Embarking on the journey to crack the UPSC Mains examination with anthropology as your optional subject is a formidable task, and one of the key strategies for success lies in mastering the previous year’s questions. This blog serves as a comprehensive guide, specifically delving into the Anthropological Theories section from 2013 to 2023. Aspiring civil servants opting for anthropology as their optional subject often find solace in the predictable patterns and recurring themes present in previous years’ questions. Analyzing this decade-long span not only provides insights into the examiner’s preferences but also aids in understanding the evolving nature of anthropological discourse. Whether you are a seasoned aspirant looking to refine your preparation or a newcomer seeking a structured approach, this compilation of previous year questions promises to be an invaluable resource for honing your skills and navigating the Anthropology optional section with confidence.
Anthropological theories constitute the backbone of the subject, offering a lens through which to examine the intricacies of human societies and cultures. In this blog series, we will meticulously break down the questions posed by the UPSC over the past ten years, exploring the nuances of structural-functionalism, structuralism, cultural materialism, and other prominent anthropological theories. By dissecting the examination patterns, thematic trends, and the depth of understanding required by the aspirants, we aim to empower you with the knowledge and strategy needed to tackle any curveball the UPSC may throw at you. So, whether you are intrigued by the intricacies of kinship systems or fascinated by the cultural evolution of societies, join us on this intellectual journey as we unravel the Anthropological Theories segment and pave the way for your success in the UPSC Mains.
Anthropological theories – Previous Year Questions (UPSC CSE Mains Anthropology Optional)
Functionalism (Malinowski); Structural – functionalism (Radcliffe-Brown)
1. Specify limitations of Radcliffe-Brown’s method of comparison as actually used by him. (200 words) (1981)
2. “Structure-functional studies do not explain casual relationships.” Discuss the view. (1981)
3. Discuss contributions of Malinowski. Radcliffe Brown and Firth to the concept of Function.(1982)
4. Functionalism is not confined to Anthropology among social sciences. Elaborate.(1983)
5. Distinguish between : Note Malinowski’s contribution to functionalism in social anthropology.(1984)
6. Evaluate the contribution of Radcliffe Brown for the development of structural method.(1984)
7. Examine Malinowski’s theory of needs and state its merits.(1986)
8. Write an essay on ‘structure-function theory of Radcliffe-Brown.'(1986)
9. Evaluate Malinowski’s contribution to functionalism. (1987)
10. Re-examine the view of Radcliffe-Brown in connection with structure and function in Anthropology.(1989)
11. Discuss Malinowski’s contributions to functionalism in social anthropology. (1990)
12. Define social function. Critically evaluate the concepts as postulated by Malinowski.(1992)
13. Write a note on A.R. Radcliffe-Brown (1994)
14. Give the names of two prominent British functionalists in social anthropology. Describe the functional theory attributed to any one of them. (1995)
15. “To Radcliffe-Brown ‘function’ was the contribution an institution makes to the maintenance of social structure.” Elucidate in the light of RadcliffeBrown’s contributions to structural functionalism theory. (1998)
16. What is meant by functionalism? Discuss the basic tenets of Malinowski’s functionalism.(1999)
17. Discuss the approaches of RadcliffeBrown and Evans-Pritchard to Methods Comparative in Anthropological Research (2001)
18. Describe structural features of social life as suggested by Radcliffe-Brown in his theory of social structure. (2003)
19. Write a note on Structural functionalism. (2008)
20. In what ways is Functionalism different from Structural Functionalism? (350words) (2013)
21. What is functionalism? Discuss the functional approach to the understanding of Religion. (2014)
22. Write a note in 150 words on Functionalism (2016)
23. Write a note in 150 words on Basic tenets of structural-functionalism. (2017)
24. How did Radcliffe-Brown and Levi-Strauss study kinship in terms of social structure? (2019)
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: What are the key anthropological theories that aspirants should focus on for the UPSC Mains examination?
Aspirants should prioritize the study of fundamental anthropological theories such as structural-functionalism, structuralism, cultural materialism, symbolic anthropology, and evolutionary theories. These theories provide a comprehensive understanding of human societies, their structures, and cultural dynamics.
Q: How can analyzing previous year questions on anthropological theories benefit UPSC aspirants?
Analyzing previous year questions offers insights into recurring themes, the depth of understanding expected by examiners, and the evolving nature of anthropological discourse. It helps aspirants identify important topics, prioritize their preparation, and tailor their strategy to meet the specific demands of the UPSC Anthropology optional section.
Q: Is it essential to understand the historical context of anthropological theories for the UPSC Mains examination?
Yes, understanding the historical context is crucial. Many anthropological theories have evolved over time in response to changing social and academic landscapes. A historical perspective helps aspirants grasp the development of these theories, the debates they sparked, and their relevance in contemporary anthropological discussions.
Q: How can aspirants effectively integrate anthropological theories into their answers during the examination?
Aspirants should not just memorize theories but understand their practical applications. They should practice integrating theories into case studies, examples, and real-world scenarios. This not only demonstrates a deep understanding of the theories but also enhances the quality of their responses in the exam.
Q: Are there any emerging trends in the types of questions asked on anthropological theories in recent UPSC Mains examinations?
While patterns may shift, recent trends suggest a continued emphasis on the application of anthropological theories to contemporary issues. Aspirants should be prepared to analyze societal changes, cultural transformations, and global phenomena through the lens of anthropological theories. Staying updated on current events and their intersection with anthropological concepts is increasingly important.
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