \/><figcaption><strong>Exotic Species<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_Exotic_Species\"><\/span><strong>About Exotic Species:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Definition:<\/strong> Exotic species are animals or plants that are moved from their natural habitats to new locations, often due to human activities.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Criteria:<\/strong> Under the Living Animal Species (Reporting and Registration) Rules, 2024, individuals possessing species listed under Schedule IV of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, are required to report and register them.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022:<\/strong> This amendment mandates the registration of possession, transfer, birth, and death of species listed in the CITES Appendices and Schedule IV of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Concerns_with_Exotic_Species\"><\/span><strong>Concerns with Exotic Species:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Non-regulation:<\/strong> Many exotic species are imported and bred in India without proper registration, posing risks such as zoonotic diseases.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Pandemic Risk:<\/strong> The unregulated trade and ownership of exotic animals can lead to a heightened risk of pandemics.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Smuggling Concerns:<\/strong> There is increasing smuggling of endangered exotic animals into India, particularly from Southeast Asia. Significant seizures of animals like Kangaroos, Koalas, and Lemurs have been reported in states like Assam and Mizoram.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_the_PARIVESH_20_Portal\"><\/span><strong>About the PARIVESH 2.0 Portal:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>PARIVESH 2.0:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>This is a web-based workflow application developed by the MoEFCC.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>It facilitates the online submission and monitoring of proposals related to environmental, forest, wildlife, and coastal regulation zone clearances.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Registration Requirement:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>Individuals, organisations, and zoos possessing exotic animal species listed under Schedule IV of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, must report and register these species on the PARIVESH 2.0 portal.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>This is a crucial step for regulating and monitoring exotic species in India.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2047102#:~:text=The%20six%2Dmonth%20period%20would,penal%20actions%20for%20non%2Dcompliance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RHUMI-1_Indias_First_Reusable_Hybrid_Rocket\"><\/span><strong>RHUMI-1: India&#8217;s First Reusable Hybrid Rocket<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Tags: GS-3, Science &amp; Technology- Space technology<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_in_the_news-9\"><\/span><strong>Why in the news?<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India has achieved a significant milestone by launching its first reusable hybrid rocket, RHUMI-1.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"289\" height=\"162\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-425.png\" alt=\"RHUMI-1\" class=\"wp-image-45607 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 289px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 289\/162;\" \/><figcaption><strong>RHUMI-1<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_RHUMI-1\"><\/span><strong>About RHUMI-1:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>India&#8217;s First Reusable Hybrid Rocket:<\/strong> RHUMI-1 marks a pioneering step in India&#8217;s space technology, being the country&#8217;s first rocket designed for reuse with a hybrid propulsion system.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Development:<\/strong> It was developed by the Tamil Nadu-based startup Space Zone India in collaboration with the Martin Group.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Hybrid Propulsion System:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>RHUMI-1 features an innovative hybrid propulsion system that combines the benefits of both liquid and solid fuels.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>The rocket uses a solid propellant and a liquid oxidizer, with these components only coming together during combustion, thus reducing the risk of accidental detonation.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Efficiency and Cost-Effectiveness:<\/strong> The hybrid design promises improved efficiency and reduced operational costs, making it a breakthrough in space technology.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Eco-Friendly Features:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<ul><li>RHUMI-1 is equipped with a CO\u2082-triggered parachute system, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective mechanism that ensures the safe recovery of rocket components post-launch.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Additionally, the rocket is completely free of fireworks and does not use Trinitrotoluene (TNT).\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_the_Launch\"><\/span><strong>About the Launch:<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Launch Location:<\/strong> RHUMI-1 was launched from the East Coast Road Beach in Thiruvidandhai, Chennai.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Payload:<\/strong> The rocket carried three Cube Satellites and 50 Pico Satellites. These were launched into a suborbital trajectory.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Hydraulic Mobile Launch System:<\/strong> The rocket utilised India\u2019s first hydraulic mobile launch system, which allows for flexible and adaptable launch operations from various locations and angles between 0 to 120 degrees.