Q1. which of the following can be inferred from the statement that “Either John is stupid or John is lazy”?
1.john is lazy/therefore,john is not stupid 2. John is not lazy/therefore, John is stupid. 3.John is not stupid/therefore, John is lazy. 4. John is stupid/therefore, John is not lazy.
Codes
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 4
Ans (b)
According to the given statement “Either John is stupid or John is lazy”, it can be inferred that John cannot be stid id and lazy simultaneously. In the light of this inference one can conclude that only statements (2) and (3) can be right while statements (1) and (4) depicts the opposite on inferre
.Q2. Two important characteristics of a hypothesis are that it should be testable and that it should be stated in a manner that it can be refuted. Which one of the following hypothesis fulfills these characteristics? (199
(a) Intelligent persons have good memory
(b) Some birds are animals
(c) Some businessmen are dishonest
(d) All men are mortal
Ans. (a)
Exp. According to both the characteristics of the hypothesis option (a) only satisfies the criteria because in case of being testable, intelligent person can be tested positively and in case of refutation also it can be shown that all the persons, having sound memory are not intelligent. While hypothesis option (d) neither is testable nor is refutable due to its universal truthness, the hypothesis option (b) can not be refuted because no bird can be claimed non-animal. In case of hypothesis option (c), it is testable but not refutable
Q3. There are three cans A, B and C. The capacities of A, Band Care 6 L, 10 L and 16 L respectively. The can C contains 16 L of milk. The milk has to be divided in them using these three cans only.
Consider the following statements.
(2009)
It is possible to have 6 L of milk each in can A and can B.
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It is possible to have 8 L of milk each in can B and can C
Which of the statement given obove is correct? (a) only 1 (b) only 2 (c) both 1 and 2 (d) neither 1 nor
Ans. (c)
Here, it should be kept in mind that volume of A, B and C should never exceed 6, 10 and 16 L, i.e. their capacities respectively. Equation (I) satisfies statement 1 and equation (II) satisfies statement
Q4. Examine the following statements.(2011)
1.All animals are carnivorous.
2.Some animals are not carnivorous. 3.Animals are not carnivorous. 4.Some animals are carnivorous.
Codes
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 and
Ans. (a)
Exp. Statements (1) and (2) as well as (3) and (4) are mutually contradicting pairs. Quantifiers ‘all’ and ‘no’ cannot be true at the same time but can be false at the same time. So, Statements (1) and (3) cannot be true at the same time but can be false together
Q5.Read the passage given below and the two statements that follow (given on the basis of the passage). (2012) Four men are waiting at Delhi airport for a Mumbai flight. Two are doctors and the other two are businessmen. Two speak Gujarati and two speak Tamil. No two of the same profession speak the same language. Two are Muslims and two are Christians. No two of the same religion are of the same profession, nor do they speak the same language. The Tamil-speaking doctor is a Christian.
The Christian-businessman speaks Gujarati.
The Gujarati-speaking doctor is a Muslim.
Which of the above statements is/are correct conclusion/ conclusions? (a) only 1 (b) only 2 (c) both 1 and 2 (d) neither 1 nor
Ans. (c)
Exp. One Christian doctor is Tamil speaking. So, one Muslim doctor will be Gujarati speaking.
One Christian will be a businessman and Gujarati speaking because other Christian is Tamil speaking. Hence, both the given statements are true
Q6. Examine the following statements. (2012) 1.None but students are members of the club. 2. Some members of the club are married persons.
3.All married persons are invited for dance
Which one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements?
(a) All students are invited for dance
(b) All married students of the club are invited for dance
(c) All members of the club are married persons
(d) None of the above
Ans. (b)
Exp. It is given that all married persons are invited for the dance and some members of the club are married persons. So, all married students of the club are invited for the dance.
