{"id":9892,"date":"2023-09-20T07:30:04","date_gmt":"2023-09-20T07:30:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/?p=9892"},"modified":"2024-01-24T06:22:49","modified_gmt":"2024-01-24T06:22:49","slug":"atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Atmosphere and Its Composition-Geography Optional Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-geography?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Geography\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/14.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42410\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/14.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/14-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/14-585x137.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The atmosphere is a gaseous envelope that surrounds the earth from all sides and is attached to the earth\u2019s surface by gravitational force.<\/li><li>The height of the atmosphere is estimated between 16 to 29 thousand km from the sea level.<\/li><li>It is estimated that 97% of the effective atmosphere is up to the height of 29 km. The early atmosphere was ANOXYGENIC (without oxygen).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d46fdbad0d8\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d46fdbad0d8\"  \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#Origin_of_Atmosphere\" title=\"Origin of Atmosphere\">Origin of Atmosphere<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#Composition_of_Atmosphere\" title=\"Composition of Atmosphere\">Composition of Atmosphere<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#LayeringStructure_of_Atmosphere\" title=\"Layering\/Structure of Atmosphere\">Layering\/Structure of Atmosphere<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#A_based_on_temperature\" title=\"(A) based on temperature:\">(A) based on temperature:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#i_Troposphere\" title=\"(i) Troposphere\">(i) Troposphere<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#ii_Stratosphere\" title=\"(ii) Stratosphere:\">(ii) Stratosphere:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#iii_Mesosphere\" title=\"(iii) Mesosphere:\">(iii) Mesosphere:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#iv_Thermosphere\" title=\"(iv) Thermosphere:\">(iv) Thermosphere:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#%E2%86%92_IONOSPHERE\" title=\"\u2192 IONOSPHERE:\">\u2192 IONOSPHERE:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#%E2%86%92_EXOSPHERE\" title=\"\u2192 EXOSPHERE:\">\u2192 EXOSPHERE:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#B_based_on_Chemical_characteristics\" title=\"B. based on Chemical characteristics\">B. based on Chemical characteristics<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#i_Homosphere\" title=\"(i) Homosphere:\">(i) Homosphere:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#ii_Heterosphere\" title=\"(ii) Heterosphere:\">(ii) Heterosphere:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#Q1_What_is_the_composition_of_Earths_atmosphere\" title=\"Q1: What is the composition of Earth&#8217;s atmosphere?\">Q1: What is the composition of Earth&#8217;s atmosphere?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#Q2_How_does_the_atmosphere_contribute_to_the_greenhouse_effect\" title=\"Q2: How does the atmosphere contribute to the greenhouse effect?\">Q2: How does the atmosphere contribute to the greenhouse effect?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#Q3_Why_is_the_ozone_layer_important_in_the_Earths_atmosphere\" title=\"Q3: Why is the ozone layer important in the Earth&#8217;s atmosphere?\">Q3: Why is the ozone layer important in the Earth&#8217;s atmosphere?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/atmosphere-and-its-composition-geography-optional-notes\/#In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\" title=\"In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;\">In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Origin_of_Atmosphere\"><\/span>Origin of Atmosphere<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Initially, the Earth was a hot surface and the original atmosphere escaped into space and was lost. Today\u2019s atmosphere is the secondary atmosphere\/tertiary atmosphere.<\/li><li> This atmosphere has come out from inside the earth by the process of degassing from volcanoes.<\/li><li> Rain fell for millions of years after cloud formation &amp; much of CO2 went into oceans &amp; N2 dominated.<\/li><li> O2 was added later after the evolution of green plants.<\/li><li> Gradually atmosphere has become more habitable.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Composition_of_Atmosphere\"><\/span>Composition of Atmosphere<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> The atmosphere is composed of three major constituents.<\/li><li>(a) <strong>Gases:<\/strong> <\/li><li>Two categories of gases Constant\/permanent gases-<\/li><li> Nitrogen, oxygen &amp; organ which constitute 78%, 20.9% &amp; 0.9% are major permanent gases by volume of the gaseous composition of the atmosphere.<\/li><li> The proportion of constant gases remains constant in the lower atmosphere (up to 80 km from sea level).<\/li><li> Variable\/Minor gases-<\/li><li> Include water vapour, carbon dioxide, ozone, hydrogen, helium, etc.<\/li><li>(b)<strong> Aerosols:<\/strong><\/li><li> They are suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the atmosphere including solid particles of varying sizes and liquid droplets.<\/li><li> Help in the selective scattering of shortwave electromagnetic solar radiation &amp; act as hydroscope nuclei.<\/li><li> Their presence in the atmosphere causes variations in weather conditions.<\/li><li>(c) <strong>Water Vapour<\/strong>:<\/li><li> Responsible for different types of condensation &amp; precipitation.<\/li><li> Considered as a primary greenhouse gas 90% of total atmospheric vapour is found up to the height of 5 km.