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Mission Objectives:<\/strong>\u00a0<ul><li><strong>Cube Satellites:<\/strong> These are designed to monitor and collect data on atmospheric conditions, such as cosmic radiation intensity, UV radiation intensity, and air quality.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Pico Satellites:<\/strong> These will focus on analysing environmental factors like vibrations, accelerometer readings, altitude, ozone levels, and toxic substances, contributing valuable insights into atmospheric dynamics.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/india-launches-its-1st-reusable-hybrid-rocket-rhumi-1\/article68561465.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-0bdc90fc-9ad9-4d85-813a-5e4514b0e8b6\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-40cac27d-7b4a-4665-868c-b163c24eb4a5\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are daily current affairs?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-fe62b79c-ca63-44f8-a0c0-96c6a45e15ad\">A: Daily current affairs refer to the most recent and relevant events, developments, and news stories that are happening around the world on a day-to-day basis. These can encompass a wide range of topics, including politics, economics, science, technology, sports, and more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-23001c40-3e00-420c-87f5-59940aaadbfb\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Why_is_it_important_to_stay_updated_with_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: Why is it important to stay updated with daily current affairs?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-0f058a42-e04b-44b6-81f4-497c1a633829\">A: Staying updated with daily current affairs is crucial because it helps individuals make informed decisions in their personal and professional lives. It enables people to understand the world around them, stay aware of significant events, and engage in informed discussions about important issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-f1b64586-072f-4a35-bff3-97a46102d2fe\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_Where_can_I_access_daily_current_affairs_information\"><\/span>Q: Where can I access daily current affairs information?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-9f6f3877-b05b-40e5-a5e7-51a52c31f635\">A: There are various sources for daily current affairs, including newspapers, news websites, television news broadcasts, radio programs, and dedicated apps or newsletters. Social media platforms are also widely used to share and access current affairs information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-b41e7968-7b82-4543-ae5d-1a71348811b7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_How_can_I_effectively_incorporate_daily_current_affairs_into_my_routine\"><\/span>Q: How can I effectively incorporate daily current affairs into my routine?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-53c64a77-8d12-44ff-989d-c58a2d4f4266\">A: To incorporate daily current affairs into your routine, consider setting aside specific times each day to read or watch news updates. You can also subscribe to newsletters or follow news apps to receive curated content. Engaging in discussions with peers or participating in online forums can further enhance your understanding of current events.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-f7cc4377-09d9-44ed-8cf7-babf2bd11d35\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_What_are_some_tips_for_critical_analysis_of_daily_current_affairs\"><\/span>Q: What are some tips for critical analysis of daily current affairs?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-298260d9-b933-4357-abd6-0c751a6b0b53\">A: When analyzing daily current affairs, it&#8217;s essential to cross-reference information from multiple sources to ensure accuracy. Additionally, consider the source&#8217;s credibility and bias, if any. Develop the ability to identify the main points and implications of news stories, and critically evaluate the significance and impact of the events reported.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-e6963b04-cab6-4c30-87bb-2fbbac2c189a\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"To_get_free_counselingsupport_on_UPSC_preparation_from_expert_mentors_please_call_9773890604\"><\/span><strong>To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-0d0ed6e9-ce2e-4b93-8d2b-f04518480f92\"><li>Join our Main Telegram Channel and access PYQs, Current Affairs and UPSC&nbsp; Guidance for free \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/Edukemy4IAS\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/li><li>Learn Economy for free-<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/+uq2Jq2ezMHE3ZjA1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Economy for UPSC<\/a><\/li><li>Learn CSAT &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/+4hdxnlyVN_swNDNl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CSAT for UPSC<\/a><\/li><li>Mains Answer Writing Practice-<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/+HS9DZh7PTytkNjJl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mains Answer Writing<\/a><\/li><li>For UPSC Prelims Resources, <a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-d43aa89b-d314-4863-a7c4-071ab0c592d5\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_Here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@EduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today&#8217;s daily current affairs briefing for UPSC aspirants explores the latest developments relevant to the upcoming civil services examination.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":45596,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[265],"tags":[160,161,232,140],"class_list":["post-45594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs-upsc","tag-upsc","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45594","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45594"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45594\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45612,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45594\/revisions\/45612"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45596"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}