Q7. Only six roads A, B, C, P, Q and R connect a military camp to the rest of the country. Only one out of A, P and R is open at any one time. If B is closed, so is Q. Only one of A and B is open during storms. P is closed during floods. In this context, which one of the following statements is correct? (2012)
(a) Under normal conditions only three roads are open
(b) During storms at least one road is open (c) During floods only three roads are open
(d) During calamities all roads are close
Ans. (b)
Exp. Consider option (a), in this case, if R is open then B, C and Q can also be open. Hence, option (a) is not true. In storms either A or B is open.
Hence, this statement is definately correct. During calamities at least one road is open. So, option (d) is not correct. two roads can be open. so option D is not correct
Q8. Consider the following statements.(2012) 1.All artists are whimsical. 2.Some artists are drug addicts. 3.Frustrated people are prone to become drug addicts.
From the above three statements it may be concluded that
(a) artists are frustrated
(b) some drug addicts are whimsical
(c) all frustrated people are drug addicts
(d) whimsical people are generally frustrate
Ans. (b)
Exp. All artists are whimsical and some of the artists are drug addicts. Thus, all those artists who are drug addict are also whimsical. Hence, some drug addicts are whimsical.
Q9. Examine the following statements.(2012)
1.Only those who have a pair of binoculars can become the members of the birdwatcher’s club 2.Some members of the birdwatcher’s club have cameras.
3.Those members who have cameras can take part in photo-contests.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements?
(a) All those who have a pair of binoculars are members of the birdwatcher’s club
(b) All members of the birdwatcher’s club have a pair of binoculars
(c) All those who take part in photo-contests are members of the birdwatcher’s club
(d) No conclusion can be drawn
Ans . (b)
Exp. Only those who have binoculars can be a part of birdwatcher’s club, hence, all the members of birdwatcher’s club will have binoculars for sure. But all those who have binoculars may not be part of birdwatcher’s club.
Q10. During the last summer vacation, Ankit went to a summer camp where he took part in hiking, swimming and boating. This summer, he is looking forward to a music camp where he hopes to sing dance and learn to play the guitar.
Based on the above information, four conclusions, as given below, have been made.
Which one of these logically follows from the information given above?
(a) Ankit’s parents want him to play the guitar (b) Ankit prefers music to outdoor activities (c) Ankit goes to some type of camp every (d) Ankit like to sing and dance
Ans. (c)
EXP. No Specific reason is mentioned in the statement for going to different camps. Since, Ankit goes for different camps for different years so, it can be said that, he goes to some type of camp every summer
Q11. Ten new TV shows started in January, 5 sitcoms, drama and 2 news magazines. By April only seven of the new shows were still on, five of them being sitcoms. Based on the above information, four conclusions, as given below, have been made.
Which one of these logically follows from the information given above?(2012)
(a) Only one news magazine show is still on
(b) Only one of the drama shows is still on
(c) Atleast one discontinued show was a drama
(d) Viewers prefer sitcoms over drama
Ans. (c)
Exp. No reason is provided for discontinuation of any programme. Hence, option (d) is not correct. Three shows were discontinued. As no sitcoms shows were discontinued. So discontinued show must be either drama or news magazines. Now, there were only two news magazines. So. at least one discontinued show was a drama.
Q12. Consider the following statement. “Though quite expensive, television is not a luxury item, as one can learn many things through television (2012)
Which one of the following is a valid inference from the above statement?
(a All essential things for learning are not luxury
(b) All expensive things are regarded as luxury
(c)Television is essential for learning (d) Television is not a luxury ite
Ans. (b)
Television is not luxury but one can learn various things from it. So, it can be inferred that all essential things for learning are not luxury
Q13. Examine the following statements. (2012) 1.I watch TV only if, I am bored. 2.Whenever I go to the theater. 3.I take my brother along.
Which one of the following conclusions is valid in the context of the above statements? (a) If I am bored, I watch TV
(b) If I am bored, I seek my brother’s company (c) If I am not with my brother, then I watch TV
(d) If I am not bored, I do not watch T
Ans. (d)
The precondition for watching TV is to get bored. So, if I am not bored, not watch TV.
Q14. Consider the following statements. (2012) 1.All X-brand cars parked here are white. 2.Some of them have radial tyres. 3.All X-brand cars manufactured after 1986 have radial tyres. 4.All cars are not X-brand.
