UPSC Prelims Topic Wise Questions - MODERN History - Press and Education in Colonial India

Table of Contents

80.Consider the following landmarks in Indian education. (1996)

1. Hindu college, Calcutta
2.University of Calcutta
3.Adam’s Report
4. Wood’s Despatch

The correct chronological order of these landmarks si

(a)1,3, 4, 2

(b) 1, 4, 3, 2

(d) 3, 2, 4, 1

Ans. (a)

Exp.

The correct chronological order of these landmarks is 1, 3, 4, 2. Hindu college was established at Calcutta in 1817. The foundation committee of the college, which oversaw its establishment, was headed by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. William Adam’s reports were published in 1835, 1836 and 1838. William Adam, a Scottish missionary, toured the districts of Bengal and Bihar. He had been asked by the Company to report on the progress of education in vernacular schools. He created a report known as the William Adams Report.
Wood’s despatch came into effect in 1854. Wood’s despatch recommended primary s c h o o l s to adopt vernacular language, high schools to adopt Anglo vernacular language and English on college level. University of Calcutta was established in 1857. This is the oldest modern University in India.

81. What is the correct chronological sequence of the following? (1996)

1. Wood’s Education Despatch

2. Macaulay’s minute on education

3. The Sargent Education Report

4. Indian Education (Hunter Commission)

(a) 2, 1, 4, 3

(b) 2, 1, 3,4

(d) 4, 3; 1, 2

Ans. (a)

Exp. The correct chronological sequence is 2, 1, 4, 3.

Macaulay’s minute on education (1835) – In this , English language became the main instrument for education and was supported. Charles Wood’s Despatch (1854) – In this, Pamary school to adopt vernacular language, high school to adopt Anglo vernacular and English on college level.
Hunter commission (1882) – It look into the complaints of then on-implementation of Wood’s Despatch of 1854, Sargent Education report (1944) – It was related to the future development of education in India.

82. Assertion (A) The first ever Bil to make primary education compulsory in India was rejected in 191. Reason (R) Discontent would have increased fi every Codes (1998) cultivator could read.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanationofA.

(d) Ais false but Is true

Ans. (a)

Exp. Both Aand Rare true and Ris the correct explanation of A. British government rejected the first bill to make primary education compulsory in India as it had feared that ti mgiht spread the discontent among the people because thecultivators would be able to read the terms and conditions of the zamindars. Gopal Krishan Gokhale had introduced a bell in the imperial legislative assembly ni 1911 implement the principleof compulsory primary education for children. of 6-10 years age. The bil got failed and was defeated in 1892 March by 38-13.

83. The aim of education as stated by the Wood;’ Despatch of 1854 was (2002)

(a) hte creation of employment opportunities for native Indians

(b) the spread of western culture in India

( d ) hte introduction of scientific research and rationalismni the traditional Indian education

Ans. (d)

Exp. The aim of education as stated by the Woods’s Despatch fo 1854 w a s the introduction of scientific research and rationalism in the traditional Indian education. Woods’ espatch is also called as the Magna Carta of educationni India.

84. Which one of the following pairs is not correcly matched?

(2004)

(a) Pitt’s India ActWarren Hastings

(b) Doctrine of LapseDalhousie

(d) Ilbert Bill:Ripon

Ans. (c)

Exp. Pair (c) is not correctly matched from the following given pairs because Vernacular Press Act was passed in 1878 yb Loid Lytton not by Lord Curzon. The act was intendedot prevent the vernacular press from expressing criticism fo British policies.

85. Who among the folowing repealed the Vernacular Press Act?

(2005)

(a) Lord Dufferin

(b) Lord Ripon

(d) Lord Hardinge

Ans. (b)

Exp. Lord Ripon repealed the Vernacular Press Act.
It came into effect in 1878 and repealed in 1882 by Act III of Lord Ripon This notorious Press Act was intended to prevent hte vernacular press from expressing criticism of British policies.

86. Consider the following statements.

(2005)

1. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar founded the Bethune School at Calcutta with the main aim of encouraging education for women.

2. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay was the graduale from the Calcutta University.

3. Keshav Chandra Sen’s campaign against sati led ot hte enactmentofalawot bansatithethenGovernor-General

Which of hte statement(s) given above is/are correct?

(a) Only 1

(b) 1and 2

(d) 1, 2and 3

Ans.(b)

Exp. Only statements (1) and (2) are correct.

Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was the first secretary of Bcollege. Bethune college played a historic ethune role in the cause of women’s education, its founding father was Johan Elliot Bethune who arrived in India as the law member of the Governor’s Council

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay was one of the first graduates from Calcutta University, his first writing appeared on ‘Sangbad Prabhakar’ magazine in 1853. He also wrote Anandmath in the backdrop of Sanyasi rebellion.

