Ecology & Environment – General Studies

The Indian estuarine ecosystem is a dynamic and vital interface where freshwater rivers meet the salty waters of the ocean, creating a unique habitat teeming with life and ecological diversity.

Estuarine vegetation refers to the diverse plant life that thrives in the unique and dynamic ecosystems of estuaries

The estuarine ecosystem provides an extensive array of advantages, encompassing economic, environmental, and cultural benefits. 

Estuarine wetlands represent dynamic and vital ecosystems that bridge the gap between terrestrial and marine environments, embodying a unique blend of freshwater and saltwater influences.

Wetlands and lakes are two distinct types of aquatic ecosystems that play vital roles in supporting biodiversity and providing various ecosystem services.

The word “seaweed” is used to talk about many types of plants and algae that live in water, not just the ocean. 

Seagrasses are the exclusive flowering plants capable of thriving in saltwater environments. There are approximately 60 known species of entirely marine seagrasses, classified into four families: Posidoniaceae,

Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES), also referred to as payments for environmental benefits, are incentives provided to farmers or landowners.

The Global Initiative for the Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) is a worldwide effort aimed at enhancing awareness of the economic advantages of global biodiversity. 

Ecosystems play a vital role in sustaining our long-term health and prosperity. 
Essential resources such as food, water, timber, air purification, soil formation, and pollination are just a few examples of the myriad benefits humans derive from ecosystems