68.Which one of the following movements has contributed to a split in the Indian National Congress resulting in the emergence of ‘moderates’ and ‘extremists’?
a) Swadeshi Movement
b) Quit India Movement
c) Non-Cooperation Movement
d) Civil Disobedience Movement
The correct answer is Option 1.
Swadeshi movement
It was the result of the partition of Bengal.
After the partition of the Bengal Swadeshi and Boycott Movement was adopted as a means of integration.
It was aimed at self-reliance, self-determination, and self-help.
Tilak called it Bahiskar Yoga.
Bande Mataram became the theme song of this movement.
This along with the Boycott Movement aimed at boycotting foreign-made goods and adopting Indian goods as an alternative.
Boycotts and public burning of foreign clothes, picketing of shops selling foreign goods were adopted.
The Shivaji and Ganpati festivals were organized by Tilak to deliver the Swadeshi message to the masses.
The National College of Bengal was founded with Aurobindo Ghosh as its principal.
The national education council was established in August 1906.
It also changed the character of the Indian National Congress.
The Congress split into moderates and extremists at the Surat session which weakened the Swadeshi Movement. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
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