In the realm of agricultural economics, the measure of food grain production stands as a pivotal indicator of a nation’s food security and economic vitality
Economy Notes
Hard and Soft Currency, Capital Flight, Capital Controls, and Dollarization – UPSC Economy Notes
Hard and soft currency, capital flight, capital controls, and dollarization are fundamental concepts within the realm of international finance, each playing a crucial role in shaping the dynamics of global economic systems.
Currency manipulation involves intentional actions taken by a country to weaken its currency in order to gain unfair advantages in global trade.
A currency war, also known as competitive devaluation, refers to a situation where countries engage in a deliberate effort to lower the value of their national currencies relative to others.
Foreign exchange reserves held by the RBI are crucial for managing currency stability and external obligations. These reserves include
A Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) is a state-owned investment fund comprising financial assets, such as stocks, bonds, real estate, and other investment vehicles.
The real value of a currency is a crucial aspect that goes beyond its nominal or official exchange rate. It involves understanding the actual purchasing power
A currency board is a monetary system or institution that issues and manages a country’s currency. Unlike a central bank, a currency board has a more limited role
Currency mechanisms are the fundamental frameworks that govern the exchange of monetary units in global financial systems.
Currency depreciation refers to the decline in the value of a country’s currency relative to another currency or a basket of currencies in the foreign exchange market
