The UPSC Mains Topic-Wise Previous Year Questions, unraveling the nuances of response strategies, risk mitigation, and preparedness. Explore the critical dimensions of handling natural and man-made disasters as we navigate through this integral subject, essential for UPSC aspirants seeking a comprehensive understanding of effective disaster governance and resilience-building measures.
- Write note on the causes of droughts in India. (2005, 2 Marks)
- How has the Indian State tackled the trade-off between environment and development? (150 words) (2005, 15 Marks)
- What is disaster management? Discuss the steps required to tackle natural disasters. (2005, 30 Marks)
- What are the salient features of The National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan? (2010, 5 Marks)
- You arrive first at the scene where a bus accident has just occurred. What emergency measures should you immediately and safely adopt? (2010, 5 Marks)
- Comment on the spatial components in Urban solid waste management in the country. (150 words) (2010, 24 Marks)
- Discuss the Composition and functions of the National Executive Committee of the National Disaster Management Authority. (2011, 5 Marks)
- How important are vulnerability and risk assessments for pre-disaster management? As an administrator, what are key areas that you would focus on in a Disaster Management System. (200 words) (2013, 10 Marks)
- Drought has been recognized as a disaster in view of its spatial expanse, temporal duration, slow onset, and lasting effects on vulnerable sections. With a focus on the September 2010 guidelines from the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), discuss the mechanisms for preparedness to deal with likely El Nino and La Nina fallouts in India. (2014, 12½ Marks)
- The frequency of earthquakes appears to have increased in the Indian subcontinent. However, India’s preparedness for mitigating their impact has significant gaps. Discuss various aspects. (2015, 12 Marks)
- The frequency of urban floods due to high-intensity rainfall is increased over the years. Discussing the reasons for urban floods, highlight the mechanisms for preparedness to reduce the risk during such events. (2016, 12½ Marks)
- With reference to National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) guidelines, discuss the measures to be adopted to mitigate the impact of the recent incidents of cloudbursts in many places of Uttarakhand. (2016,12 Marks)
- Major cities of India are becoming vulnerable to flood conditions. Discuss. (2016, 12 Marks)
- ‘Climate change’ is a global problem. How India will be affected by climate change? How Himalayan and coastal states of India will be affected by climate change? (250 words) (2017, 15 Marks)
- On December 2004, a tsunami brought havoc on fourteen countries including India. Discuss the factors responsible for occurrence of tsunami and its effects on life and economy. In the light of guidelines of NDMA (2010) describe the mechanisms for preparedness to reduce the risk during such events. (250 words) (2017, 15 Marks)
- Describe various measures taken in India for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) before and after signing ‘Sendai Framework for DRR (2015-2030)’. How is this framework different from ‘Hyogo Framework for Action, 2005’? (2018, 15 Marks)
- Vulnerability is an essential element for defining disaster impacts and its threat to people. How and in what ways can vulnerability to disasters be characterized? Discuss different types of vulnerability with reference to disasters. (150 words) (2019, 10 Marks)
- Disaster preparedness is the first step in any disaster management process. Explain how hazard zonation mapping will help in disaster mitigation in the case of landslides. (250 words) (2019, 15 Marks)
- Account for the huge flooding of million cities in India including the smart ones like Hyderabad and Pune. Suggest lasting remedial measures. (250 words) (2020, 15 Marks)
- 20. Discuss the recent measures initiated in disaster management by the Government of India departing from the earlier reactive approach. (250 words) (2020, 15 Marks)
- Discuss about the vulnerability of India to earthquake-related hazards. Give examples including the salient features of major disasters caused by earthquakes in different parts of India during the last three decades. (150 words) (2021, 10 Marks)
- Describe the various causes and the effects of landslides. Mention the important components of the National Landslide Risk Management Strategy. (250 words) (2021, 15 Marks)
- Explain the mechanism and occurrence of cloudburst in the context of the Indian subcontinent. Discuss two recent examples. (150 words) (2022, 10 Marks)
- Dam failures are always catastrophic, especially on the downstream side, resulting in a colossal loss of life and property. Analyze the various causes of dam failures. Give two examples of large dam failures. (150 words) (2023, 10 Marks)
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