Which one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements?
(a) Only white cars are parked here (b) Some white X-brand cars with radial tyres are parked here (c) Cars other than X-brand cannot have radial tyres
(d) Most of the X-brand cars are manufactured before 1986
Ans. (b)
EXP. All X-branded cars parked here are white and some of them have radial tyres. Hence, some white X-brand cars parked here have radial tyres.
Q15. Consider the following statement. The Third World War, if it ever starts, will end very quickly with the possible end of civilisation. It is only the misuse of nuclear power which will trigger it
Based on the above statement, which one of the following inferences is correct?
(a) Nuclear power will be used in the Third World War (b) There will be no civilisation left after the Third World war
(c) The growth of nuclear power will destroy civilisation in the long run (d) The Third World War will not take place
Ans. (a)
Exp. There is a possibility of end of civilisation with the use of tuclear power which will be used in third World War, which if ever start
Q16. Consider the following statements. 1. All machines consume energy.
(2012)
Electricity provides energy. Electrically operated machines are cheap to maintain. Electrically operated machines do not cause pollution.
Which one of the following inferences can be drawn from the above statements?
(a) All machines are run by electric energy
(b) There is no form of energy other than electricity (c) Most machines are operated on electric energy
(d) Electrically operated machine are preferable to use
Ans. (d)
Exp. From Statements (1) and (2), we can conclude that electricity is one of the mode and not the only mode for providing energy.
So, options (a) and (b) are ruled out.
Option (c) is not correct as it can’t be inferred from the statement.
Statements (3) and (4), talk about two basic advantages of electrically operated machines.
So, it can be inferred that electrically operated machines are preferable to use.
Q17. Examine the following statements. (2012) 1.None but the rich can afford air-travel.
Some of those who travel by air become sick. 3. Some of those who become sick require treatment.
Which one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements?
(a) All the rich persons travel by air
(b) Those who travel by air become sick
(c) All the rich persons become sick (d) all those who travelled by air are rich
Ans. (d)
Exp. Option (d) can be concluded from the Statement 1, as only rich can afford air-travel so, all those who travel by air are rich.
Q18. “Liberty, therefore, is never real unless the government can be called to account when it invades rights.” (2014)
Which one of the following is the best justification of the above statement?
(a) In the realisation that the government can be brought to book in a court of law
(b) In identifying a man as a political unit in a way which distinguishes him from other citizens
(c) In a decentralised society wherein the basic needs of men can find satisfaction
(d) In the understanding that liberty and restraints are complementary
Ans. (a)
Exp. The question gives four statements to justify the given statement. The statement asks to judge the validity of the argument that liberty can never be real unless the government can be called to account, when it invades the rights. Only in statement (a), it is mentioned that government can also be brought to book in court of law. Hence, this provides the best justice
Q19. Consider the following statements.
(2015) 1.A man had a wife, two sons and two daughters in his family. 2.The daughters were invited to a feast and the male members of the family went out to take part in a picnic. 3.The man’s father did not return from his work.
Which of the following statements is true?
a) Only the man’s wife was left at home
(b) It is likely that the man’s wife was left at home
(c) None was left at home
(d) More than one person was left at home
Ans. (b)
Exp. From Statement 2, the male members are not at home. It is given that the daughters are invited for the feast, but it does not explicitly state that they left home. Hence, none among (a), (c) and (d) can be said to be true. Nothing is specified about the man’s wife. Hence, the statement that the man’s wife is likely to be left at home is true.
Q20. Consider the following statements.
(2015) 1.Some claim to have seen UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects). 2.Life on other heavenly bodies is considered to be a possibility. 3.Voyage to space is now an established fact.
From the above statements, it may be concluded that
(a) UFOs are heavenly bodies
(b) UFOs are sent from other heavenly bodies
(c) some living species in other heavenly bodies are more intelligent than man
(d) nothing definite can be said about the UFO
Ans. (d)
EXP. from he given statement , it may concluded that nothing definite can be said about the UFOs
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