Q62. In the context of Indian history, the principle of ‘Dyarchy (diarchy)’ refers to
a) Division of the central legislature into two houses. b) Introduction of double government i.e.; Central and State governments.
c) Having two sets of rulers; one in London and another in Delhi. d) Division of the subjects delegated to the provinces into two categories.
The correct answer is Option 4.
The Montage-Chelmsford reforms 1919
In 1918, Lord Chelmsford, Viceroy, and Edwin Montagu, Secretary of State, introduced constitutional reforms that led to the passage of the Government of India Act of 1919.
The Provincial Legislative Councils were expanded, with the majority of members elected.
Under the Dyarchy system, provincial governments were given more authority.
Under Dyarchy, some subjects, such as finance and law and order, remained directly under the Governor’s control and were referred to as ‘reserved’ subjects. Hence, Option 4 is correct.
Other subjects, such as education, public health, and local self-government, were to be controlled by ministers accountable to the legislatures and were referred to as ‘transferred’ subjects.
