{"id":46369,"date":"2024-09-23T11:01:05","date_gmt":"2024-09-23T11:01:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=46369"},"modified":"2024-09-23T11:01:06","modified_gmt":"2024-09-23T11:01:06","slug":"geography-optional-upsc-edukemy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/","title":{"rendered":"Geography Optional &#8211; UPSC &#8211; Edukemy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Geography Optional is one of the most approved and desired subjects among the UPSC Aspirants. Geography is a subject that combines both science and human aspects\u2014it&#8217;s broad, detailed, and has many layers to understand. It\u2019s a great choice among students with a humanities or art background. It covers physical and human geography, blending scientific concepts and real-world issues like climate, resources, population, and urban planning. The subject is well-structured, and with the right preparation, it can be easier to grasp than other optionals. Also, it helps develop a better understanding of current affairs related to the environment, disaster management, and international relations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-prelims-support-program-with-test-series\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"300\" data-id=\"47045\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/bannner-1600-x-1600-2400-x-1392-px-1280-x-300-px-1024x300.png\" alt=\"PSP 2025\" class=\"wp-image-47045\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e1a3cecd7bb\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e1a3cecd7bb\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Pros_Cons_of_taking_Geography_Optional\" title=\"Pros &amp; Cons of taking Geography Optional:\">Pros &amp; Cons of taking Geography Optional:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Pros_of_taking_Geography_Optional_UPSC\" title=\"Pros of taking Geography Optional UPSC:\">Pros of taking Geography Optional UPSC:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Cons_of_taking_Geography_Optional_UPSC\" title=\"Cons of taking Geography Optional UPSC:\">Cons of taking Geography Optional UPSC:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Exam_Pattern_of_Geography_Optional_UPSC\" title=\"Exam Pattern of Geography Optional UPSC:\">Exam Pattern of Geography Optional UPSC:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Geography_Optional_Syllabus\" title=\"Geography Optional Syllabus:\">Geography Optional Syllabus:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Syllabus_of_Geography_Paper_%E2%80%93_I_PRINCIPLES_OF_GEOGRAPHY\" title=\"Syllabus of Geography Paper &#8211; I (PRINCIPLES OF GEOGRAPHY)\">Syllabus of Geography Paper &#8211; I (PRINCIPLES OF GEOGRAPHY)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Physical_Geography\" title=\"Physical Geography\">Physical Geography<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Human_Geography\" title=\"Human Geography\">Human Geography<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Syllabus_of_Geography_Paper_%E2%80%93_II\" title=\"Syllabus of Geography Paper &#8211; II\">Syllabus of Geography Paper &#8211; II<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Geography_of_India\" title=\"Geography of India\">Geography of India<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Preparation_Strategy_for_Geography_Optional_UPSC\" title=\"Preparation Strategy for Geography Optional UPSC\">Preparation Strategy for Geography Optional UPSC<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Recommended_books_for_Geography_Optional_UPSC\" title=\"Recommended books for Geography Optional UPSC:\">Recommended books for Geography Optional UPSC:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#To_get_free_counselingsupport_on_UPSC_preparation_from_expert_mentors_please_call_9773890604\" title=\"To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604\">To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/geography-optional-upsc-edukemy\/#Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_Here\" title=\"Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 Here\">Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 Here<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pros_Cons_of_taking_Geography_Optional\"><\/span><strong>Pros &amp; Cons of taking Geography Optional:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pros_of_taking_Geography_Optional_UPSC\"><\/span>Pros of taking Geography Optional UPSC:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Scoring potential<\/strong>: Geography is known to be a high-scoring subject if prepared well, with straightforward questions and plenty of diagrams.<\/li><li><strong>Overlap with General Studies<\/strong>: Many topics in Geography overlap with GS papers, especially in areas like environment, disaster management, and world geography, saving time in preparation.<\/li><li><strong>Visual learning<\/strong>: Geography allows the use of maps, diagrams, and charts, which can make answers more presentable and easier to understand.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cons_of_taking_Geography_Optional_UPSC\"><\/span>Cons of taking Geography Optional UPSC:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Extensive syllabus<\/strong>: Geography has a vast syllabus, covering both physical geography and human geography. It can take time to cover everything thoroughly.