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"LayeringStructure_of_Atmosphere\"><\/span>Layering\/Structure of Atmosphere<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The atmosphere is a mechanical mixture of several gases, hence behaving as a unified gas and for much height, the atmosphere behaves like a single gas.<\/li><li> But the atmosphere has layers &amp; the layering of gases does not separate according to molecular weight. The atmosphere has however density layers.<\/li><li> The layered structure of the atmosphere has been classified into two major considerations:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_based_on_temperature\"><\/span>(A) based on temperature:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i_Troposphere\"><\/span>(i) Troposphere<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> This is the lowermost layer of the atmosphere zone and is also called a turbulent zone because of the dominance of turbulent activities.<\/li><li> The layer is also known as a convective layer because of the turbulence of eddies.<\/li><li>Decrease in temperature at 6.50C\/km as the atmosphere is heated from below mainly. The density of the atmosphere decreases with height &amp; density of GHG also declines. The troposphere is most important because of all the weather phenomena that occur in this layer.<\/li><li>Contains about 75% of the gaseous mass of the atmosphere, most of the water vapour, aerosols &amp; pollutants.<\/li><li>The average height of the troposphere is about 16km over the equator and 6 km over the poles. But there is seasonal variation in the height the of troposphere. (height increases during summer &amp; decreases during winter).<\/li><li>The troposphere forms the limit of all upward convection currents because beyond Tropopause temperature increases and buoyancy is not found. This is because the size of air parcels increases. This causes its temperature to decrease and hence limits its buoyancy.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"466\" height=\"310\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-63.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9893 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-63.png 466w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-63-263x175.png 263w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 466px) 100vw, 466px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 466px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 466\/310;\" \/><figcaption>Fig: Stratification of atmosphere according to R.G. Barry &amp; R.J. Chorley<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ii_Stratosphere\"><\/span><br><strong>(ii) Strato<\/strong>s<strong>phere:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>On average the upper limit of the stratosphere is 50 km, 15-35km called as ozonosphere.<\/li><li> The temperature gradually rises upward as it becomes as high as 00C at the height of 50 km, the stratosphere\u2019s upper limit known as stratopause.<\/li><li> Increase of temperature because of the absorption of ultraviolet solar radiation by ozone and lesser density of air.<\/li><li> Layer is characterized by the near absence of weather phenomena because of stable conditions.<\/li><li> Sometimes cirrus clouds known as the mother of pearl clouds or nacreous clouds appear in the lower stratosphere.<\/li><li> The lower part of the stratosphere is significant for life forms because of the concentration of ozone gas (O3) between the height of 15-35 km.<\/li><li> The maximum O3 concentration is at the height of 22km, though ozone has been discovered up to 80 km.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"300\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42412 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10.png 1280w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10-1170x274.png 1170w, https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10-585x137.png 585w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/300;\" \/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Link&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\">UPSC Essay Course<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"iii_Mesosphere\"><\/span>(iii) Mesosphere:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> Extends between 50 km &amp; 80 km. Temperature decreases with increasing height.<\/li><li>Noctilucent clouds appeared during the summer season over polar areas. The lowest temperature is noticed at the mesosphere above which temperature increases with increasing height.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"iv_Thermosphere\"><\/span>(iv) Thermosphere:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Beyond the mesosphere, wherein temperature increases rapidly with increasing height but air pressure becomes extremely low due to very low atmospheric density.The thermosphere is divided into two layers \u2013<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%86%92_IONOSPHERE\"><\/span>\u2192 IONOSPHERE:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> Extends from 80 km to 640 km. There are several ionic layers in this sphere where the lower ionosphere has greater ion concentration &amp; upper ionosphere has a lower concentration of ions.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%86%92_EXOSPHERE\"><\/span>\u2192 EXOSPHERE:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> The uppermost layer of the atmosphere extends beyond 640 km. height from the sea level.<\/li><li> Temperature increases in this layer and the layer has a very low concentration of ions.<\/li><li>The zone is characterized by Van Allen radiation belts.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"B_based_on_Chemical_characteristics\"><\/span>B. based on Chemical characteristics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Based on the chemical composition the atmosphere is divided into two broad zones:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i_Homosphere\"><\/span>(i) Homosphere:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> The lower portion of the atmosphere &amp; extends up to the height of 90 km from sea level.