In geographical literature, boundaries and frontiers are distinct concepts with different meanings. Boundary- a line that marks the extent of a state’s territory, distinguishing the geographical area under its sovereignty from that of another state. Frontier- zone or region at the edge of a settled area, often characterized by a less defined, open, and sparsely populated area that is not under the full control of a single political entity
Distinction between boundaries and frontiers is evident in various geopolitical situations such as:
- Population Growth and Settlement: Increased population and the expansion of settlements have turned former frontiers into developed areas, necessitating the establishment of clear boundaries.
- For example, the American West, once a frontier, evolved as settlers moved westward in the 19th century. Territories formed, leading to the establishment of states like Oklahoma from the Oklahoma Territory.
- The demilitarized zone (DMZ) between North and South Korea represents a clearly defined boundary, established for security reasons and heavily monitored to prevent unauthorized crossings post Korean war replaced the former frontier.
- International Law and Agreements: International law and treaties have encouraged the delineation of boundaries precisely replacing former frontiers to prevent conflicts and promote legal clarity in international relations.
- For example, the creation of the UN in 1945 and its role in respecting the sovereignty of countries.
Therefore, while boundaries emphasize separation and control, frontiers underscore interaction and connectivity, reflecting the diverse and dynamic nature of geographical spaces.
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