<\/li><li><strong>Conceptual clarity needed<\/strong>: Some topics in geography require strong conceptual understanding, and mechanical memorization won\u2019t help much.<\/li><li><strong>High competition<\/strong>: Geography is a popular optional, which means many candidates choose it, leading to tough competition in securing top scores.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exam_Pattern_of_Geography_Optional_UPSC\"><\/span>Exam Pattern of Geography Optional UPSC:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The geography Optional Exam consists of two papers, Optional Paper 1 and Optional Paper 2, each paper has 250 marks.<\/li><li>Papers are in both languages, English and Hindi. There is no negative marking.<\/li><li>Candidates must choose at least one question from each section, in addition to questions 1 and 5.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Candidates should illustrate their answers with sketches, maps, or diagrams where appropriate.<\/li><li>Any page or portion of a page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet must be struck off.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Geography_Optional_Syllabus\"><\/span>Geography Optional Syllabus:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Syllabus_of_Geography_Paper_%E2%80%93_I_PRINCIPLES_OF_GEOGRAPHY\"><\/span>Syllabus of Geography Paper &#8211; I (PRINCIPLES OF GEOGRAPHY)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Physical_Geography\"><\/span>Physical Geography<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Geomorphology<\/strong>: Factors controlling landform development; endogenetic and exogenetic forces; Origin and evolution of the earth\u2019s crusts; Fundamentals of geomagnetism; Physical conditions of the earth\u2019s interior; Geosynclines; Continental drift; Isostasy; Plate tectonics; Recent views on mountain building; Volcanicity; Earthquakes and Tsunamis; Concepts of geomorphic cycles and Landscape development; Denudation chronology; Channel morphology; Erosion surfaces; Slope development; Applied Geomorphology; Geomorphology, economic geology, and environment.<\/li><li><strong>Climatology<\/strong>: Temperature and pressure belts of the world; Heat budget of the earth; Atmospheric circulation; Atmospheric stability and instability. Planetary and local winds; Monsoons and jet streams; Air masses and fronts; Temperate and tropical cyclones; Types and distribution of precipitation; Weather and Climate; Koppen\u2019s Thornthwaite\u2019s and Trewartha\u2019s classification of world climate; Hydrological cycle; Global climatic change, and role and response of man in climatic changes Applied climatology and Urban climate.<\/li><li><strong>Oceanography<\/strong>: Bottom topography of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans; Temperature and salinity of the oceans; Heat and salt budgets, Ocean deposits; Waves, currents, and tides; Marine resources; biotic, mineral, and energy resources; Coral reefs coral bleaching; Sea-level changes; Law of the sea and marine pollution.<\/li><li><strong>Biogeography<\/strong>: Genesis of soils; Classification and distribution of soils; Soil profile; Soil erosion, Degradation, and conservation; Factors influencing world distribution of plants and animals; Problems of deforestation and conservation measures; Social forestry, agro-forestry; Wildlife; Major gene pool centers.<\/li><li><strong>Environmental Geography<\/strong>: Principle of ecology; Human ecological adaptations; Influence of man on ecology and environment; Global and regional ecological changes and imbalances; Ecosystem their management and conservation; Environmental degradation, management, and conservation; Biodiversity and sustainable development; Environmental policy; Environmental hazards and remedial measures; Environmental education and legislation.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Human_Geography\"><\/span>Human Geography<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Perspectives in Human Geography<\/strong>: Areal differentiation; regional synthesis; Dichotomy and dualism; Environmentalism; Quantitative revolution and locational analysis; Radical, behavioral, human, and welfare approaches; Languages, religions, and secularisation; Cultural regions of the world; Human development index.<\/li><li><strong>Economic Geography<\/strong>: World economic development: measurement and problems; World resources and their distribution; Energy crisis; The limits to growth; World agriculture: a typology of agricultural regions; Agricultural inputs and productivity; Food and nutrition problems; Food security; famine: causes, effects, and remedies; World industries: location patterns and problems; Patterns of world trade.<\/li><li><strong>Population and Settlement Geography<\/strong>: Growth and distribution of world population; Demographic attributes; Causes and consequences of migration; Concepts of the over-under-and optimum population; Population theories, world population problems and policies, Social well-being and quality of life; Population as social capital. Types and patterns of rural settlements; Environmental issues in rural settlements; Hierarchy of urban settlements; Urban morphology; Concept of primate city and rank-size rule; Functional classification of towns; Sphere of urban influence; Rural-urban fringe; Satellite towns; Problems and remedies of urbanization; Sustainable development of cities.