<\/li><li> Oxygen (20.9%) and nitrogen (78%) are the main constituent gases.<\/li><li> The zone is called the homosphere because of the homogeneity of the proportion of variation gases.<\/li><li> Based on thermal conditions, the homosphere has been divided into three layers.<ul><li>(a) Troposphere<\/li><li>(b) Stratosphere<\/li><li>(c) Mesosphere.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"493\" height=\"357\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-64.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9894 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 493px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 493\/357;\" \/><figcaption><br>Fig: Stratification of atmosphere according to A.N. Strahler<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ii_Heterosphere\"><\/span>(ii) Heterosphere:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> Extends from 90 km to 10000 km. Different layers of this sphere vary in their chemical and physical properties.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc\/upsc-essay?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Banner&amp;utm_campaign=Essay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/UPSC-Essay-Course-1280\u00d7300-1-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42688 lazyload\" width=\"781\" height=\"182\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 781px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 781\/182;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_What_is_the_composition_of_Earths_atmosphere\"><\/span><strong>Q1: What is the composition of Earth&#8217;s atmosphere?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A1:<\/strong> Earth&#8217;s atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen (about 78%), oxygen (about 21%), and trace amounts of other gases, including argon, carbon dioxide, neon, helium, methane, krypton, hydrogen, xenon, ozone, and water vapor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q2_How_does_the_atmosphere_contribute_to_the_greenhouse_effect\"><\/span><strong>Q2: How does the atmosphere contribute to the greenhouse effect?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A2:<\/strong> The atmosphere contributes to the greenhouse effect by containing greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and water vapor. These gases trap and re-radiate some of the heat energy from the sun, preventing it from escaping back into space. This natural greenhouse effect is essential for maintaining a suitable temperature for life on Earth. However, human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, can enhance the greenhouse effect and lead to global warming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q3_Why_is_the_ozone_layer_important_in_the_Earths_atmosphere\"><\/span><strong>Q3: Why is the ozone layer important in the Earth&#8217;s atmosphere?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A3:<\/strong> The ozone layer, located in the stratosphere, plays a crucial role in protecting life on Earth by absorbing the majority of the sun&#8217;s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This absorption prevents excessive UV radiation from reaching the Earth&#8217;s surface, reducing the risk of skin cancer, cataracts, and other health problems in humans, as well as protecting ecosystems and wildlife. Human activities, particularly the release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), have led to ozone layer depletion, emphasizing the importance of international efforts to address ozone-depleting substances.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_case_you_still_have_your_doubts_contact_us_on_9811333901\"><\/span><strong>In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>For UPSC Prelims Resources, <a href=\"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/upsc-cse-prelims-resource-centre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>For Daily Updates and Study Material:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Join our Telegram Channel &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/WithEdukemy4IAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edukemy for IAS<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1. Learn through Videos &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vOD8sU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li>\n<li>2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Q9z2nF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li>\n<li>3. Daily Newsletter &#8211; Get all your Current Affairs Covered &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3bE2y5J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li>\n<li>4. Mains Answer Writing Practice &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3mZuVxl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Visit our YouTube Channel &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ShabbirsEduKemyforIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The atmosphere is a gaseous envelope that surrounds the earth from all sides and is attached to the earth\u2019s surface by gravitational force.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":20346,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[1130,143,232,213,140],"class_list":["post-9892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-geography-optional-notes","tag-atmosphere","tag-geography_optional","tag-upsc","tag-upsc-notes","tag-upsc_preparation_strategy"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9892"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23281,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9892\/revisions\/23281"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edukemy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}