<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nAfter the deadly Pahalgam terror attack<\/strong>, India launched precise airstrikes under Operation Sindoor<\/strong>, responding strongly to the loss of innocent lives. Pakistan retaliated with its own aerial strikes, escalating tensions between the two nuclear-armed neighbours. Thankfully, a US-brokered ceasefire helped prevent a full-blown war \u2014 for now. But this isn\u2019t the first time these two nations have come close to the brink.<\/p>\n\n\n\nSince their partition in 1947<\/strong>, India and Pakistan have fought four major wars<\/strong>, faced multiple terror attacks<\/strong>, and gone through decades of military standoffs. In this blog, we take a detailed look at all major India-Pakistan wars and terror attacks<\/strong>, their causes, outcomes, and long-term impact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/span>The First Indo-Pak War (1947\u20131948)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nAfter Partition, tribal militias from Pakistan invaded Jammu & Kashmir. The then-Maharaja Hari Singh<\/strong> signed the Instrument of Accession<\/strong> with India, prompting India to send in troops.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- UN-brokered ceasefire<\/strong> in 1949 led to the formation of the Line of Control (LoC)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- One-third of Kashmir<\/strong> went to Pakistan \u2014 now known as PoK (Pakistan-occupied Kashmir)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- This territorial dispute remains unresolved to this day.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>The Second Indo-Pak War (1965)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nFollowing its loss in 1947, Pakistan tried to secretly infiltrate Indian-administered Kashmir to spark an insurgency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- India responded with full-scale military action.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- The war ended with the Tashkent Agreement<\/strong> in 1966.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri<\/strong> signed the agreement but passed away the next day, officially due to a heart attack \u2014 though his death remains controversial due to lack of post-mortem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>The Third Indo-Pak War (1971) \u2014 Bangladesh Liberation War<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nTensions in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh)<\/strong> and Operation Searchlight led to mass atrocities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Millions of Bengali refugees entered India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- India intervened, leading to a decisive victory.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Over 90,000 Pakistani troops surrendered<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Bangladesh became an independent nation<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n