<\/li><li><strong>Regional Planning<\/strong>: Concept of a region; Types of regions and methods of regionalization; Growth centers and growth poles; Regional imbalances; Regional development strategies; environmental issues in regional planning; Planning for sustainable development.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Models, Theories, and Laws in Human Geography<\/strong>: System analysis in Human geography; Malthusian, Marxian, and demographic transition models; Central Place theories of Christaller and Losch; Perroux and Boudeville; Von Thunen\u2019s model of agricultural location; Weber\u2019s model of industrial location; Ostov\u2019s model of stages of growth. Heartland and Rimland theories; Laws of international boundaries and frontiers.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"EXCLUSIVE SNIPPET! Watch This Video To Know More About Geography Optional Subject | Shabbir Sir\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/l6hYAGJicqU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Syllabus_of_Geography_Paper_%E2%80%93_II\"><\/span>Syllabus of Geography Paper &#8211; II<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Geography_of_India\"><\/span>Geography of India<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Physical Setting<\/strong>: Space relationship of India with neighboring countries; Structure and relief; Drainage system and watersheds; Physiographic regions; Mechanism of Indian monsoons and rainfall patterns; Tropical cyclones and western disturbances; Floods and droughts; Climatic regions; Natural vegetation, Soil types and their distributions.<\/li><li><strong>Resources<\/strong>: Land, surface and ground water, energy, minerals, biotic and marine resources, Forest and wildlife resources and their conservation; Energy crisis.<\/li><li><strong>Agriculture<\/strong>: Infrastructure: irrigation, seeds, fertilizers, power; Institutional factors; land holdings, land tenure and land reforms; Cropping pattern, agricultural productivity, agricultural intensity, crop combination, land capability; Agro and social-forestry; Green revolution and its socio-economic and ecological implications; Significance of dry farming; Livestock resources and white revolution; Aquaculture; Sericulture, Agriculture, and poultry; Agricultural regionalization; Agro-climatic zones; Agroecological regions.<\/li><li><strong>Industry<\/strong>: Evolution of industries; Locational factors of cotton, jute, textile, iron and steel, aluminum, fertilizer, paper, chemical and pharmaceutical, automobile, cottage, and ago-based industries; Industrial houses and complexes including public sector undertakings; Industrial regionalization; New industrial policy; Multinationals and liberalization; Special Economic Zones; Tourism including ecotourism.<\/li><li><strong>Transport, Communication, and Trade<\/strong>: Road, railway, waterway, airway, and pipeline networks and their complementary roles in regional development; Growing importance of ports on national and foreign trade; Trade balance; Trade Policy; Export processing zones; Developments in communication and information technology and their impacts on economy and society; Indian space program.<\/li><li><strong>Cultural Setting<\/strong>: Historical Perspective of Indian Society; Racial linguistic and ethnic diversities; Religious minorities; Major tribes, tribal areas, and their problems; Cultural regions; Growth, distribution, and density of population; Demographic attributes: sex-ratio, age structure, literacy rate, work-force, dependency ratio, longevity; migration (inter-regional, intraregional and international) and associated problems; Population problems and policies; Health indicators.<\/li><li><strong>Settlements<\/strong>: Types, patterns, and morphology of rural settlements; Urban developments; Morphology of Indian cities; Functional classification of Indian cities; Conurbations and metropolitan regions; Urban sprawl; Slums and associated problems; Town planning; Problems of urbanization and remedies.<\/li><li><strong>Regional Development and Planning<\/strong>: Experience of regional planning in India; Five Year Plans; Integrated rural development programs; Panchayati Raj and decentralized planning; Command area development; Watershed management; Planning for the backward area, desert, drought-prone, hill tribal area development; Multi-level planning; Regional planning and development of island territories.<\/li><li><strong>Political Aspects<\/strong>: Geographical basis of Indian federalism; State reorganization; Emergence of new states; Regional consciousness and inter-state issues; International boundary of India and related issues; Cross-border terrorism; India\u2019s role in world affairs; Geopolitics of South Asia and Indian Ocean realm.