“Evidences from palaeomagnetism and sea floor spreading have validated that continents and ocean basins have never been stationary.” Elucidate with suitable diagrams – UPSC Geography Optional Mains – 2023
Posted inUPSC Geography Optional Mains Solved Paper 2023

“Evidences from palaeomagnetism and sea floor spreading have validated that continents and ocean basins have never been stationary.” Elucidate with suitable diagrams – UPSC Geography Optional Mains – 2023

The dynamic nature of Earth's geology has been unveiled through compelling evidence from palaeomagnetism and the concept of sea floor spreading, fundamentally challenging the traditional notion of stationary continents and ocean basins.
Suppose the Government of India is thinking of constructing a dam in a mountain valley bound by forests and inhabited by ethnic communities. What rational policy should it resort to in dealing with unforeseen contingencies. (150 Words, 10 Marks) 
Posted inUPSC - Mains Solved Paper GS 4

Suppose the Government of India is thinking of constructing a dam in a mountain valley bound by forests and inhabited by ethnic communities. What rational policy should it resort to in dealing with unforeseen contingencies. (150 Words, 10 Marks) 

In contemplating the construction of a dam in a mountain valley ensconced by lush forests and home to diverse ethnic communities, the Government of India must adopt a rational and comprehensive policy to navigate unforeseen contingencies.
About the morality of actions, one view is that means is of paramount importance and the other view is that the ends justify the means. Which view do you think is more appropriate? Justify your answer. (150 Words, 10 Marks)
Posted inUPSC - Mains Solved Paper GS 4

About the morality of actions, one view is that means is of paramount importance and the other view is that the ends justify the means. Which view do you think is more appropriate? Justify your answer. (150 Words, 10 Marks)

In the perennial debate surrounding the morality of actions, a fundamental dichotomy emerges, pitting the significance of means against the consequentialist perspective that posits the ends justifying the means.
“In doing a good thing, everything is permitted which is not prohibited expressly or by clear implication”. Examine the statement with suitable examples in the context of a public servant discharging his/her duties. (150 Words, 10 Marks) 
Posted inUPSC - Mains Solved Paper GS 4

“In doing a good thing, everything is permitted which is not prohibited expressly or by clear implication”. Examine the statement with suitable examples in the context of a public servant discharging his/her duties. (150 Words, 10 Marks) 

For instance, a public servant tasked with ensuring public safety may be permitted to use reasonable force to maintain order during a demonstration, as long as it does not violate any laws or human rights.