India has also submitted its Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Category:
Ecology & Environment – General Studies
Ecology & Environment - General Studies
Kyoto Protocol (COP 3; UNFCCC 1997) – Common but Differentiated Responsibilities, Doha Amendment, Flexible Market Mechanisms, Criticisms – UPSC Environment Notes
by Edukemy Team
The Kyoto Protocol operationalizes the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) by mandating developed nations and economies in transition to establish and fulfill individual emission targets for greenhouse gases (GHG).
Ecology & Environment - General Studies
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) – COP, Criticism – UPSC Environment Notes
by Edukemy Team
The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is a global environmental treaty to reduce greenhouse gas concentrations to prevent harmful human-induced disruptions to the Earth’s climate system.
Ecology & Environment - General Studies
Post UNCED – Rio+10 (2002) or Earth Summit 2002, Rio+20 (2012) or Earth Summit 2012, UN Agenda 2030 – Sustainable Development Goals – UPSC Environment Notes
by Edukemy Team
In the aftermath of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), the World Summit on Sustainable Development, commonly known as Rio+10, took place in 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Ecology & Environment - General Studies
The History of SDGs – Brundtland Commission, UNCED or Earth Summit 1992, Rio De Janeiro Brazil – UPSC Environment Notes
by Edukemy Team
The genesis of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can be traced back to the landmark events of the Brundtland Commission
Ecology & Environment - General Studies
UNCED/Earth Summit, Rio De Janeiro – Landmark Agreements and High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development (HLPF) – UPSC Environment Notes
by Edukemy Team
The UNCED, also recognized as the ‘Earth Summit,’ took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, spanning from June 3 to 14, 1992.
Ecology & Environment - General Studies
UN Environment Programme (UNEP) – Agencies, Global Environment Facility (GEF) – UPSC Environment Notes
by Edukemy Team
UNEP functions as a United Nations agency that coordinates environmental initiatives globally. Its establishment in 1972 was a direct outcome of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment.
Ecology & Environment - General Studies
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (1972) – Stockholm Declaration – UPSC Environment Notes
by Edukemy Team
The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, held in Stockholm in 1972, stands as a watershed moment in the global environmental movement.
Ecology & Environment - General Studies
Shrinking Cryosphere – Arctic Amplification (PA), Sea Level Change – UPSC Environment Notes
by Edukemy Team
The cryosphere, comprising the Earth’s frozen water bodies such as glaciers, ice caps, and sea ice, is undergoing profound changes due to the warming climate
Ecology & Environment - General Studies
Increased Frequency and Severity of Heat Waves – Urban Heat Island, Marine Heat Waves, Wildfires – UPSC Environment Notes
by Edukemy Team
Urban Heat Island (UHI), Marine Heat Waves (MHW), and Wildfires are three interrelated environmental phenomena that have garnered