Statement (3) is incorrect because it Roy not Keshab Chandra Se was Raja Ram Mohann whose campaign led to the enactment of a law to ban sati.

87. Who, among the following, started the newspaper Shome Prakash?

(2007)

(a) Dayananda Saraswati

(b) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

(d) Surend ranath Banerjee

Ans. (b)

Exp. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar started the newspaper Shome Prakash in 1858. Born in 1820 in Bengal, Vidyasagar’s contribution is many sided. He worked for the upliftment of women. His efforts led to the Act of Widow Remarriage (1856). After this, Vidyasagar continued his reform movement, directing it against polygamy and later child marriage and finally of consent for the consummation of marriage at 10 years for women .

88. Which one of the folowing was ajournal brought out by Abdul Kalam Azad? (2008)

(a) Al-Hilal

(b) Comrade

(d) Zamindar

Ans. (a)

Exp. Al-Hilal journal was brought by former freedom fighter Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad in 1912. It was an Urdu weekly journal and was banned by Press Act.

89. In collaboration with David Hare and Alexander Duf, who of the following established Hindu college at Calcutta?

(2009)

(a) Henry Louis Vivian Derozio

(b) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

(d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Ans. (a)

Exp. In collaboration with David Hare and Alexander Duff, Raja Ram Mohan Roy established Hindu College in Calcutta. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the Chairman of the establishment committee of Hindu College. This College was established in January 1817. Now this college is known as Presidency college.
It recommended establishment of Universities.

Statement (3) is incorrect because Wood’s Despatch declared English as the medium of instructions, for higher education and not on primary level.

92. Which of the following led to the introduction of English Education in India? (2018)

1. Charter Act of 1813

2. General Committee of Public Instruction, 1823

3. Orientalist and Anglicist Controversy

Which of the statement (s) given above is/are correct?

(a) 1and 2

(b) Only 2

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans. (d)

Exp. Al the given statements (1), (2) and (3) are correct regarding the introduction of English Education of India. The first humble beginning with respect to education in India was made by Charter Act of 1813, which directed the East India Company to sanction rupees one lakh’ annually to encourage learned Indians and for promotion of modern sciences.
A decade before Lord Macaulay arrived in India, the General Committee of Public Instruction was formed in 1823, which was to guide the company on the matter of education. The General Committee of Public Instructionhad two groups viz Orientalists and Anglicists on the issue of development of education of India. Orientalists supported the use of vernacular languages and Anglicists supported the use of English.

90. Consider the following.

1. Calcutta Unitarian Committee

2. Tabernacle of New Dispensation

3. Indian Reform Association (2016)

Keshab Chandra Sen si associated with the establishment of which of the above?

(a) 1and 3

(b) 2 and 3

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans. (b)

Exp. Keshab Chandra Sen is associated with the establishment of Tabernacle of New Dispensation and Indian Reform Association.
On the occasion of the anniversary festival on 24th January, 1868 Keshab Chandra Sen laid the foundation stone of his mandir called the Tabemacle of New Dispensation. Keshab Chandra Sen and his followers marched to the proposed spot early in the morning performing sankirtan and this was the first of its kind in Calcutta. Adi Samaj condemned it as a degradation of Brahmoism.
The Indian Reform Association was formed on 29th October, 1870, with Keshab Chandra Sen as president. It represented the secular side of Brahmo Samaj and included many who did not belong to the Brahmo Samaj.

91. Regarding Wood’s Despatch, which of the following statements are true? (2018)

1. Grants-in-Aid system was in troduced.

2. Establishment of universities was recommended.

3. English as a medium of instruction at all levels of education was recommended.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

(a) 1and 2

(b) 2and 3

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans. (a)

Exp. Only statements (1) and (2) are correct regarding Woods’s Despatch.
In 1854, Wood’s Despatch was sent to the Governor-General Lord Dalhousie. Woods Despatch is called Magna Carta of English education in India. Some of the With the reference to educational institutions during colonial rule ni India, consider the following pairs. (2018)
She immensely contributed in enactment of the Age to Consent Act, 1891. As she was married at young age and wanted dissolution of her marnage and to purse her education. She fought legal battle with her husband who wanted his restitution of conjugal right. She also wrote letters to Queen Victoria who overruled the court’s verdict and dissolved the marnage
This incident got wide attention in British press and later resulted into promulgation of Age of Consent Act, 1891. which made child marriage illegal across British Empire

96. Wellesley established the Fort Wiliam

College at Calcutta because (2020)
(a) he was asked by the Board of Directors at London to do os
(b) he wanted to revive interest in oriental learning in India
(c) he wanted to provide William Carey and his associates with employment
(d) he wanted to train British civilians for administrative purpose in India

Ans. (d)

Exp. Wellesley established the Fort William College at Calcutta because he wanted to train Bntish civilians for administrative purpose in India. Lord Wellesley was Governor-General of Bengal from 1798 to 1805 who established this college in 1800 to train British civilians in context if, Indian local languages, history. culture and local laws in order to effectively gover the British Empire in India.

