Welcome to an insightful exploration of Anthropology Optional Topic-wise Previous Year Questions in UPSC Mains, focusing on the intriguing theme of “The Nature of Society” spanning the years 2013 to 2023. The UPSC Civil Services Examination demands a comprehensive understanding of Anthropology, a subject that delves deep into the study of human societies, cultures, and their evolution. Aspiring civil servants opting for Anthropology as their optional subject recognizes the importance of revisiting and analyzing past years’ questions to grasp the examiners’ patterns and expectations. In this blog series, we will embark on a journey through a decade of UPSC Mains questions to unravel the nuances of “The Nature of Society,” providing aspirants with valuable insights, key concepts, and a strategic approach to tackle this specific theme effectively.
This series aims to serve as a valuable resource for UPSC Anthropology optional candidates, offering a curated compilation of questions that revolve around the intricate dimensions of societal structures, organization, and dynamics. From the examination year 2013 to 2023, we will dissect each question, exploring the underlying anthropological principles, theories, and contemporary relevance. Whether you are a seasoned aspirant looking to refine your approach or a newcomer seeking guidance, join us in this exploration of Anthropology Optional Topic-wise Previous Year Questions to unlock the keys to success in the UPSC Mains examination.
The Nature of Society – Previous Year Questions (UPSC CSE Mains Anthropology Optional)
Concept of Society; Society and Culture; Social Institutions; Social groups and Social stratification
1. Write a note on Differences between temporary groups and permanent groups. (1986)
2. Write a note on New ethnography (1987)
3. Write a note on Ethnography (1990)
4. Write a note on New ethnography (1991)
5. Write a note on Group and Association” (1992)
6. Write a note on Social institution (1993)
7. Describe the means of social control in simpler societies and compare the legal system of simple and complex societies. (1993)
8. Describe the nature, scope and methods of new ethnography. (1994)
9. Write a note on New ethnography (1995)
10. Critically assess the role of ethnography in the development of anthropological theories. (1997)
11. Elucidate the salient differences between tribal social system and caste system giving suitable examples in support of your answer. (1997)
12. Write a note on Caste mobility (1998)
13. ‘Primitive society is governed by the traditional customary law.’ Do you agree with this statement? Explain (l998)
14. Write a note on Social structure (1999)
15. Write a note on Social stratification (2000)
16. Write a note on Folk-Urban Continuum (2003)
17. Discuss mechanisms of social control in simple societies citing suitable examples. (2007)
18. Write a detailed note on polyandrous societies, citing Indian examples.(2009)
19. Discuss different modes of exchange in simple societies with suitable examples. (2011)
20. Explain the concept of ‘Status’ and ‘Role’ in Anthropology. (2012)
21. What are the bases of social stratification? Discuss with examples. (2012)
22. Define Status and Role. Distinguish between Ascribed and Achieved Status. (2014)
23. Write a note in 150 words on Society and Culture. (2015)
24. Define ethnography and present a brief history of ethnographic studies. (2018)
25. Discuss social stratification according to any three major approaches. (2019)
26. Discuss Erving Goffman’s concept of total institutions and its relevance in contemporary society. (2020)
27. Critically evaluate different types of social stratifications with suitable examples.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: What is the significance of studying the nature of society in Anthropology?
A: Understanding the nature of society is fundamental to Anthropology as it provides insights into the complexities of human social structures, interactions, and cultural evolution. By exploring the intricacies of societies, anthropologists gain a deeper comprehension of the factors shaping human behavior, institutions, and the overall dynamics of communities.
Q: How does the concept of social organization differ across various societies?
A: The nature of society varies widely across cultures and regions, leading to diverse forms of social organization. Exploring this aspect in Anthropology allows us to analyze the unique norms, values, and structures that influence social relationships within a community. By comparing and contrasting these variations, anthropologists can draw valuable conclusions about the adaptability and diversity of human societies.
Q: What role do cultural practices play in shaping the nature of a society?
A: Cultural practices are integral to the fabric of society, influencing social norms, traditions, and belief systems. In Anthropology, studying the interplay between culture and society unveils the intricate mechanisms through which rituals, customs, and symbolic expressions contribute to the cohesion or transformation of social structures.
Q: How do anthropologists examine the impact of globalization on the nature of societies?
A: With the increasing interconnectedness of the world, Anthropology delves into the effects of globalization on societies. This involves scrutinizing changes in communication, technology, and economic systems to discern how global forces shape local cultures and social dynamics. Understanding these influences is crucial for comprehending contemporary societal shifts.
Q: In what ways does the study of the nature of society contribute to addressing societal challenges and conflicts?
A: Anthropology equips scholars with the tools to analyze societal challenges and conflicts by examining their roots in cultural, economic, or political factors. By understanding the underlying dynamics of societal issues, anthropologists can offer valuable perspectives and potential solutions that consider the complexities of human interactions and social structures.
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