<\/li><li><strong>Contemporary Issues<\/strong>: Ecological issues: Environmental hazards: landslides, earthquakes, Tsunamis, floods and droughts, epidemics; Issues related to environmental pollution; Changes in patterns of land use; Principles of environmental impact assessment and environmental management; Population explosion and food security; Environmental degradation; Deforestation, desertification, and soil erosion; Problems of agrarian and industrial unrest; Regional disparities in economic development; Concept of sustainable growth and development; Environmental awareness; Linkage of rivers; Globalisation and Indian economy.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Preparation_Strategy_for_Geography_Optional_UPSC\"><\/span>Preparation Strategy for Geography Optional UPSC<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Choose the Best Geography Optional Teacher for UPSC<\/strong>: Selecting the right mentor is crucial for success. Shabbir sir, is highly regarded for his in-depth knowledge of the subject and his ability to simplify complex topics. <a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/best-upsc-general-studies-and-geography-teacher-shabbir-sir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Shabbir Sir&#8217;s<\/strong><\/a> teaching style is engaging and student-friendly, making it easier for aspirants to grasp difficult concepts.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>Effective Answer Writing for Geography Optional<\/strong>: Master geography optional answer writing techniques. Regular practice with feedback can refine aspirants&#8217; skills and boost their scores.<\/li><li><strong>Develop a Personalized Strategy for Geography Optional<\/strong>: Tailor the preparation strategy for geography to strengths and weaknesses. Consistency and dedication are key.<\/li><li><strong>Practice Geography Optional Answer Writing<\/strong>: Regular answer writing for geography optional helps in managing time and improving clarity. Review and revise students&#8217; answers with guidance from a mentor.<\/li><li><strong>Evaluate Your Progress<\/strong>: Regular assessments and feedback from the best geography optional mentors help in tracking aspirant progress and identifying areas for improvement.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Recommended_books_for_Geography_Optional_UPSC\"><\/span>Recommended books for Geography Optional UPSC:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>NCERT Class 11th and 12th<\/li><li>Certificate Physical and Human Geography by GC Leong<\/li><li>Physical Geography By Savindra Singh<\/li><li>Indian Geography by D R Khullar<\/li><li>Human Geography by Majid Hussain<\/li><li>Models and Theories by Majid Hussain<\/li><li>Geographical Thought by RD Dikshit<\/li><li>Geography of India by Majid Hussain<\/li><li>Settlement Geography by K Siddhartha<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-e6963b04-cab6-4c30-87bb-2fbbac2c189a\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"To_get_free_counselingsupport_on_UPSC_preparation_from_expert_mentors_please_call_9773890604\"><\/span><strong>To get free counseling\/support on UPSC preparation from expert mentors please call 9773890604<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-0d0ed6e9-ce2e-4b93-8d2b-f04518480f92\"><li>Join our Main Telegram Channel and access PYQs, Current Affairs and UPSC&nbsp; Guidance for free \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/Edukemy4IAS\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/li><li>Learn Economy for free-<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/+uq2Jq2ezMHE3ZjA1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Economy for UPSC<\/a><\/li><li>Learn CSAT &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/+4hdxnlyVN_swNDNl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CSAT for UPSC<\/a><\/li><li>Mains Answer Writing Practice-<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/+HS9DZh7PTytkNjJl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mains Answer Writing<\/a><\/li><li>For UPSC Prelims Resources, <a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/free-resources-for-upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-d43aa89b-d314-4863-a7c4-071ab0c592d5\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Visit_our_YouTube_Channel_%E2%80%93_Here\"><\/span>Visit our YouTube Channel \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@EduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Geography Optional is one of the most approved and desired subjects among the UPSC Aspirants. Geography is a subject that combines both science and human aspects<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":46371,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[143,217,3602,3654,3482,3588,140],"class_list":["post-46369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogs","tag-geography_optional","tag-geography-optional-mains-paper-year-wise","tag-geography-optional-syllabus","tag-geography-optional-upsc","tag-upsc-geography-optional","tag-upsc-geography-optional-strategy","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46369"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46369\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46372,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46369\/revisions\/46372"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/46371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46369"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46369"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}