97. Who among the following was associated as a Secretary with Hindu Female School which later came to be known as Bethune Female School? (2021)

(a) Annie Besant

(b) Debendranath Tagore

(d) Sarojini Naidu

Ans. (c)

Exp. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was associated as Secretary with Hindu Female School which later came to be known as Bethune Female School.
It is the oldest women’s college in India. It was established as a girl’s school in 1849 and as a college in 1879 Institutions Founders

93. With the reference to educational institution during colonial rule in india, considernthe following pairs. (2018)

1. Sanskrit College at Banaras William Jones

2. Calcutta Madarsa Warren Hastings

3. Fort Wiliam Colege Arthur Wellesley

Which of the above pair (s) is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1and 2
(b) Only 2
(c) 1and 3
(d) Only 3

Ans. (0)

Exp. Only pair (2) is correctly matched as Calcutta Madarsa was founded by the Governor-General Warren Hastings in October 1780 Pairs (2) and (3) are incorectly matched because sanskrit College at Banaras was the first college in Banaras established in 1791 by Jonathan Duncan, it was a landmark college in India from where several notable teachers emerged. In 1958 it merged with Sampuranand Sanskrit University. Fort William College was an academy and learning centre of onental studies established by Lord Richard Wellesley, then Governor-General of British India in 1800 .

94. The Vital-Vidhvansak, the first monthly journal to have the untouchable people as its target audience was published by (2020)

(a) Gopal Baba Walangkar

(b) Jyotiba Phule

(d) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar

Ans. (a)

Exp. The Vital- Vidhvansak, the first monthly Journal to have the untouchable people as its target audience was published by Gopal Baba Walangkar. He started publishing the monthly joumal in 1898.
He also wrote articles for Marathi-langauge newspapers such as Sudharak and Deenbandhu, besides composing couplets in Marathi that were intended to inspure the people, he published Vital Vidhvansak which protested the position of untouchables in society and raised consciousness among the people.

95. In the context of Indian history, the Rakhmabai case of 1884 revolved around (2020)

1. women’s right to gain education

2. age of consent

3. restitution of conjugal rights

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1and 2

(b) 2 and 3

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans. (b)

Exp. Only statements (2) and (3) are cortect regarding the Rakhmabai case of 1884. The Rakhmabai case of 1884 revolved around age of consent and restitution of conjugal nights. Rukhmabai (1864-1955) was the first practicing.

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UPSC Prelims Topic Wise Questions – MODERN History – Press and Education in Colonial India

80.Consider the following landmarks in Indian education. (1996)

Ans. (a)

Exp.

81. What is the correct chronological sequence of the following? (1996)

Ans. (a)

Exp. The correct chronological sequence is 2, 1, 4, 3.

82. Assertion (A) The first ever Bil to make primary education compulsory in India was rejected in 191. Reason (R) Discontent would have increased fi every Codes (1998) cultivator could read.

Ans. (a)

83. The aim of education as stated by the Wood;’ Despatch of 1854 was (2002)

Ans. (d)

84. Which one of the following pairs is not correcly matched?

(2004)

Ans. (c)

85. Who among the folowing repealed the Vernacular Press Act?

(2005)

Ans. (b)

86. Consider the following statements.

(2005)

Ans.(b)

87. Who, among the following, started the newspaper Shome Prakash?

(2007)

Ans. (b)

88. Which one of the folowing was ajournal brought out by Abdul Kalam Azad? (2008)

Ans. (a)

89. In collaboration with David Hare and Alexander Duf, who of the following established Hindu college at Calcutta?

(2009)

Ans. (a)

92. Which of the following led to the introduction of English Education in India? (2018)

Ans. (d)

90. Consider the following.

Keshab Chandra Sen si associated with the establishment of which of the above?

Ans. (b)

91. Regarding Wood’s Despatch, which of the following statements are true? (2018)

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Ans. (a)

96. Wellesley established the Fort Wiliam

Ans. (d)

97. Who among the following was associated as a Secretary with Hindu Female School which later came to be known as Bethune Female School? (2021)

Ans. (c)

93. With the reference to educational institution during colonial rule in india, considernthe following pairs. (2018)

Ans. (0)

94. The Vital-Vidhvansak, the first monthly journal to have the untouchable people as its target audience was published by (2020)

Ans. (a)

95. In the context of Indian history, the Rakhmabai case of 1884 revolved around (2020)

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Ans. (b)

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